外研版高一英语必修一第二单元.doc

2 一 小测验.课标单词1. _ adj. 有趣的；可笑的 _adj. 感到有趣的 _vt. 使愉快 amusement n. 乐趣， 娱乐2energetic adj.精力充沛的 _n精力3nervous adj.紧张的；焦虑的 _ n. 神经紧张；焦虑4. _ adj.有组织的；有系统的organizer n组织者 _ v组织 _n组织5. _adj. 耐心的 _ n耐心6. _ v. 感激， 欣赏 appreciation n感激， 欣赏7scientific adj. 科学的 _ n. 科学 _ n. 科学家8. _ n总结；摘要；提要summarize vt.总结；概述9. _ n复习revise vt.复习； 修订， 修改10. _ adj.正式的 _ adj.非正式的11relaxed adj.轻松的；宽松的 _ adj.令人轻松的 _vt.使轻松relaxation n轻松；放松12 _adv.同样地；类似地 _ adj.同样的；类似的similarity n. 相似.常用短语1_确定， 确信；查明2_犯错误3_取得进步4_不断/总是做某事 5_结果6_在某方面干得好7_事实上8_睡着9_讲笑话；开玩笑10_厌倦了11_宁愿， 宁可12_适用于， 合乎的事实二 知识点总结1avoidvt. (to prevent sth. bad from happening；to stay away from sb. or sth.) 避免， 逃避， 躲避， 回避avoid sth./sb.躲避某事或某人avoid doing sth. 避免做某事【相关拓展】只跟v. ing形式 (不可用不定式)作宾语的常见动词及动词短语有：mind, risk, practise, keep, consider, miss, suggest, enjoy, delay, admit, escape, finish, appreciate, imagine, give up, insist on, cant help, be worth, look forward to, get down to等。【活学活用】(1) Road safety should be taught to young children to_ _.应该教给小孩子们道路安全规则以避免道路事故。(2) I try to avoid _on Saturdays because the stores are so crowded. 我尽量不在星期六上街购物， 因为星期六商店里到处都是人。2appreciatevt. (to value highly; to be grateful for sth. that sb. has done )欣赏， 赏识；感激(1) appreciation n欣赏， 赏识；感激(2) appreciate (one/ones) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事【经典句式】I would appreciate it if如果， 我将不胜感激。【温馨提示】enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词后加it后跟if或when从句， 构成固定句型。如：I dont like it when people speak with their mouth full.我不喜欢人们满嘴食物时说话。【活学活用】(1) I really appreciate your _ me that great favour yesterday.我非常感激你昨天帮了我很大的忙。(2) _you could turn the music down. 如果你把音乐调小一些， 我将不胜感激。(3)Her abilities _by her employer.她的才干没有完全得到雇主的赏识。3admitvt. (to allow sb./sth. to enter)许可进入， 接受某人(入院或入学等)；(to say that you have done sth. wrong) 承认， 供认(常为不情愿地)(1) admission n. 承认；允许进入；入场费(2) admit sb./sth. to/into允许进入/加入be admitted to/into 被接收(3) admit doing sth. 承认做了【经典句式】It is generally admitted that普遍认为【活学活用】(1)George would never _. 乔治从不认错。 (2)Through her hard work, she _Peking University. 通过努力学习， 她最后被北京大学录取。4preferv. (to like better)更喜欢prefer (doing/n. )to (doing/n. )喜欢尤胜于prefer to dorather than do 宁愿做而不愿做【活学活用】Some people nowadays prefer _during the golden week rather than _out for holidays. Some people nowadays prefer _during the golden week to _ out for holidays. 现在有些人喜欢在黄金周期间呆在家里而不是外出度假。5as a result因此， 结果(1) as a result _由于(2) as a consequence 因此， 结果as a consequence of 由于的结果(3)result _造成；导致result from 因发生【情景记忆】【活学活用】(1) _the pilots strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.由于飞行员的罢工， 所有的航班都取消了。(2) He had his leg injured. _, he had to stay in bed for two weeks. 他的腿受伤了， 结果不得不在床上躺了两周。(3) His failure _carelessness. 他的失败是由于粗心造成的。6 keep doing sth.继续/反复做某事 keep sb. doing使某人一直做keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做keep up 使保持、维持(在同一水平)；使不低落；继续keep _with 跟上， 不落后keep on 继续【易混辨析】keep doing和keep on doing (1)keep doing：cause a process or state to continue使某一过程或状态继续。如：keep smiling 保持微笑， 再笑一笑(2)keep on doing：continue doing sth.；do sth. frequently or repeatedly继续做某事；不断或反复做某事。如：I wish you wouldnt keep on interrupting me. 我真希望你不要总是打断我。由此可见， keep doing更强调“状态的持续， 继续”， 而keep on doing更强调“动作的反复”， 但现在这两个短语意义经常混用。【温馨提示】 keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不能省略， 注意不要和keep sb. doing 混淆。另外与keep sb. from doing意义相似的短语prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.在主动语态中from可以省略， 被动语态中不可以。【活学活用】(1)Please keep the fire _. It is too cold here. 请让火一直烧着， 这里太冷了。(2) _until you reach a large roundabout. 继续走， 直到你到达一个宽阔的环状交叉路口。(3)What kept you _? 什么使你没能来？7 make sure (of sth./that)确保，查明，核实，弄清楚be sure to do sth.一定/务必做某事for sure 无疑， 肯定， 有把握地be/feel sure _ 确信， 深信【温馨提示】在make sure的从句中， 如果是谈将来的事情， 要用一般现在时而不是将来时。【活学活用】(1)I think the doors locked, but Id better go and _ _ . 我想门已经锁了， 但我最好还是去查看一下。(2)You must _the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。 8 would rather宁愿， 宁可(1)would rather do sth.宁愿做某事would rather have done sth. 宁愿做过某事 (但事实上没做)(2) would rather do A than do B宁愿做A也不做B(3) would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事(用于虚拟语气， 谈现在和将来的情况) would rather sb. had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事(谈过去的情况， 但过去的事实是：没有做)【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)Even though the city was under attack, some old people would rather _. 