新目标2016中考英语主谓一致及倒装句.doc
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1、主谓一致及倒装句【考点分布】1.语法一致 2.意义一致 3.就近一致【考点内容】能够识别主语和句子的时态,使句子的谓语动词与主语在语法上保持一 致。能够识别与谓语动词在意义上一致的单词并正确选择谓语动词。牢 记与谓语动词就近一致的短语和句型,并实现谓语动词的灵活变换。【命题趋势】1.考查there be 的就近原则,集体名词语法一致以及时间、钱、距离做 主语的用法。 2.考查固定句型除There be 外,还有not only. But also.谓语动词的就 近原则1. 语法一致 在一般句子中,句子的谓语要与主语在人称和单复数上保持一致。 即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数
2、形式时,谓语动词就用复数 形式。当and连接两个或多个名词,或both.and.连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生 She has read a lot of interesting books.她读了许多有趣的书。【2014广东省1】 Do you need more time to plete the task? Yes. Another ten days _ enough. A. is B. was C. are D.
3、Were当主语后面有with, along with, together with, like, except, but, as well as等引导的名词或代词时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。 Tom with his parents is watching TV.汤姆和他的父母正在看电视。【2014江苏扬州1】一Where is Mr. Wang? 一He together with his students_ Zhuyuwan Park. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to【2013山东威海4
4、】 Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔1】Neither of the books interesting. I wont buy of them. A. is; either B. are; neither C. is; any【2013新疆乌鲁木齐2】Everyone except Tom and John _ studying for the final test now. A. are B. is C. were D. was
5、 one of+名词复数, the number of +名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 One of the boys is interested in the story.其中有一个男孩对这个故事感兴趣。【2014山东泰安1】 What _ the number of the students in your school? About two thousand. A number of them _ from the countryside. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are【2014山东烟台4】 一 How many girls
6、 are there in your class? _ them _ over twenty. A. A number of, are B. The number of, are C. A number of, is D. The number of, is【2014 甘肃白银3】The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _ smaller and smaller. A. bee B. are being C. is being D. have bee【2013江苏扬州1】A number of tourists _ Ya
7、ngzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to【2013江苏盐城1】Now the number of Chinese people working Africa more than one million. A. isB. are C. was D. were 当一些不定代词,如:somebody, anything, no one, everybody, either, neither, each等作主语时
8、,谓语动词用单数。none作主语时,谓语动词单复数均可。 Something is wrong with my puter.我的电脑出问题了。学科名词作主语,谓语动词用单数【2013四川广安1】Maths _my favourite subject, what about you? Physics_. I think its very interesting Ais:is B. are; are C. are;is“a lot of(lots of,plenty of,a pile of,piles of,most of)名词”和“分数或百分数名词”等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词,
9、如果是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。Lots of people have been there.很多人去过那儿【2014四川内江1】 Mum,_ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. A. one third; have B. one thirds; have C. one third; has D. first three; has 【2014湖南益阳3】 _ of the students in our class _ girls.
10、A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; are由“a pair(a kind,a series.)of复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“pairs(kinds.)of复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作15双鞋。某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves.
11、)作主语时,谓词动词用复数形式。My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。2. 意义一致某些集体名词,如:family, class, government, group等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果侧重其中的成员,谓语动词用复数。 His family is going to move to Beijing.他家将搬到北京去。 The whole family are watching TV.全家人正在看电视。【2014 四川宜宾3】Look! The police _ the food onto the bank of the river.
12、A.am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried连词and连接的并列主语表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数,如果表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。 A famous writer and teacher is going to have a speech in my school. 一位著名的作家兼老师将在我校进行一次演讲。【2014江苏淮安2】Andy, youd better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit good for you. A. is B.
13、 are C. was D. were动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。 What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的对我们所有人都非常重要。【2013贵州安顺3】 Doing exercise good for your health. A. be B. am C. is D. are3.就近一致谓语动词的单复数由离它最近的主语决定。常用的句型有:there be, here be, not only.but also, neither.nor, either.or等。如: Neither you nor he h
14、as been to the city.你和他都不曾到过那个城市。不可数名词、不定代词表示抽象概念作主语时,谓语动词用单数【2014云南】To achieve a bright future,we should _ study hard_keep in good health. I agree with you. A.not;but B.not only;but also C.neither;nor D.either;or【2014四川广安1】Neither Tony nor I _ interested in playing Weibo. You are out. A.am B.is C.a
15、re【2013贵州安顺1】Neither my sister nor I _ been to America before. A. have ever B. have never C. has ever D. has never.【2013辽宁鞍山3】 Neither he nor I_ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be【2013广东2】Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.
16、 A. be B. am C. is D. arethere be句型there be句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为“There be(is,are,was,were)+名词+地点状语”。在具体使用中,应注意以下几点:(1)there be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。There is a basketball in the box.There were many people in the street yesterday.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。There is an orange an
17、d some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.(2)there与be之间可以使用情态动词can,may,must,should,will,be going to等。There must be a pen in the box.There is going to be a meeting tonight.(3)there be句型和have/has的区别:there be句型表示 “存在有”,have/has表示 “拥有”、“所有”,两者不能同时使用。There are three
18、books on the desk.I have three books.(4)“There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语”结构表示“某处有”。There is a wallet lying on the ground.【中考真题训练】1. There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there is nothing on it. A. have B. had C. were D. Was【2012江苏泰州3】Why are you late, Jim? Because there a lot of tr
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