高中英语倒装句语法知识汇总.doc

高中英语倒装句
倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装
1 全部倒装
　 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
　1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。
　　 Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
　　 Here is your letter. 你的信。
　2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。　　
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
　　 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
　 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. 他来了。　　　　
Away they went. 他们走开了。
2 部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
　1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time决不, in no way, not until… 等。
　　 Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
　　 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
　　 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
　2.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
　　 I have never seen such a performance.
---never have I seen such a performance.
　　 The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
---not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room.
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
　　 A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn\'t man know　 D. did man know
　 答案D.　 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。
　 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
3.以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。　
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。
　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装
　用这些词表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。　　　　
　Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
　If you won\'t go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
　 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。
　 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。
　 ---It\'s raining hard.---So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。
5. only在句首倒装的情况。
　 Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。
　 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。
　 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
6. as, though 引导的倒装句
　 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
　　1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
　　2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
7. 其他部分倒装
1） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：
　　May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：
　 Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。
典型例题：
1）Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is　　
A. man did know　 B. man knew　 C. didn\'t man know　 D. did man know
答案为D.　否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。
2）Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.　
A. didn\'t I realize　　B. did I realize　　C. I didn\'t realize　D. I realize
　 答案为B。
3） Do you know Tom bought a new car?
　 I don\'t know, ___.
　 A. nor don\'t I care　 B. nor do I care　
　 C. I don\'t care neither　D. I don\'t care also

三.巩固练习

1._______ and caught the mouse.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
2.______ and the lesson began.
A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came
C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown
3. Over _______, dead.
A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat
C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled
4.—Where is my shirt, mum?  —_________.
A. There is it B. There it is
C. There is D. Here is it
5. —Where is your father? —Oh, ________.
A. here he comes B. he here comes
C. here does he come D. here comes he
6. The door opened and there ________.
A. enters an old man B. entered an old man
C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered
7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text.
A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is
8. Often _____ them not to smoke here.
A. we advised B. advised me
C. did we advise D. had we advised
9. ________ playing soldiers.
A. Inside the room were two boys
B. Inside the room two boys
C. Were two boys inside the room
D. Inside the room was two boys
10. On the wall _______ two large portraits.
A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs
11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach.
A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier
C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier
12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty.
A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live
C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man
13. She plays the piano very well, ______.
A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does
C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us
14. You say he works hard, ______, and _____.
A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you
C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do
15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting.  —__________.
A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we
16. I don’t think Jack will come today, _____.
A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn’t
C. Mary will either D. or Mary does
17. She is fond of cooking, _____I.
A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do
18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .
A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles
C. So was Engles D. So did Engles
19. A fish needs water and without water it will die._______.
A. So does a man B. So will a man
C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man
20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals.
A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make
C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have
21. So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him.
A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke
22. __________ his appearance that no one could recognize him.
A. Strange so was B. So strange was
C. Was so strange D. So was strange
23. Not once ______ their plan.
A. did they change B. they changed
C. changed they D. they did change
24. Never ______ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.
A. are seeing B. had I seen
C. I have seen D. have I seen
25. Seldom ______ TV during the day.
A. they watch B. are they watching
C. have they watched D. do they watch
26. Nowhere ______ as in my garden.
A. the flowers were so beautiful
B. were the flowers so beautiful
C. so beautiful were the flowers
D. so beautiful the flowers were
27. Hardly ________ his homework when he went out.
A. finished he B. he had finished
C. did he finish D. had he finished
28. Scarcely _____ finished their homework ______ I came into the classroom.
A. had they; than B. they had; when
C. had they; when D. did they; when
29. Not only _______ a promise, but also he kept it.
A. has he made B. does he make
C. he made D. did he make
30. Not until his comrades criticized him _______ to admit his mistake.
A. had he begun B. began he
C. did he begin D. does he begin
Part II
1. _____can you expect to get a pay rise.
a.with hard work b. although work hard
c. only with hard work d. now that he works hard
2. ____, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
a.however late is he b. however he is late
c. however is he late d. however late he is
3. not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.
a.did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized
c. the villagers did realize d. didn’t the villagers realize
4. not until i began to work ____ how much time i had wasted.
a.didn’t realize b. did i realize
c. i didn’t realize d. i realized
5.—do you know jim quarrel with his brother?
—i don’t know, _______.
a.nor don’t i care b. nor do i care
c. i don’t care neither d. i don’t care also
6. only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.
a.you can b. can you c. you will d. will you
7. not until the early years of the19th century _____ what heat is.
a.man did know b. man knew
c. didn’t man know d. did man know
8. _____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.
a.he hardly; then b. hardly had he; when c. he had not; than d. not had he; when
9. ______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
a. not only they brought b. not only did they bring
c. not only brought they d. not only they did bring
10.—i don’t think i can walk any further. —_____, let’s stop here for a rest.
a.neither can i b. neither do i
c. i didn’t think so d. i think so
11. only in this way ______ do it well.
a.must we b. we could c. can we d. we can
12. hardly ____ when it began to rain.
a.had he arrived b. arrived he
c. he had arrived d. did he arrive
13. jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _____.
a. it was the same with mike b.so it is with mike
c. so is mike d. so does mike
14. ______, i would have given you his address.
a. if you asked me b. you had asked me
c. should you have asked me d.had you asked me
15. _____ that they had made an important discovery in science.
a.little they realized b. they had realized little
c.little did they realize d. little had they realized
16. ______ that i couldn’t be absorbed in the work.
a. they made such talked b. so loudly they talked
c. it was noise outside d. such a loud noise did they make
17. many a time _____ me good advice.
a. he gave b. does he give
c. he has given d. has he given
18. ____ have i seen a better performance.
a. everywhere b. nowhere else
c. everywhere else d. nowhere
19. not a single word ____ at the beginning.
a. did he say b. has he said c. he said d. he has said
20. only in an hour ago ____ out why he was absent.
a. did the teacher found b. the teacher found
c. did the teacher find d. had the teacher found

1—5 CABBA 6—10 BBBDA 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 BAACC 21—25 ABADD 26—30 BDCDC

1．倒装句，答案为c。
2．状语从句的语序应是正常语序，故a、c排除，连词however后必须紧跟形容词或副词，d是正确答案。
3．not until引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装，答案为a 。
4．本题考查以否定词开头并修饰状语时的主谓语序，这时原状语可以是副词或介词短语，还可以是从句，而主谓的语序为部分倒装，答案为b。
5．本题考查neither 或nor连接句子时语序的倒装，答案为b。
6．答案为d。
7．答案为d。
8．hardly...when和no sooner ...than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装，答案为b 。
9．答案为b 。
10．答案为b。
11．only引导的介词短语或从句位于句首修饰状语时，句子谓语要部分倒装，答案为c。
12．部分倒装，答案为a。
13．答案为b。
14．答案为d。
15．副词little位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为c。
16．答案为d。
17．many修饰名词并位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为d。
18．答案为d。
19．答案为a。
20．only修饰介词短语时，并位于句首时,句子要倒装，答案为c。
21．答案为b。
22．答案为d。
23．虚拟语气的倒装形式，答案为c。
24．答案为c。
25．答案为d。
26．there放于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不变，仍保留陈述句式，答案为b。
27．答案为a。
28．答案为c。
29．only修饰句子的状语，位于句首，要部分倒装。若only修饰的状语从句不倒装，则主句要倒装，答案为a。