建筑工程专业词汇大全.doc

隧道工程 tunnel engineering
隧道 tunnel
铁路隧道 ；铁道隧道 railway tunnel
公路隧道 highway tunnel
地铁隧道 subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel
人行隧道 pedestrian tunnel
水工隧洞 ；输水隧道 hydraulic tunnel
山岭隧道 mountain tunnel
水下隧道 subaqueous tunnel
海底隧道 ；水下隧道 submarine tunnel；underwater tunnel
土质隧道 earth tunnel
岩石隧道 rock tunnel
浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel;shallow—depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel
深埋隧道 deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel
偏压隧道 unsymmetrical loading tunnel
马蹄形隧道 ；拱形隧道 horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel
圆形隧道 circular tunnel
矩形隧道 rectangular section tunnel
大断面隧道 largecross—section tunnel
长隧道 long tunnel
双线隧道 twin—track tunnel;double track tunnel
曲线隧道 curved tunnel
明洞 open tunnel；opencut tunnel;tunnel without cover；gallery
隧道勘测 tunnel survey
超前探测 drift boring
工程地质勘测 ；工程地质勘探 engineering geological prospecting
隧道测量 tunnel survey
施工测量 construction survey
断面测量 section survey
隧道设计 tunnel design
隧道断面 tunnel section
安全系数 safety coefficient
隧道力学 tunnel mechanics
隧道结构 tunnel structure
隧道洞口设施 facilities of tunnel portal
边墙 side wall
拱顶 arch crown
拱圈 tunnel arch
仰拱 inverted arch
底板 base plate;floor
隧道埋深 depth of tunnel
隧道群 tunnel group
隧道施工 tunnel construction
隧道开挖 tunnel excavation
分部开挖 partial excavation
大断面开挖 large cross—section excavation
全断面开挖 full face tunnelling
开挖面 excavated surface
隧道施工方法 tunnel construction method
钻爆法 drilling and blasting method
新奥法 natm;new austrian tunnelling method
盾构法 shield driving method；shield method
顶进法 pipe jacking method；jack-in method
浅埋暗挖法 sallow buried-tunnelling method
明挖法 cut and cover tunneling;opencut method
地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method；underground wall method
冻结法 freezing method
沉埋法 immersed tube method
管棚法 pipe-shed method
综合机械化掘进 comprehensive mechanized excavation
辅助坑道 auxiliary adit;service gallery
平行坑道 parallel adit
竖井 shaft
斜井 sloping shaft;inclined shaft
导坑 heading
衬砌工艺 lining process
喷锚 ;锚喷 anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray
管段 tube section
接缝 joint
地层加固 reinforcing of natural ground
弃碴 ballast piling
施工监控 construction monitor control
超挖 overbreak
欠挖 underbreak
施工进度 construction progress
隧道贯通 tunnel holing—through
工期 work period
隧道施工机械 tunnel construction machinery
隧道掘进机 tunnelling machine；tunnel boring machine；tbm
单臂掘进机 single cantilever tunnelling machine
全断面掘进机 full face tunnel boring machine
隧道钻眼爆破机械 machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation
装碴运输机械 loading—conveying ballast equipment
衬砌机械 lining mechanism
钢模板 steel form
模板台车 formworking jumbo
混凝土喷射机 ;砼喷射机 concrete sprayer
盾构 shield
泥水盾构 slurry shield
气压盾构 air pressure shield
挤压闭胸盾构 shotcrete closed shield
土压平衡盾构 soil pressure balancing shield
注浆机械 grouting machine
凿岩机 rock drilling machine；air hammer drill
凿岩台车 drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo
围岩 surrounding rock
围岩分类 surrounding rock classification
围岩加固 surrounding rock consolidation
围岩稳定 surrounding rock stability
围岩应力 surrounding rock stress
围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock
山体压力 ;围岩压力 ground pressure；surrounding rock pressure
围岩变形 surrounding rock deformation
围岩破坏 surrounding rock failure
软弱围岩 weak surrounding rock
支护 support
锚喷支护 anchor bolt-spray support
锚杆支护 anchor bolt-support；anchor bolt support
喷射混凝土支护 ;喷射砼支护 shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support
配筋喷射混凝土支护 ;配筋喷射砼支护 reinforced sprayed concrete support
钢架喷射混凝土支护 ;钢架喷射砼支护 rigid—frame shotcrete support
掘进工作面支护 excavation face support
超前支护 advance support
管棚支护 pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support
胶结型锚杆 adhesive anchor bolt
砂浆锚杆 mortar bolt
树脂锚杆 resin anchored bolt
摩擦型锚杆 friction anchor bolt
楔缝式锚杆 slit wedge type rock bolt
涨壳式锚杆 expansion type anchor bolt
机械型锚杆 mechanical anchor bolt
预应力锚杆 prestressed anchor bolt
土层锚杆 soil bolt
岩石锚杆 rock bolt
衬砌 lining
整体式衬砌 integral tunnel lining；integral lining
拼装式衬砌 precast lining
组合衬砌 composite lining
挤压混凝土衬砌 ；挤压砼衬砌 shotcrete tunnel lining;extruding concrete tunnel lining
混凝土衬砌 ;砼衬砌 concrete lining
