2016年高考江苏卷英语试题解析.doc

2016年高考英语江苏卷（含详解答案）
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
答案是B。
21. It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why B. what C. as D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
考点：考查主语从句
22. More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
A. are made B. will be made C. are being made D. have been made
【答案】B
考点：考查时态语态。
23. Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。故C正确。
考点：考查定语从句
24. — Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
— Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
考点：考查名词辨析
25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；根据句意可知C项正确。
考点：考查动词词义辨析
26. ______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While
【答案】D
考点：考查连词
27. If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have been
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气
28. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
考点：考查分词做定语
29. Dashan, who crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up
with the Western stand-up tradition.
A. will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查时态。本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。
考点：考查时态
30. Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；根据句意可知B正确。
考点：考查动词短语辨析
31. His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；故A正确。
考点：考查形容词词义辨析
32. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— . Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
考点：考查交际用语
33. Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；根据句意可知C项正确。
考点：考查短语辨析
34. Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
考点：考查部分倒装
35. —Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
—Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid.
A. Achilles’ heel B. child’s play C. green fingers D. last straw
【答案】A
考点：考查谚语
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。学科.网
Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36 ,Kurt asked me, “ John, what is your 37 for personal growth?
Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might 38 for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was 39 . And I went into a 40 about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt 41 patiently, but then he 42 smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”
“No, I 43 .
“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) 44 process.”
And that’s when it 45 me. I wasn’t doing anything 46 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the 47 : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 48 .
That night, I talked to my wife about my 49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I 50 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We 51 that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a 52 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a 55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.
36. A. working
B. preparing
C. thinking
D. eating
37. A. suggestion
B. demand
C. plan
D. request
38. A. appeal
B. look
C. call
D. qualify
39. A. involved
B. trapped
C. lost
D. bathed
40. A. lecture
B. speech
C. discussion
D. debate
41. A. calculated
B. listened
C. drank
D. explained
42. A. eagerly
B. gradually
C. gratefully
D. finally
43. A. admitted
B. interrupted
C. apologized
D. complained
44. A. automatic
B. slow
C. independent
D. changing
45. A. confused
B. informed
C. pleased
D. hit
46. A. on loan
B. on purpose
C. on sale
D. on balance
47. A. comment
B. announcement
C. decision
D. arrangement
48. A. life[来源:学。科。网]
B. progress
C. performance
D. investment
49. A. contract
B. conversation
C. negotiation
D. argument
50. A. lent
B. sold
C. showed
D. offered
51. A. recalled
B. defined
C. recognized
D. declared
52. A. tool
B. method
C. way
D. rule
53. A. provide
B. buy
C. give
D. deliver
54. A. grow
B. survive
C. move
D. gather
55. A. difficult
B. random
C. firm
D. wise
【答案】36-40.DCDA B 41-45.BDAAD 46-50.BCABC 51-55. CCBAD
38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。
39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与...；卷入...；be trapped in被困在...中；be lost in沉浸于...；be bathed in被 ... 笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。
40.B 考查名词辨析。我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。
41.B 考查上下文串联。我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。
42.D 考查副词辨析。终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。
45.D 考查动词辨析。Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。
46.B 考查介词辨析。介词on loan暂借，出借的；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。
47.C 考查上下文串联。根据文章55空It was a 55 decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。
48.A 考查上下文串联。可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。
49.B 考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。
50.C 考查动词辨析。我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。
51.C 考查动词辨析。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。
52.C 考查名词辨析。Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。
53. B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A

Day school Program
Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.
The on-line classroom provides an innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education
These on-line courses
are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers
are part of the TDSB Student’s time table; and
appear on the Student’s report upon completion
Benefits of e-Learning
Include:
Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school
Using technology to provide students with current information: and.
assistance to solve timetable conflicts
Is e-Learning for You?
Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;
able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities;
capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and ,
able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access
Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.
56. E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that .
A. they are given by best TDSB teachers.
B. they are not on the day school timetable.
C. they are not included on students’ reports.
D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.
57. What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?
A. To learn information technology on-line.
B. To do their assignments independently.
C. To update their mobile devices regularly.
D. To talk face to face with their teachers.
【答案】56. D 57. B
考点：考查广告类阅读

B
Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food.
In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence. Develops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills,at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world
The cure of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.
58. What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?
A. Chimps seldom care about others’ interests.
B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children.
C. Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food.
D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.
59. Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they____.
A. have the instinct to help others
B. know how to offer help to adults
C. know the world better than chimps
D. trust adults with their hands full
60. The passage is mainly about ____.
A. the helping behaviors of young children
B. ways to train children’s shared intentionality
C. cooperation as a distinctive human nature
D. the development of intelligence in children
【答案】58.A 59.A 60.C [来源:Zxxk.Com]
【解析】
58.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段后两句“If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or,...... he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish”可知A正确。
60.C 主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。故C项正确。
考点：考查科普说明文阅读

C
El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.
The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.
But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.
The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters woul