交互主体性理论观照下的文学名著复译——以David-Copperfield两复译本为个案讲课讲稿.docx
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1、此文档收集于网络,如有侵权请联系网站删除摘要早在二十世纪八十年代,文学名著的复译就引起了译界的广泛关 注和讨论,如国内的鲁迅、郑诗鼎、刘晓丽、罗新璋、许均等,国外 的洪堡、伽德默尔、斯内尔霍恩比等。这些学者从不同视角对复译 现象、复译的必要性进行了研究,与此同时他们也开始了对复译背后 深层原因的思考。然而对复译现象的出现,学者们的看法并不一样。 其中译者理解的不同历时或共时角度,原文本的价值等被认为是造成 多个译本出现的因素。但是我们深知这种从单一主体方面着手的研究 是远远不能透视复译的本质。事实上就文学名著的翻译而言,所谓的“定本或者“理想的范 本”是不存在的,所以一部译作只能是对原作的一种
2、理解,一种阐述。 也许有的名著现在尚无复译本,但不能因此断言以后也不会出现复译 本,因为文学作品需要依靠复译来获得后起的生命。随着时代和语言 的发展变化,昔日之译文在遣词造句、文体风格等方面于今天看来可 能不再适应新形式发展,或不同历史时期内的视域融合、译者理解的 不同历时或共时角度的变化,原文可得到新的阐释,因而不仅有理由、 而且有必要进行复译。要知道复译带给我们的远不是几个简单译本的 相继问世,更多的是其背后原因的深层思考。从某种程度上说来,复 译研究得到了一定的发展和关注,但若从哲学角度来谈论复译,其背 后深层原因的研究还是远远不够的。近年来随着翻译研究的进一步发展,作为一种领悟和理解形
3、式之 复译的重要性成为当今译界的热点,从广泛视角来看待翻译的这种需此文档仅供学习和交流要也从此得到认可。事实上,只有从一切科学研究的基础并具先行的 哲学角度来看待复译才能真正透视复译背后的原因,更加深入地解决 翻译研究中的复译问题。目前翻译主体性和译者文化地位成为复译研 究的热门话题和理论界关注的重点之一。胡塞尔的现象学哲学,黑格 尔的存在主义,伽德默尔的阐释学及哈贝马斯的交往行动理论都在一 定程度上对交互主体性理论进行了论证并完善。交互主体性理论认为 文学名著复译过程中涉及到的各因素都是主体,其中包括原文作者、原译者、复译者、读者、原文、原译文、复译文本、翻译发起人、出 版商或赞助人等,他们
4、之间平等共在、相互作用、相互否定、相互协 调、相互交流,处在主体间性关系之中,复译是他们以此为基础进行 对话的结果。本文指出正是由于主体之间的这些独有特点,文学作品 的复译不仅成为可能,而且不可避免了建立在前人对复译研究基础之上,本文从当前国内对这一课题研 究的现状出发,以哲学上的交互主体性为理论基石尝试性地探索名著 复译现象,值得一提的是这是作者把西方哲学和翻译研究结合的粗浅 尝试。本文的中心内容在于提炼交互主体性理论中与翻译有关的核心内容,并围绕此内容去剖析复译的本质。在此基础上本文进一步以交 互主体性理论为透析视角对狄更斯的杰作David CopperfieM的张谷 若译本和董秋斯译本进
5、行了比较和分析,并阐明了两成功复译本诞生的真正原因,从而使该研究更可信更客观。关键字: 文学名著,复译,交互主体性理论,David Copperfield,董 秋斯,张谷若AbstractRetranslation is no longer a舶sh thingEver since the 1 980s,the retranslation of literary masterpieces has been drawing a wide attention and discussionScholars both at home and abroad have aired their views,
6、 and there are people such as Lu Xun,Zhen Shiding,Liu Xiaoli,Luo Xingzhang,Xu Jun,Gregory Rabassa,Humboldt,Gadmer,SnellHornbyand SO onIn terms of literary translation,many translators attempt to explain the reason behind retranslationHowever,most of the theoretical papers concerned with retranslatio
7、n of literary masterpieces view the matter either from the perspective of the translator or from the perspective of the original work to be translated onlyAccordingly,we may find that the existing investigation cannot adequately illustrate the phenomenon of retranslation and we shall soon discover t
8、he retranslation phenomenon not surprisingly,is far from satisfactoryThere are no eternal things in the world,with the development of time and language,even the famous and popular versions of literary masterpieces cannot avoid the destiny of being challenged and retranslated in short periods of time
9、It is no doubt that the dictions andstyles of former versions may be out of date due to the synchronic interpretations and fusion of horizons,SO we call say retranslating bringslllUS not just several different versions, but more deep thoughtsTo some extent,the retranslation phenomenon has been explo
10、red and explained, but the real cause behind it has hardly sunk in yetIn recent years,the need for treating translation from a wide range of perspectives has been recognizedSome scholars have already observed and discussed the phenomena of retranslations;some went further to suggest enlightening exp
11、lanationsAs a matter of fact,if we devote our efforts to the retranslation of literary masterpieces from the perspective oflinguistics and philosophy,we can get a clearer view of the essence of itThe theory of translation subjectivity and the cultural position of translators had made their way ahead
12、We Can conclude that the transition from the subjectivity to intersubjectivity is a new trend,which Can besupported by HusserlS phenomenology,HegelianS existentialism, Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics and HabermasS communicative actionIn actuality,the process of translating involves relationships