喷锚衬砌 shotcrete and bolt lining；shotcrete bolt lining
隧道通风 tunnel ventilation
施工通风 construction ventilation
运营通风 operation ventilation
机械通风 mechanical ventilation
自然通风 natural ventilation
隧道射流式通风 ；隧道射流通风 efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation
隧道通风帘幕 curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain
通风设备 ventilation equipment
隧道照明 tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting
照明设备 lighting equipment
隧道防水 tunnel waterproofing；waterproofing of tunnel
防水板 waterproofing board；waterproof board；waterproof sheet
防水材料 waterproof material
隧道排水 tunnel drainage
排水设备 drainage facilites
隧道病害 tunnel defect
衬砌裂损 lining split；lining ＊＊ing
隧道漏水 water leakage of tunnel；tunnel leak
坍方 landslide;slip
地面塌陷 land yielding
涌水 gushing water
隧道养护 tunnel maintenance
堵漏 leaking stoppage
注浆 grouting
化学注浆 chemical grouting
防寒 cold-proof
整治 regulation
限界检查 clearance examination;checking of clearance；clearance check measurement
隧道管理系统 tunnelling management system
隧道环境 tunnel environment
隧道试验 ;隧道实验 tunnel test
试验段 ；实验段 test section
隧道监控量测 ;隧道监控测量 tunnel monitoring measurement
收敛 convergence
隧道安全 tunnel safety
隧道防火 tunnel fire proofing
火灾 fire hazard
消防 fire fighting
隧道防灾设施 tunnel disaster prevention equipment；tunnel anti-disaster equipment
报警装置 ；报警器 alarming device;warning device
通过隧道 passing tunnel
避车洞 refuge hole
避难洞 ;避车洞 refuge recess;refuge hole
电气化铁道工程 ；电气化铁路工程 electrified railway construction
电气化铁道 ；电气化铁路 electrified railway
直流电气化铁道 dc electrified railway
交流电气化铁道 ；交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway
低频电气化铁道 low frequency electrified railway
工频电气化铁道 ；工频电气化铁路 industry frequency electrified railway
电压制 voltage system
电流制 current system
核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density—moisture
路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade
预留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance
反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm
石灰砂桩 lime sand pile
换土 change soil； soil replacement
爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion； discharge of sedimentation by blasting
抛石挤淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation; packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones
路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut
定向爆破 directional blasting
浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting
深孔爆破 deep hole blasting
洞室药包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting
扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting
抛掷爆破 pin—point blasting
松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock
药壶爆破 pot hole blasting
裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting； contact blasting
路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut
堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting
路堑平台 platform of cutting； berm in cutting
弃土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank
挡土墙 retaining wall铁路施工常用英文词汇1
重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall
衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall
锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods； anchored bulkhead retaining wall； anchored plate retaining wall
加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall
锚杆挡墙 anchored bolt retaining wall; anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods
管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall
沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall
抗滑桩 anti—slide pile； counter—sliding pile
护墙 guard walltielu 铁路施工
护坡 slope protection; revertment； pitching
排水沟 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch
边沟;侧沟 side ditch
天沟 gutter; overhead ditch； intercepting ditch
吊沟 suspended ditch
跌水 hydraulic drop
截水沟 intercepting ditch; catch—drain
急流槽 chute
排水槽 drainage channel
渗水暗沟 blind drain
渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel； drainage tunnel
渗井 leaching well； seepage well
渗管 leaky pipe
平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage
反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter; protective filter
检查井 inspection well； manhole
砂井;排水砂井 sand drain
隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer
