中考英语语法思维导图之定语从句.docx

中考英语定语从句精讲
定语

形容词
介词短语
非谓语动词短语
前置I have a good friend.
后置I want to do something interesting.
后置The boy in white is my friend.
后置I don’t have a house to live in.
修饰名词或代词的成分
常译为“…的”
句子
后置I like students who like English.

定语从句结构图解

定语从句

引导词
特殊情况
注意事项
先行词是人，用who
先行词非人，用which
宾格whom
用that不用which的条件
用which不用that的条件
无引导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，引导词可省略
先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数由先行词决定
one of+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用复数
the (only) one of, the very/right+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用单数
作定语的句子，即“…的”
可以作名词或代词的定语
万能钥匙that

引导词用that，不用which的条件

①先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；
②先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；
③先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰；
④先行词是不定代词all, everything, one等词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；
⑤先行词中既有人又有物；

⑥主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句；

⑦There be 句型中

引导词用which，不用 that的条件

①引导词前有介词，如：in which;on which;with whom
②先行词是that, those

不用that的条件
介词后用whom，which，不用that

人
主
who
关系代词
引导词
人
宾
whom
物
主/宾
which
人/物
主/宾
that
人/物
定
whose=of whom人 =of which物
时间
状
when=in which/ on which=at which
关系副词
地点
状
where=in which/ at which
原因
状
why=for which
(三年经典）2011-2013全国各地中考英语试题精选:定语从句
【2011广西百色】 34。The policeman caught the thief ______ has stolen Mr。 Li’s computer。
A. which B。 whose C. whom D. who
答案： D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词，which 用于指事儿;whose“谁的”； whom“谁”是宾格； who“谁”，是主格，先行词指人,关系代词在从句中作主语，所以要用主作格.
（2011桂林）37。 The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.
A. that B。 where C. who D。 when
37。答案：A
【解析】连词的用法。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断，先行词为人时用who或that，先行词为物时用which或that。此题中先行词basketball为物因此用that，故选A。
【河北省2011】43。 The teacherscame for a visit are foreigners.
A。 who B。 whomC。 whose D。 which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。who 指代人，在从句做主语和宾语；whom指代人，在从句做宾语;whose指代谁的，在从句做定语；which指代物，在从句做主语和宾语。此处修饰先行词是“人”而且在从句中作主语，用who引导。故选A.
【2011•河南省】32。 Tony， tell me the result of the discussion_____ you had with your dad yesterday.
a. what B。 which C。 when D。 who
32。答案：考查定语从句。该句的先行词为the discussion，故用which做关系代词,在从句中做宾语。语意:…告诉我你和你父亲讨论的结果.注意：what不是关系词;when做关系副词在从句中做时间状语；who做关系代词时，先行词必须是人。
【2011黑龙江绥化市】()18。 This is the camera______my uncle gave me for my birthday.
A. which B。 who C。 what
答案：A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句中先行词是名词camera,故用that或which。
【2011广西南宁市】31。My grandparents like to live in a house _______ is not very big but bright and comfortable。
A.that B。who C。what D。whose
31。 答案:A
【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断,先行词为人时用who或that,先行词为物时用which或that。此题中先行词house为物因此用that，故选A.
【2011贵州贵阳】41。 Mary Smith says she likes to have friends_________ are different from her.
A. whose B。 which C。 who
答案:C
【解析】这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是人，故排除B,同时又在从句中作主语,故应用who.
【2011湖南湘西】24. Do you know the girl _________ is singing in the classroom?
A. when B。 who C。 which
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词 定语从句修饰人时用that 和 who，这里只能选B.
（2011湖南岳阳中考） 30.I can't forget the timethe earthquake happened in Yushu。
A。 when B. which C。 where
解析：本题考查定语从句。the time表时间，故答案选A。
【2011山东滨州】33。 I hate people _________don't help others when they are in trouble.
A。 who B. which C。 whose D. where
答案：A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法.由先行词people 决定定语从句的引导词指人，并且作主语,因此排除B，D。whose“谁的”，用作定语,故选A。
【浙江湖州】 21。- What kind of movies do you like?
- I like the movies ____ are about Chinese history。
A。 who B。 whom C。 whose D。 that
答案：D
【解析】考查定语从句的用法.句意:－你喜欢哪种电影?－我喜欢关于中国历史的影片。先行词the movies为物，要用指物的关系代词that。排除其他选项。故选D.
