-高中英语语法通霸2016-名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案.doc

名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。高考常从连接词的选择、语序、语气、时态等方面来考查。名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which /whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where /when /why / how / wherever / whenever。

第1讲 引导名词性从句的连接词

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考点1. 引导名词性从句的连接词有哪些
有学生认为，引导同位语从句只能用that, 这句话对吗？先看下面几个句子。
① I have no question that he will come.
② I have a question whether he will come
③ I have a question when he will come.
我们可以看出：上面三个句子中question后面都是同位语从句，都是说明question的内容的。
在句①中，同位语从句的原句是陈述句，由that引导；
在句②中，原句是一般疑问句，由whether引导；
在句③中，同位语从句的原句是特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词也起着连接作用。
其实，所有名词性从句的连接词都有上面的三种情况。
宾语从句：
I don’t know that he will come.
I don’t know whether/if he will come.
I don’t know when he will come.
表语从句：
What I don’t know is that he will come.
What I don’t know is whether he will come.
What I don’t know is when he will come.
主语从句
That he will come is obvious.
Whether he will come isn’t known yet.
When he will come isn’t known yet.

1. 【2010浙江】It is uncertain ______ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A. that B. what C. how D. whether
2. 【2012全国新课标】It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
3. 【2012山东】It doesn’t matter ______ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A. how B. whether C. what D. why
4. 【2013陕西】It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
5. 【2009天津】It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as B. which C. whether D. that
6. 【2012江西】It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office.
A. whether B. where C. which D. that
考点2. 引导词that的省略问题
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中连词that不能省略。
That they are good at English is known to us all.
The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
She expressed her hope that they would come to China one day.
只有宾语从句中的连接词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that也不能省略：
A. 当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略。
He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand.
B. 当两个名词性从句并列作宾语时，后面的that不能省。
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
C. 当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
7. ______ we need more practice is quite clear.
A. When B. What C. That D. /
8. ______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
9.  【2010上海】One reason for her preference for city life is ______ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
10. The reason why I didn’t go to Shanghai was ______ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting
C. I got D. that I got
11. 【2011全国I】The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
12. Having checked the doors were closed, and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.
A. why B. that C. when D. where
13. I know nothing about the young lady—______ she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides
14. Human beings are different from animals ___ they can use language as a tool to communicate.
A. for that B. in that C. in which D. for which
(如果不理解本题，可以参看P. 151Error! Reference source not found.)
考点3. whether 与if引导名词性从句时的区别
A. 在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether,不能用if。
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
B. 在宾语从句中whether和if可以互换，但：
i. 作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：
It all depends on whether they will come back.
ii. 后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
C. whether也可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。
I have not decided whether to go or not.
D. whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用：
The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
E. whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。如：
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
F. discuss后通常用whether。
15. ______ you can succeed in the end will mainly depend on ______ you do and ______ you do it.
A. If; what; why B. Whether; what; how
C. Whether; how; why D. That; whether; how
16. 【2009上海】It is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over.
A. since B. what C. when D. whether
17. They discussed ______ they could settle the problem without others’ help.
A. if B. that C. what D. whether
18. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
19. Mr. Hopkins has not yet answered my question ______ I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.
A. that; which B. that; where
C. whether; that D. whether; what
20. I have no idea ______ or not he has finished the work.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which
考点4. question 与doubt 后跟同位语从句时的连接词问题
doubt，question用于肯定结构时，后面用whether引导名词性从句；用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用that引导名词性从句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接that引导的名词性从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/ if引导的名词性从句。
21. I have no question ______ he will succeed.
A. whether B. that C. when D. how
22. Then I had a question ______ a spore（孢子）could quickly get around and form mould (霉菌).
A. why B. that C. that how D. if
23. The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
24. I don’t doubt ______ he’ll come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
25. After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind ______ the police could find her lost child.
A. how B. that C. where D. whether
考点5. 名词性从句是复合句时，不要忘了带that (双连接词)
改错:
① The question was that whether he could get a job at the center.
② You have no idea that how busy we were those days.
③ It is well known what a person eats causes changes in the body.
答案及解析：
①去掉that,。后面whether本身就起着连接作用。
②去掉that。 who, how, when, what等本身就有两个作用：作从句的成分；起连接作用。
③在what前面加that。what只是把主语从句的两个分句连接起来，但其作为一个整体来作主语从句时还需要用that引导。
26. Father made a promise ______ I passed the exam he would buy me a bike.
A. that B. that if C. if D. whether
27. It was true ______ she did delighted every one of us.
A. that B. what C. that what D. that which
28. Some language experts think ______ we learn language in the same way ______ we learn other things, and ______ we’re born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.
A. /; /; that what B. that; which; what
C. /; that; what that D. that; in which; that
29. She often thinks of ______ she can do more for her motherland.
A. what B. how C. that D. that how
30. At that time I had no idea ______ I could hand it to him without being seen.
A. if B. how C. which D. that how

