美国文学复习总结.doc
《美国文学复习总结.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《美国文学复习总结.doc(18页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、美国文学史复习1(colonialism)第一部分 殖民主义时期的文学一、时期综述1、清教徒采用的文学体裁:a、narratives 日记 b、journals 游记2、清教徒在美国的写作内容:1)their voyage to the new land2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops3) About dealing with Indians4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit3、清教徒的思想:1)puritan wan
2、t to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式2) Wishto restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology。 重建教堂,提供简单服务,建立神圣地位来源:(http:/blog.sina。com。cn/s/blog_5d7e2e330100blsr。html) 美国文学史复习1(colonialism)_苗苗_新浪博客 3)look upon themselves as chosen people, an
3、d it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing Gods will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民,对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝4)puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步 5)religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrat
4、hful God。强调上帝严厉的一面,忽视上帝仁慈的一面。4、典型的清教徒: John Cotton Roger William他们的不同:John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America。5、William的宗教观点:Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang
5、from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God。 行为上的德,信仰上的诚,并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利.没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人:An
6、ne Bradstreet7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人:the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor.美国文学史复习2(reasoningandrevolution)(2009-01-17 15:54:25) 一、美国的性质:The war for Independence ended in the formation of a Federative bourgeois democratic republic the United States of America。 联邦的资产阶级民主共和国-美利坚合众国.二、代表作家:1、Benjamin Frank
7、lin 本杰明富兰克林 1706-17901)Poor Richards Almanac 穷人查理德的年鉴 annual collection of proverbs 流行谚语集It soon became the most popular book of its kind, largely because of Franklins shrewd humor, and first spread his reputation2) Founded the Junto, a club for informal discussion of scientific, economic and politi
8、cal ideas。 建立了一个秘密俱乐部,讨论的主题是政治、经济和科学等时事方面的问题3)established Americas first circulating library, founded the college-University of Pennsylvania. 建立了美国第一个可租借的图书馆,还创办了一所大学-就是现在的宾夕法尼亚大学。4)first applied the terms ”positive” and ”negative” to electrical charges.5)As a representative of the Colonies, he trie
9、d in vain to counsel the British toward policies that would let America grow and flourish in association with England。 He conducted the difficulty negotiations with France that brought financial and military support for America in the war。 作为殖民地的代表,他不断建议英国改变政策,使美国可以和英国一起发展、繁荣.他说服法国支持美国的独立战争.6)As an
10、author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor, sarcastic.作为作家具有非凡的才能,表达简洁明了,幽默,讽刺天才、7)The Way to Wealth 致富之道 The Autobiography自传 18世纪美国唯一流传至今的自传一、 Benjamin Franklin 本杰明富兰克林1706-1790殖民地时期作家.独立战争前惟一的杰出的美国作家in the colonial period, the only good American author before the Revolutionary W
11、ar。出生于波士顿Boston,曾创办半岛公报。17321758出版穷人理查德的年鉴“Poor Richards Almanac annual collection of proverbs 流行谚语集1.协助杰弗逊起草“独立宣言”aided Jefferson in writing “The Declaration of Independence”。同法国谈判获得援助,后作为议会代表起草美国宪法Constitution.2.其还是美国第一位主要作家the first major writer非凡表达能力,简洁明了,有点幽默,还是一位讽刺天才as an author he had power o
12、f expression, simplicity, a subtle humor. He was also sarcastic辛辣的。3。他最好作品收录在自传“Autobiography。编辑了美国第一份殖民地杂志“General Magazine”二、 Philip Freneau 菲利浦弗瑞诺(1752-1832)1 革命战争后期最杰出作家perhaps the most outstanding writer of the PostRevolutionary period 既是一位诗人也是政治方面的新闻记者double role as poet and political journali
13、st.作品形式是新古典主义类,但本质上却属浪漫主义类he was neoclassical by training and taste yet romantic in essential spirit.一个讽刺小说家、伤感作家、一个人道主义者was also at once a satirist and a sentimentalist, a humanitarian. “美国革命诗人”(the poet of the Revolution);“美国诗歌之父”(Father of American Poetry).2 1770年第1部作品想象的力量(The Power of Fancy)。17