【2011浙江衢州】23. The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Beijing so famous.
A。 what B. which C. who D。 why
答案:B
【解析】定语从句。定语从句修饰 the rich culture, 先行词是物，用which。
【2011•四川成都】34。 The old man asked the girl to take another seat he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. because B。 so that C. so
答案：B
【解析】考查连词及状语从句。由句意知：那位老人让那个女孩坐另一座位的“目的”就是想坐到妻子旁边。故用so that（以便)引导目的状语从句。
【2011•四川成都】42. Kate was so gladshe received a Christmas gift from his grandparents away in Thailand。
A。 that B。 when C. if
答案：B
【解析】考查连词及状语从句.句意：Kate收到她远在泰国的祖父母的礼物时，是那么的高兴。注意：不要误认为是“so。。.that”引导的结果状语从句。因为后面从句不是前面主句的结果.
【2011四川绵阳】14. The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married。
A。 whom B。 which C。 who D。 whose
答案：C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人,作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语,而“the girl”指人，故选C.
12。【2011•扬州】One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou ________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake。
A。 what B。 whoC。 that D. /
答案:C
【解析】定语从句。根据句意：被外国旅游者参观的最著名的地方是西湖.Are often visited by foreigners修饰先行词places。
【2011湖北黄冈】38。 —Who is your new head teacher this semester？
—The woman _______ is wearing a red skirt。
A。 whom B. who C。whose D。 which
答案：B
【解析】关系代词的用法。本题先行词“the woman"为“人”,故选择关系代词who。
【2011•铜仁】32。 Li Mei is the student _________ handwriting is the best in our class。
A. whose B。 whom C。 who D。 that
答案:A
【解析】定语从句的用法。who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物.whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。由handwriting可推断关系代词做定语，故选A.
【2011呼和浩特】10. ---— Is there anyone here name isBetty?
—-—— Sorry， I don't know。
A。 who B. which C。whom D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词anyone 是人,在定语从句中做name的定语，所以应用关系代词whose。
【2011四川达州】24.—Where did you go last week？
 —I went to Zhang Aiping’s hometown and visited the house he was born in。
 A. that B. there C。 who D。 whose
答案：A
【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法.根据上下文语境语意：—上个星期你去哪了?—我去了张爱萍的家乡，参观了她出生的地方。先行词“that”修饰“house",故本题选A.
【2011•四川南充】26。 Is that the man_______ helped us a lot after the earthquake?
A. which B。 who C. whom
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句及关系代词用法辨析。句中先行词为the man，又因为关系词需要做helped的主语，故选who.注意：用which时，先行词只能是物;而whom只能做宾语。
（2011四川资阳）20。—I hear that Lily's brother is a worker here。
—Look， the man _________ is working over there is her brother。
A。 who B。 whom C。 what D。 which
答案：A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。who “代替人”作主语或者宾语；whom “代替人"作宾语；what不用于宾语从句；which“代替物”作主语或者宾语；先行词为人， 在从句中作主语。 故选A。
【2011天津】44。 John is the boy_____ legs were badly hurt in the accident。
A。 whose B。 that C。 who D。 which
答案：A
【解析】 定语从句. 先行词是人排除D，根据句意：谁的腿，用Whose。
【2011清远】33。 Have you read the book _____ is about the moon？
A. what B. it C。 / D。 which
答案D
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。前置语为the book名词,用which代替。it 和what不能作定语从句的引导词.
【2011•宁夏】（ )23. —Do you know the girl __is talking to our English teacher？
-Yes. She's my sister。
A. who B。 whom C。 which D. Whose
答案：A
【2011河源】32。I hate those ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A.who B。which C。what D。where
答案：A
【2011哈尔滨】29。 ”Get new knowledge by reviewing the old" is a famous saying by Confucius（孔子）。 He was a great thinkerwords still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today。
A。 whoB。 who’s C。 whose
答案：C
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为人（thinker），引导词后的成分(words),words的定语为先行词。故用whose.
【2011乌鲁木齐】30。 We don’t like people _ talk too much but never do anything。
A。whose B。who C。when D。which
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词people是人,在定语从句中做主语,故用关系代词who.
【2011梧州】43。 –Do you know the boy ___ is standing under the tree？
—— Yes, he is my friend， Peter.