虽然城市正遭受攻击， 但是一些老人就是不愿意撤离。(2)On hot summer days, Id rather go out swimming in the river _enjoying air conditioners. 在炎热的夏日， 我宁愿外出到河里游泳也不愿呆在家里享受空调。(3) I _yesterday. 我宁愿昨天已经做了这份工作。2. 单项填空 Id rather you _ about it. I dont want to tell you about it. Adont know Bdidnt know Chadnt known Dhavent known【解析】 B由第二句话可知“你不知道这件事”，因此would rather后面的从句中表达的是与现在相反的虚拟，因此用一般过去时。 9句型公式so that引导的状语从句主句so that(结果状语从句)主句so thatcan/could/may/might/will/would(目的状语从句) Ive always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs Li just smiles, so that you dont feel pletely stupid. 我一直讨厌说英语时出错或读错单词， 但是李老师只是笑笑， 那样你就不会感到自己很笨。【归纳比较】(1)so that引导的目的状语从句中常会有情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would等， 可与in order that 互换；而so that引导的结果状语从句中一般没有情态动词， 有时可以和sothat互换。(2)so that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号， 而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往用逗号隔开(即略作停顿)。10 句型公式with 复合结构， 在句中表状态或说明背景情况， 常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 with名词 prep. phrase 强调名词的特性或状态adj. 强调名词的特性或状态to do 强调不定式动作尚未发生doing 强调名词与v.ing分词之间是主动关系或某动作、状态正在进行done 强调名词与v.ed分词之间是被动关系或动作已经发生 ， but I think Ill do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me. 但我想， 有陈老师教我， 我一定会考好的【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)We went through the forest without any difficulty with the guide _ us. 有导游的引导， 我们毫不费力地穿过了森林。(2)With the windows _, it is cooler. 窗户开着， 凉快多了。2. 单项填空 _ his pen _ , he had to borrow one from me.AWith; lost BFor; lostCWith; losing DBecause; lost 【解析】 A考查with复合结构。for和because都是连词，后面要跟句子，要说because his pen was/had been lost, 而且for表原因时引导的句子要放在后面，因此排除B、D。 with后面可以跟复合结构，his pen与lose之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。故选A。三 基础训练选词填空make progress， in fact， get bored with， would rather， be true of 1Our monitor is very clever; _, he is the cleverest in our class. 2He is such a person that he wont _staying at home all day. 3Many people like staying up, and this _me. 4I am glad that I am _in my studies. 5I _not say. You know, its a secret. 单项填空1Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories.A. amused B. amusingC. to amuse D. to be amused2If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my _ reaction will be to tell the police.A. physical B. immediateC. sensitive D. sudden3I think you should plain _， of course, you are happy with the way things are.Aif Bunless Cas Dbecause4Ken, _ , but your TV is going too loud. Oh, Im sorry. Ill turn it down right now. AId like to talk with youBIm really tired of thisCI hate to say thisDI need your help5. If you leave the club, you will not be _ back in. Areceived BadmittedCturned Dmoved6e on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. Afilled BfillingCto fillDbeing filled7He began to take political science _ only when he left school. Astrictly BtrulyCcarefully Dseriously 8With no better way to express feelings of love and _ , its easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mothers Day.Aappreciation Binspiration Csatisfaction Dambition9Ill look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little _ . Await BtimeCpatience Drest10No one can avoid _ by advertisements. Ato be influenced Bbeing influenced Cinfluencing Dhaving influence10【解析】 B考查avoid的用法。avoid 后面要加动名词作宾语。句意：没有人能够避免被广告影响。因此用being influenced。 9【解析】 C考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知说话者要求对方要耐心以便等待调查结果。因此选C，patience耐心。而wait是指“等待”这一具体的动作。8【解析】 Aappreciation 意为“感激，感谢”；inspiration 意为“灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”；satisfaction 意为“满意”；ambition 意为“抱负， 雄心， 野心”。appreciation符合句意。7【解析】 D考查副词词义辨析。take something seriously 意思是：认真对待某物。6【解析】 B考查with复合结构。在with复合结构中work与fill是逻辑上的主动关系，因此要用现在分词，表示“很多工作占据了我的大脑”。5【解析】 B考查动词词义辨析。admit允许进入。4【解析】 C考查交际用语。I hate to say this意为：我真不想说，但3【解析】 B考查连词。句意：我想你应该抱怨当然除非你对现在的状况满意。unlessif not，正符合语义。2【解析】 B考查形容词词义辨析。由句意“如果我发现某人长相酷似疑犯，我的第一反应是报告给警察”。physical身体上的；immediate立即的，立刻的；sensitive敏感的；sudden突然的。1【解析】 A考查非谓语动词。根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词构成被动关系，故用keepsb./sth.done结构。