透水路堤 pervious embankment; permeable embankment
渗水路堤 immerseable embankment
排水砂垫层 sand filled drainage layer； drainage sand blanker
坡面防护 slope protection
护岸 revetment； shore protection
导流堤 diversion dike
拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall; buttree
落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks
柴排 firewood raft； mattress; willow fascine
固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation
挡风墙 wind-break wall
防风栅栏 wind break fence
砂土液化 sand liquefaction
中—活载 CR-live loading； China railway standard loading
桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge
桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum
换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load
设计荷载 design load
主力 principal load
恒载 dead load
土压力 earth load
静水压力 hydrostatic pressure
浮力 buoyancy
列车活载 live load of train
列车离心力 centrifugal force of train
列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train
冲击系数 ceofficient of impact
人行道荷载 sidewalk loading
附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load
列车制动力 braking force of train
列车牵引力 tractive force of train
风荷载 wind load
列车横向摇摆力 lateral swaying force of train
流水压力 pressure of water flow
冰压力 ice pressure
冻胀力 frost heaving force
特殊荷载 particular load
船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft
地震力 seismic force
地震烈度 earthquake intensity
地震震级 earthquake magnitude
施工荷载 constructional loading
荷载组合 loading conbination
铁路桥 railway bridge
公铁两用桥 combined bridge； combined highway and railway bridge； combined rail-cum—road bridge
跨线桥；立交桥 overpass bridge; grade separation bridge； flyover
高架桥 viaduct
旱桥 dry bridge
人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge
圬工桥 masonry bridge
钢桥 steel bridge
铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge
栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge
全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge
摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt
扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot
螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator
混凝土桥 concrete bridge
钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge
预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge
先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder
后张法预应力梁 post—tensioned prestressed concrete girder
部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed concrete bridge
结合梁桥 composite beam bridge
低高度梁 shallow girder
无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper
型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder
简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge
连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge
悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge
板桥 slab bridge
空心板桥 hollow slab bridge
板梁 plate girder
工形梁 I-beam
箱形梁 box girder
槽形梁 trough girder
桁架 truss
拆装式桁架 demountable truss
刚架桥;刚构桥 rigid frame bridge
斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge
悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge
悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge
斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge
浮桥 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge
拱桥 arch bridge
固端拱；无铰拱 fixed—end arch
双铰拱 two-hinged arch
三铰拱 three—hinged arch
实腹拱 spandrel—filled arch； solid—spandrel arch
空腹拱 open—spandrel arch
双曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved arch
系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch
榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge； flexible arch bridge with rigid tie
洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥 Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders
尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge
尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥 Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders
活动桥 movable bridge
竖旋桥 bascule bridge
平旋桥 swing bridge
升降桥 lift bridge
正交桥 right bridge
斜交桥 skew bridge
曲线桥 curved bridge
曲梁 curved beam
特大桥 super maior bridge
大桥 major bridge
中桥 medium bridge
小桥 minor bridge
单线桥 single track bridge
双线桥 double track bridge
多线桥 multi—track bridge