A。 what B。 who C。 whom D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词the boy是“人"，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who.
【2011福建莆田】37。 -What did he say just now?
-He asked me_________，
A。 when my sister came back
B。 when did my sister come back
C. when will my sister come back
答案A
【解析】宾语从句的考查。宾语从句应该是陈述句语序，主句中he asked me是一般过去时，故从句也应该是过去时态总的一种。
【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】31。—Do you knowthe girl in white is？
—I’m not sure. Maybe she is a doctor。
A。 how B. where C. what
答案：C
【2011浙江杭州】23. Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there？
A。 that B。 which C。 whose D. What
答案:A
【解析】定语从句的用法.句意：那边正在读书的人是谁？先行词man指人，从句中缺少主语，用that。whose做从句的定语.which做引导词时，先行词必须指物。故选A。
【2011浙江金华】26.   - Do you know        ?
　— Sorry， I don’t have a watch.
　A。   whose watch this is                          B.   whose watch is this
C。   what time it is                               D。   what time is it
答案:C
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应为陈述语序。排除B和D。由答语句意“我没有手表”可推断问句提问的是时间.故选C。
【2011山东临沂】24。 Peter likes music _________is very loud and energetic。
A。 that B。 who C。 whom D。 /
答案：A
【解析】定语从句引导词的用法。由句意“彼得喜欢声音大而且有力量的音乐”可知后句为定语从句。that 用来指人或物，who 用来指人，which 用来指物。先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，用that。故选A。
【2011浙江舟山】23。 There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week。
A。 who B。 when C. which D。 what
答案：C
【解析】关系代词的用法。 此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum。
【2011四川内江】35。 I’m going to start a club to help students _____ are not interested in schoolwork。
A。 whose B。 who C。 whom
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句.根据句意,我打算创办一个兴趣小组去帮助那些对学习不感兴趣的学生.从help students看出应该使用指人的关系代词,而且作从句的主语。故选B。
【2011•株洲】Gina loves singers _______ write their own music。
A. which B。 who C. has worked
答案：B
【解析】定语从句的用法.本句意思为“吉娜喜欢自己作曲的歌手”，后面write their own music “自己作曲”做定语修饰singer“歌手”，而which一般引导事物，who一般用于引导人,本题用于修饰singer是一个人，因此空格处的关系代词为who。
【2011•广州】The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
A. whose B。 who C。 that D. where
4。答案：C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在报纸上我读的故事是关于青少年一个普遍的问题。先行词指物，且做宾语，故选C。
【2011湖北十堰】38。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year。
A。 who B。 where C。 when D。 which
答案：A
【解析】定语从句.从several of the students看出应用关系代词who指人.故选A。
【2011肇庆】30。 People from different places come to visit Zhaoqing ______ is famous for its beautiful mountains and lakes.
A。 what B. whichC。 who
答案:B
【解析】定语从句的引导词。先行词是Zhaoqing，是地方，排除C；what不能作定语从句的引导词。
【2011湖南长沙】28。 ——-What are you looking for?
-——I'm looking for the book ________ you lent me yesterday。
A。 that B。 who C。 whose
答案：A
【解析】定语从句。句意:你在找什么？我在找你昨天借给我的那本书。you lent me yesterday做定语修饰the book,故应该用that引导，故答案为A.
【2011广东】44. The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.
A. which B。 that C。 why D. who
答案: B
【解析】本题考查定语从句that的用法。在定语从句中先行词为当先行词是不定代词all， much， something， everything， anything， nothing， none， the one， thing时，不定代词用that。 在定语从句中当先行词为物时，用which或that; C项为副词，在定语从句充当状语，与题意不符，故排除.D项当先行词为人时，用who或whom. 故选B。
【2011本溪】10。 He is a person ______ is easy to get along with。
A. who B。 which C。 whom D。 what
答案：A
【2011山东菏泽】31。 I’ ll never forget the day_____ the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech.
A. that B。 which C。 when D。 where
答案: C
【解析】定语从句的用法.句意：我从来不会忘记这位伟大的科学家来我们学校给我们做演讲的这一天。从句中有主语，也有宾语，可判断先行词做状语，表示时间用when。that和which是关系代词，做主语或宾语；where做状语时表示地点。故选C。
【2011湖南株洲】28. People often like clothes ______ can make them look young.
A。 whenB。 whoC. that
【答案】C
考查定语从句的引导词.定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或
that引导,故选C。
【2012贵州贵阳】37。 “What do you think of the school uniforms?”“Very good。 I like clothes ______ make me feel comfortable。"
A. that B。 what C。 who
【答案】A