13、 ofdifferent subjectsDuring the conversation all the subjects involved are engaged and all the factors should be treated on an equal footing,interactive and mutually negative,negotiative and communicative,namely the source language text,the author,the established versions,the preceding translator,th
14、e succeeding translator,the characters in the masterpiece,the target language reader,translation initiators or patrons And retranslation is a derivation from their dialogues on the basis ofintersubj ectivityThis research proposes that it is the characteristics of intersubj ectivity which make retran
15、slation of literary works not only necessary,possible,but even inevitableOn the basis of the former studies,the current thesis strives toexplore the retranslation phenomenon profoundly from a microscopical perspective-intersubj ectivity theory,which is a comparatively new attempt of combining Wester
16、n philosophical theory with translation study The core of this thesis is to abstract the essence of the intersubjectivity theory and put it into practiceWth a view to probing deeper and touching the root of retranslation,comparison of the two wellknownChinese versions of Charles Dickensnovel David C
17、opperfield(translated by Dong Qiusi and Zhang Guruo respectively)against the intersubjectivity theory is made,which surely Can make the current study more convincing and obj ectiveKey words:literary masterpieces,retranslation,intersubjectivity theory,David Copperfield,Dong Qiusi,Zhang GuruoV原创性声明本人声
18、明,所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工 作及取得的成果。尽我所知,除了论文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方 外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为 获得中南大学或其他单位的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我共同工 作的同志对本研究所做的贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明。作者签名_盔茎羔嗍甲4月曲关于学位论文使用授权说明本人了解中南大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有 权保留学位论文,允许学位论文被查阅和借阅;学校可以公布学位论 文的全部或部分内容,可以采用复印、缩印或其它手段保存学位论文; 学校可根据国家或湖南省有关部门规定送交学位论文。名:啦一名:姓吼P驴脚MA
19、Thesis IntroductionIntroduction01 Research Background and Main IssuesRetranslation is no more a fresh“ngTranslators both at home and abroad have had heated discussion about it ever since translationappearedSome observe progress or deficiencies in retranslation and are devoted to suggestions for bett
20、er translation based on the comparative studies of different versions ever produced;others seek to find theoretical explanations behind the prevalent retranslation phenomenaIn terms of literary translation,most of the theoretical papers concemed withretranslation of literary masterpieces view the ma
21、tter either from the perspective of the translator or from the original text to be translated, either from the perspective of the reader,or from the established versions translated beforeAnd till now consensus on retranslation has been reachedXu(许 1 994)for one,has tried to sum up the causes of retr
22、anslation:1(1)the established versions brim over with redundancy or deletion,which Canhardly reflect the idea and spirit of the original text nor Can cater to the readers(2)The established versions were translated from a second source instead of the source language textSuch kinds of translated text
23、are not what we hanker after and should be retranslatedLiteraryMAThesis Introductionmasterpieces,as systematic language structures with great art skills, possess their own characters,some of whose forms even c,an hardly be conveyedFrom language A to language B,the translation will lose some of the i
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