I. 单句改错
1. 【2005重庆】One may not agree to the examination system, but at present it is basically the only measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend on to decide if or not each of us meets the requirement.
2. If you come or not is up to you.
3. I have no idea if he will come tomorrow.
4. My suggestion is  we go by bus instead of by train. 
5. Athletes are awarded some money is reasonable.
6. Everyone knows the fact Taiwan belongs to China.
7. He told me he had got used to the life there and he was making progress.
8. That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.
II. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）
9. It’s uncertain ______ he will do tomorrow.
10. ______ is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress.
11. ______ talks between the two countries are making progress is reported in the newspaper.
12. ____ is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress.
13. _____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
14. There is no doubt ______ my friend was not important to them all.
III. 写作技能提升
15. 【2006上海】一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。(Whether. . . )
16. 他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。（his success, lie in the fact, be well prepared）
17. 他近来没有尽最大努力，我们都很清楚。（do one’s best, recently, be obvious to）
18. 我反对这个工程的原因是，它花费太多的钱，而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。（the reason why …is that, to improve the lives of the local people）
19. 使我们这个学校特别的是，她的大多数毕业生都被名校录取。（make …special, graduate, be admitted to, famous colleges）
20. 在我看来，这个公寓很完美，除去窗户稍微有点小外。（personally, perfect, except that）
21. 从你们发布在网站的广告我知道，你们学校发展很快，你们想要聘用能说一口流利英语的人。( advertisement/ad, post, website, develop, rapidly, employ, fluently)
22. 【2011湖北】他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。（occur to, conference）
23. 【2014上海】将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。( up to)
24. 毫无疑问，玩电脑游戏过多对他们的健康有害，对他们的学习有负面影响。（there is no doubt, be harmful to, have a negative effect on）
25. 我相信有志者事竟成，成功属于做出不断努力的人。

第2讲 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (参看P. 137Error! Reference source not found.)

