高中英语阅读理解科技类三.doc

高中英语阅读理解科技类三Imagine，one day，getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work，going back home to Beijing and having dinner thereSounds unusual，doesnt it? But its not that unrealistic，with the development of Chinas highspeed railway systemAnd thats not a11 China has an even greater highspeed railway planto connect the country with Southeast Asia，and eventually Eastern EuropeChina is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 1 0 to 15 years，eventually reaching London and SingaporeChina has proposed three such projectsThe first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and MalaysiaAnother could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan，and possibly to GermanyThe third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe If Chinas plan for the high-speed railway goes forward，people could zip over from London to Beijing in under two daysThe new system would still follow Chinas highspeed railway standardAnd the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour，almost as fast as some airplanes Chinas bullet train(高速客车)，the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou，already has the Worlds fastest average speedIt covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hoursOf course，there are some technical challenges to overcomeThere are so many issues that need to be settled，such as safety，rail gauge(轨距)，maintenance of railway tracksSo，its important to pay attention to every detailBut the key issue is really moneyChina is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan ondomestic railway expansionChina prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capitalinvestmentResources from those countries could stream into China to sustain developmentIt11 be a win-win project. For other countries，the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business，tourism and so on，not to mention the better communication among those countriesFor China，such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources，but would also help develop Chinas far westWe foresee that in the coming decades，millions of people will migrate to the western regions，where the land is empty and resources unusedWith high-speed trains，people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for a11And they11 trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries67Chinas new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because AChina will get much-needed resources and develop its western regionsBChina and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various waysCChina will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesD the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation，business and tourism68According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is Atechnical issues Bsafety of the systemCfinancial problems Dmaintenance of railway tracks69Which of the following words best describes the authors attitude towards Chinas high-speed railway plan? ACritical BReserved CDoubtful D. Positive70Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? ANew Railway Standards BBig Railway Dreams CHighspeed Bullet Trains DInternational Railway NetworkBHave you ever noticed the color of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in color? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fieldsComponents of Soft Soil is made up of a number of layers(层)，each having its own distinctive color and textureThe upper layer is known as the litterIt acts like a blanket, limiting temperature changes and reducing water lossThe topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质)，which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colorThis layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and waterBelow the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matterThis layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humusBeneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock Soil forms from the bottom upOver time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind，frost, and snowIt is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weatheringPlants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoilMost of the soil in Eastern Canada, for example, was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2, 000 years agoWater Beneath the Soil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes, ponds, and riversOnce in the soil or rock，it is called groundwaterGravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透)Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water tableUnder this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layersThis causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.Soil pH Soil can be acidic, neutral, or basicThe pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rockfrom which it was formed, and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soilBy burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soilsWhen fossil fuels are burned, gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rainAcid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levelsAs nutrients are removed，soil is less fertilePlants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases67The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called A1itter Btopsoil Chumus Dsubsoil68According to the textwhich of the following is NOT true? ASoil forms from weathered rock on the earth surfaceBThe deeper layer of soil is darker in color than the surface soilCAir pollution is partially responsible for acid soil DGroundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth69We can infer from the passage that the water table lies Abetween the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer Bin the subsoil layer above bedrockCbetween the subsoil layer and bedrock Din the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil70The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are Arushed away into the river Bcleaned and purified by waterCdestroyed and carried away by water Dmixed with water and become part of it67 .B 68 .C 69. D 70 .B67B 68B 69C 70D