14、75年因出版有关讽刺英国人作品而被认可as a satirist of the British.3 1776年出版夜屋(The House of Night)哥特式小说the Gothic mood. FL帕蒂称它为“在美国听到的第一部真正浪漫主义作品,从中看到了“圣诞老人的美”“the first distinctly romantic note heard in America and “The Beauties of Santa Cruz。作品中既有对社会的抗议,又有对自然的赞美,其后期作品采用了这种风格blending the praise of nature with social
15、protest, in his characteristic later manner。4 1781写下名诗英国囚船(The British Prison Ship)一首抨击色彩诗作,揭露了英国对俘虏的血腥与残忍a good piece of invective, reveals the rigors and brutality of his captivity。此后继续对英国进行无情抨击、辛辣地讽刺continuing to hurl his vitriol at the British in many poems。5 1786年他的早期作品被收录在战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集“The Poem
16、s of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War.6 1788 年出板札记“Miscellaneous Works”。 1791 年创办国家公报对抗联邦公报with Jeffersons support “National Gazette” campaigned against the opinions of the “Gazette of the United States” edited by John Fenno (Supported by Hamilton)。7 他如今被认为是美国政府中的一名勇敢的斗士has only re
17、cently been recognized as a courageous champion of American popular government. 作为诗人,他预示了美国文学独立的到来as a poet, Freneau heralded American literary independence 他后期诗歌同早期华丽的对偶句诗歌形成鲜明对比,后期形成了自然、简洁、言之有物的风格in contrast with the ornate华丽的 style of his early couplets, he later developed a natural, simple, and
18、concrete diction。Philip Freneau 菲利普费瑞诺 poet and political journalist 诗人和政治方面的新闻记者1)perhaps the most outstanding writer of the post-revolutionary period。2)has been called the ”Father of American Poetry 美国诗歌之父The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲;The British Prison Ship英国囚船;To the Memory of the Brave Ame
19、ricans纪念美国勇士-同类诗中最佳;The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花;The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地学习指南:1、Theology dominated the Puritan phase of American writing。 Politics was the next great suject to command the attention of the best minds.2、Freneau was neoclassical by training and taste ye romantic in essential spir
20、it。Part The Literature of Romanticism浪漫主义文学 1815-1865美国文学史复习3(Romanicism)(2009-0117 18:58:09) 一、文学特征:1、Environment:1)shaped by their New World environment 美洲大陆新环境2)array of ideas inherited from the romantic traditons of Europe 欧洲早期浪漫主义思潮2、美国文学特点:pluralistic多元化 manifestations varied 表现形式多样 Individual
21、istic个人主义 conflicting 矛盾3、Romanticism的特点:frequently shared certain general characteristics, moral enthusiam, faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that he natural world was a source of corruption。浪漫主义之间大多是相通的,都注重道德,强调个人主义价值观和直觉感受,并且认为自然是美的源头,人类社会是腐败之源。1、The
22、impact of European Romanticism on American Romanticism. They put emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literaturean increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters。 Heroes and heroines exhibited extremes of sensitivity and excitement.tendency to exalt赞扬 the individu
23、al and the common manThe literary use of the more colorfu1 aspects of the pastAmerican Romanticism is, in a certain way, derivative 2、The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature。 逃离社会,回到自然成为了美国文学永恒的创作习惯。 3、 Nationalism stimulated
24、a greater literary interest in Americas language. American character types speaking local dialects appeared in poetry and fiction with increasing frequency. 受民族主义影响,作家的目光转向了美国本土的语言,具有美国特征的本土方言开始在诗歌和小说中大量涌现。 4、他们都注重道德,强调个人主义价值观及直觉感觉,并且认为自然是美的源头,人类社会是腐败之源moral enthusiasm, faith in the value of individ
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 美国 文学 复习 总结
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【a199****6536】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【a199****6536】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。