考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物"，所以，定语从句的引导词用which
或that引导。根据句意:你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好,我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服.故选C.
【2012贵州贵阳】37。 “What do you think of the school uniforms？"“Very good. I like clothes ______ make me feel comfortable。”
A. that B. what C. who
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导。根据句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀?很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。故选C。
【2012广东】42。 There will be a flower show in the parkwe visited last week。
A. who B。 when C。 what D. Which
【答案】D
【2012广西玉林】37。 —Now many people smoke and get ill。
—So we should do something ______ can help stop smoking。
A. what B。 who C。 / D。 that
【答案】D
【2012 湖北黄石】30.I still remember the time_____we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.
A。when B。what C。who D.which
【答案】D
【2012湖北十堰】38。 One of the most delicious drinks _________ I like is orange juice。 ［
A. whichB. that C。 whose D。 whom
【答案】B
【2012湖北随州】35。 —There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister？
-The one ______hat is yellow。
A。 who B. whose C。 that D。 which
【答案】B
【2012湖北咸宁】29. We all like the story about the teacher _______ happened in our school last week。 A
A。 which B。 who C。 whom D。 what
【答案】A
【2012江苏南京】7。 The English—Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value。
A. whose B。 when C。 who D。 that
【答案】D
【2012江苏扬州】12。 Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher gave her love to her students in danger。
A。 who B. that C。 whom D。 which
【答案】B
【2012 呼和浩特】9. The little boy was wrapping the present _____ world be sent to his teacher。
A. who B。 / C. what D. that
【答案】D
【2012广东省梅州市】35。 Mr。 Smith __________ is smoking is looking for________ she lost yesterday。
A。 whom； which B。 who； what C。 that； who D。 which； where
【答案】B
【2011河南】33。 Success will belong to those ________never say ”impossible”。
A. whom B。 what C. who D。 which
【答案】C
【2012 山东滨州】33. —What are you looking for?
-I’m looking for the ring ______my husband bought me last year.
A。 that B。 whoC. whom D. it
【答案】A
【2012山东泰安】38. I hate people ______ talk much but do little。
A。 who B。 which C。 whose D。 whom
【答案】A
28．Piano is a word________ was originally borrowed from Italian．
A．where B．who C．which D．whose
【解析】C。考查定语从句引导词。句中先行词为word，表示“物”，用which或that引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语.
【 2012四川成都】36。 It’s interesting that there are many people speak French in Canada。
A。 which B. where C. who
【答案】C【2012四川达州】23。 —Do you enjoy My heart will go on?
-No, I prefer songs loud.
A。 that isB. which isC. that areD。 what are
【答案】C
【2012绵阳市】20。 I can never forget the stories________ my grandma told me。
A. what B. who C。 them D。 that
【答案】D
【2012四川宜宾】26。 This is the primary school ______ I studied three years ago。
A。 where B. when C。 that D。 which
【答案】A
【2012天津】44。 Please pass me the cartoon book _________ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.
A。 whom B. whose C. who D。 which
【答案】D
【2012浙江湖州】21.-What kind of movies do you like?
。 —I like the move ______ are about Chinese history。
A。 who B。 whom C. whose D which
【答案】D
【2012浙江嘉兴】21。 Most studentslike the teachersunderstand them well
A。 who B. when C. what D. which
【答案】A
【2012浙江衢州】27. — What are you looking for ？
— I’m looking for the pen________my father gave me last week.
A- who B。 which C， whose D。 whom
【答案】B
【2012贵州黔东南州】29_ —-- Do you know the girl_____ is helping the old woman。
—Oh， that’s my sister，
A。whom B。whose C.who D。where
【答案】C
【2012山东·东营市】26. Steve Jobs is one of the persons founded Apple Computer Company。 His death marked the end of an era （时代）.
A。 who B. whom C。 which D. /
【答案】A
【2013河南】32。 A friend is someone______ says, ”What！ You too？ I thought