第3讲 what, when, where, how, why等引导的名词性从句

考点1. what引导的名词性从句
that和what的区别：
that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词 + 关系代词”即常说的“先行词 + that”。what从句，在功能上相当于一个名词，常译作“……的事/话/地方/时间/……”，可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
1. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. what D. which
2. What a different man he is ______ he was four years ago.
A. from what B. with what C. from whom D. by whom
3. 【2014江苏】—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ______ you have made me.
A. how B. what C. that D. who
4. The city is no longer ______.
A. what it is B. that it used to be
C. which it was D. what it used to be
5. Our school is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago, ______ it was not well equipped.
A. what; which B. that; which
C. what; when D. that; where
6. After ______ seemed like hours, he came qq 329950885out with a bitter smile.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
7. The teacher returned after ______ seemed to be a long time.
A. it B. that C. what D. when
8. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
9. Generally speaking, ______ we have seen seems more believable than ______ we have been told.
A. what; that B. what; what
C. that; what D. that; that
10. 【2011四川】Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
A. why B. how C. what D. which
11. I think that this meal was well worth ______ was charged for it.
A. that B. what C. which D. how many
12. The shopkeeper didn’t want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.
A. how B. after C. what D. when
13. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. of which
14. Mr. Smith told me ______ he was doing was important.
A. that B. why
C. what that D. why what
15. 【2013新课标I】Police have found ______ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A. which B. where C. how D. what
考点2. when, where, how, why引导的名词性从句
why，……的原因；when，……的时间；
how，……的方法；where，……的地方
16. —Do you think it a must for me to try to do everything for my children?
—No, that’s ______ you’re mistaken; they should do everything on their own.
A. where B. when C. what D. that
17. 【2010江苏】—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s ______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
18. Is this ______ we met each other two years ago?
A. place B. place in which
C. where D. place which
19. Go and get your coat. It’s ______ you left it.
A. there B. where
C. there where D. where there
20. 【2010全国2】— Have you finished the book?
—No, I’ve read up to ______ the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
21. 【2011山东】 I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
A. that B. when C. where D. why
22. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that ______ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
23. 【2015北京】______we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A. Where B. How C. Why D. When
24. 【2008天津】The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where B. how C. when D. why
考点3. when表示“……时候的事情”
25. I remember ______ this used to be a quiet place.
A. when B. how C. that D. if
26. I remember ______ we had our lessons in a shed (小棚子).
A. when B. which C. where D. what
考点4. 感叹句作名词性从句
27. The travelers drank up ______ little water there was in the bottles.
A. how B. which C. what D. that
28. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she’s now buying a big house.
Carol: Yes. Because she’s always saved ______.
A. what little she earns B. how little she earns
C. for little she earns D. with little she earns
29. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
30. 【2011北京】The shocking news made me realize ______ terrible problems we would face.
A. what B. how C. that D. why

I. 单句改错
1. 【2010全国Ⅰ】So if they had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize.
2. 【2005江苏】Leaving him at home all day, we would return at night to hear that he’d picked up from the radio in the day.
3. That he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
4. They do these is because they want to earn some money.(两处错误)
II. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）
5. 【2014上海】Perhaps ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.
6. 【2014山东】It is difficult for us to imagine______ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
7. Mr. Hopkins has not yet answered my question whether I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.
8. 【2015上海】______ makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life.
III. 写作技能提升
9. 近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子了。（great changes, take place, what it used to be）
10. 【2012湖北】事情往往不是它们看上去的那样。(appear)
11. 她变化很大，看起来与过去不同了。（change, look different from）
12. 过了数小时的样子，他苏醒过来了。（what seemed like hours, come to oneself）
13. 如果我们想成功，我们应当相信我们做的事情，相信我们自己。（succeed, believe in what we do, who we are）
14. 与我期望的相反，我的英语考试又一次不及格。（contrary to, expect, fail, a second time.）
15. 我们得不到的似乎总比我们拥有的好。（seem better than）
16. 【2008湖北】由于科技的快速发展，我很难想象我的家乡十年后会是什么样子。（with, can’t imagine）
17. 你很难想象我在学英语中遇到多么大的困难。（you can’t imagine, have difficulty in doing something）
18. 我的家乡与过去有多么大的不同啊！（how different, my hometown, what it used to be）

第4讲 whatever, whoever, whichever与whenever, wherever, however

“连接词 + ever”可分为两类：
“连接代词 + ever”： whatever / whichever /
whoever （宾格 whomever ）
“连接副词 + ever”： wherever / whenever / however
不论是“连接代词 + ever”还是“连接副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该连接词的本义”。
考点1. “连接代词 + ever”既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语性从句
A. 引导名词性从句时，既作主句成分又作从句成分。
Whoever smokes here will be punished. （whoever引导主语从句，在主句和从句中都作主语）
Beggars will eat whatever they are given. （whatev