正桥; 主桥 main bridge
引桥 approach spans
上承式桥 deck bridge
半穿式桥；中承式 half through bridge; midheight deck bridge
下承式桥 through bridge
双层桥 double-deck bridge
永久性桥 permanent bridge
临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge
跨径;跨度 span
净跨 clear spam
桥梁全长 overall length of bridge
桥下净空 underneath clearance
主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder
节间长度 panel length
梁高 depth of girder
拱度 camber
挠度 deflection
节间 panel
锚跨；锚孔 anchor span
悬跨；吊孔 suspended span
桥梁上部结构 superstructure
腹板 web plate
翼缘 flange
翼缘板 flange plate
弦杆 chord member
腹杆 web member
斜杆 diagonal member
竖杆 vertical member
吊杆 suspender hanger
加劲杆 stiffener
节点 panel point
节点板 gusset plate
拼接板 splice plate
缀条 lacing bar
缀板 stay plate; tie plate
侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing
横联 sway bracing
制动撑架 braking bracing
桥门架 portal frame
纵梁 stringer
横梁 floor beam； transverse beam
桥面系 floor system
端横梁 end floor beam
起重横梁 jacking floor beam
梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change
应变时效 strain ageing
碳当量 carbon equivalent
钢丝 steel wire
钢丝束 bundled steel wires
钢绞线 steel strand
钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar
箍筋 stirrup
纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement
弯起钢筋 bent—up bar
架立钢筋 erection bar
构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement
预应力筋 tendon
套管 sheath
梁腋 haunch
拱圈 arch ring
拱肋 arch rib
拱顶 rach crown
拱矢 rise of arch
起拱点 springing
拱腹 soffit
拱腹线 intrados
拱背钱 extrados
桥塔 bridge tower； pylon
索平面 cable plane
缆索 cable
斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable
吊缆 suspension cable
索鞍 cable saddle
索夹 cable band; cable clamp
锚座 socket
锚碇 anchorage
明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor
桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough
道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor
桥梁护轨 guard rall of bridge
桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge
桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper
桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge
步行板 foot plank
避车台 refuge platform
伸缩缝 expansion joint
正交异性板 orthotropic plate
栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing
泻水孔 drainage opening
直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders
抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector
支座 bearing
固定支座 fixed bearing
活动支座 expension bearing; movable bearing
平板支座 plate bearing
摇轴芝座 rocker bearing
滚轴支座 roller bearing
球面支座 spherical bearing
板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing
盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing
聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing
涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation
弛振 galloping
颤振 flutter
扰流板 spoiler
风嘴 wind fairing
桥梁自振周期 natural vibration period of bridge
浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating
架桥机架设法 erection by bridge girder erecting equipment
顶推式架设法 erection by incremental launching
拖拉架设法 launching method
赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding
悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion
悬臂灌注法 cast-in—place cantilever construction； free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork
悬臂拼装法 cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete
预制混凝土构件 precast concrete units; precast concrete members
活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span—by—span construction using form traveller
桥梁合龙 closure
就地贯注法 cast—in—place method； cast—in—situ method
活动吊篮 travelling cradle
顶进法 jack-in method
旋转法施工;转体施工 erection by swing method
液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack
桥梁下部结构 substructure
桥台 abutment
重力式桥台 gravity abutment
埋置式桥台 buried abutment
锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutment
U形桥台 U—shaped abutment
耳墙式桥台 abutment with cantilevered retaining wall
台身 abutment body
前墙 front wall
台帽 abutment coping
翼墙 wing wall
锥体护坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone banking
台后填方 filling behind abutment
桥墩 pier
空心桥墩 hollow pier
实体桥墩 solid pier
重力式桥墩 gravity pier
柔性桥墩 flexible pier
拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units
制动墩 braking