过去完成时态讲解及练习讲解学习.doc

过去完成时态讲解及练习精品文档 完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成： 肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词 否定式：hadnt + 动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had + 动词的过去分词 简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had. No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法2) 过去完成时适用场合1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。4. 过去完成时也用于hardly.when., no sooner.than., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. He _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing.A. studied, had gone B. had studied, wentC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone解析：他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年 。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。2. Mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。3. Xiao Pei said she _ Hainan for 3 months.A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to解析：小培说她去了海南三个月 。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.时态综合例题：-What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ? -They _ tea in the garden. A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink2. My mother often asks me _early . A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up3. Soon Wu Dong _ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck. A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brought4. The car _and stopped at the red traffic light. A. got on B. got off C. slowed down D. picked up5. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had6. -Do you know _? -Sorry, but if he _ back, I _ you know as soon as possible.A. when will he be back, comes, will let B. when he will be back, will come, will letC. what time will he be back, will come, let D. what time he will be back, comes, will let7. We _ to the park if it is fine tomorrow. A. will go B. have gone C. go8. A new shoe factory will _ in this part of the city. A. be building B. be built C. build9. -_ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there. -OK, Mom. A. Put up B. Put on C. Put down D. Put away10. - How about going hiking this weekend? - Sorry, I prefer to _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. stay at home, go out D. going out, stay at home一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：1. A policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phone on the bus and he caught them at once.A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Lets _them success.A.wish B.to wish C.hope D.to hope3. He is so careless that he always _his school things at home.A.forgets B.forgot C.leaves D.left4. -Who _the computer? I want to use it. -Timmy. He _ it for a week.A.borrowed, has borrowed B.has borrowed, boughtC.has borrowed, has kept D.bought, has borrowed5. Look! One of the girls _the door.A.cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning6. If you dont feel well, you may just _.stopped reading B.stop reading C.stopped to read D.stop to read7. -Where can we get a baseball? -Lets _.A. lend Jim one B.lend one to JimC.borrow one from Jim D.borrow one of Jim8. -My model ship doesnt work. -Dont worry. Ill have it _this afternoon.A. repairing B.made C.repaired D.mend9. You _wash your hands before meals.A. need B.must C.can D.may10. Will you _the light? Its dark in the room.A.get on B.get off C.turn on D.turn off11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may _me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang.A. ask B.say C.tell D.call12. There is going to _a game in our school this afternoon.A.has B.have C.be D.are13. Youd better_smoking. Its bad for your health.A.eat up B.give up C.come up D.get up14. -How do you like this book? -I think it has nothing to_with our study.A. make B.do C.take D.hold15. -Where is Mr Brown? I have some questions to ask him. -He _the office.A. has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has gone in16.The bus kept the people _for twenty minutes.A. wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waits17.I believe the scientists will_a better way to heal the disease.A. get on with B.come up with C.go on with D.catch up with18.-Why do you often _this pink blouse? -Because it fits me well.A. put on B.wear C.buy D.try on19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he _him.A. went over B.fell behind C.put off D.dropped off20. The Internet _it easy to get much new information in a short time.A. finds B.makes C.feels D.takes参考答案：1-5 BACCB 6-10 BCCBC 11-15 DCBBC 16-20 CBBBB二、选择最佳答案填空(动词时态)：1. We _out by that time that he_ a thief for a longtime. A. had found, had been B. had found, was C. found, had been D. found, was2. It so happened that they_ the novel before. A. had read B. would read C. were reading D. read3.She_ for nearly two hours. A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking4.Spring_ after winter.A. comes B. came C. has come D. had come5.-I hear some noise in the next room. -Oh, yes. Your sister_ there.A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying6.All the students_ to plant trees and theres nobody in the classroom.A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go7. Stop! A little boy_ the street.A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed8. The girl_ to milk since last winter.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn9. What_ to you this morning?A. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened10. -The old man looks healthy.-Yes. He_ some running after he gets up. A. does B. did C. has done D. will do11. She didnt pass the exams because she_ her lessons well.A. wasnt prepared B. wasnt been preparedC. hadnt prepared D. was preparing12. This story_ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago.A. is happened B. was happened C. happened D. has been happened13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really? For what? -The old man_ the noise in the city.A. is hating B. hates C. was hating D. has hated14. His father _ for a week.A. died B. will die C. has been died D. has been dead15. My mother is ill. I _stay at home and look after her.A. has to B. must C. would D. have to16.-Do you know the Frenchman? -Yes. I _him for two years.A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been known17. They_ all their money, so they have to walk home.A.spend B. had spent C. have spent D. will spend18. Great changes_ in the city, and a lot of factories_. A.have been taken place, have been set up B.have taken place, have been set up C.have taken place, have set up D.were taken place, were set up19. -When did Kates grandma die? -While the doctors_ on her. A. are operating B. were operating C. operate D. operated20. -Who are you looking for? -Mr White. -Wait here for a while. The class meeting_ over in half an hour. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been21. If shes not at home, you _ try telephoning her at the office. A. will B. could C. would D. need22. All the new words _ up in the dictionary yet. A. have looked B. havent looked C. have been looked D. havent been looked23.I dont want to speak to her, but I _. A. do B. have to C. have to speak D. must to24. Hurry up, or you _ the train. A. miss B. lose C. will miss D. will lose25.The new library _ next week. A. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built26.-Wheres Mabel? -She _ ping pong behind the teaching building. A. is playing B. was playing C. played D. had played27. Quite a few tall buildings _ the last two years. A. have been put up B. were put up C. had put up D. put up28. Man-made-satellites_ into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up29. I _ all the words on the black board. May I go home now?B.copy B. will coup C. copied D. have copied30. Nobody knew _ a living in that country. A. to do B. to make C. how to do D. how to make31.The old man needs at most five hours sleep a night ,but he_ for over seven hours tonight. A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep32.Im really getting too fat. From now on, I_ more exercise and eat less food. A have done B do C am doing D will do33. You dont need_ her. I_ her for several times. A describe, had met B describe, meet C to describe, have met D describe, met 34. His speech in English was difficult_. A in following B for being followed C to follow D to be followed by35. When he was a child, he tried to find ways_ people_ life more. A. to help, enjoy B. help, to enjoy C. help, enjoying D. to be helped, to enjoy36.What did your class teacher _you to _at the meeting?A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk37._the bus until it _.A. Get off, stops B. get off, will stopC. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop38 The living standard of the people in Shanghai_ in the last ten years.A. has raised B. has risen C. has been raised D. has been risen39 -What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? -He_ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. has driven B. drove C. drives D. is driving40. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. A. had begun B. began C. has been on D. has begun1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCBBB21-25 ADBCB 26-30 AACDD 31-35 BDCCA 36-40 ACBBC过去完成时与一般过去时的比较1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。We had breakfast after we did morning exercises. 做完早操后，我们吃早饭。The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过去时。He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时，hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train. 我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上火车。We had thought to return early but they wouldnt let us go. 我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及次数名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。When we got there the basketball match had already started. 我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been. 老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。5. 如果句中出现了表示具体的过去时间的状语，句子的内容为过去的实际情况或句子的内容为历史事实时，句中的动词时态常用一般过去时。如：The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。6. 表述说话人始料未及的事情时，句子的谓语动词常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，常会用错时态。Jack, you are also here! I didnt see you. 杰克，你也在这啊！我没有看见你。随讲随练1. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _ for the wedding. 2006年全国II卷A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 2. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _ to half a dozen other groups. 2006年湖南卷A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given 3. Father for London on business upon my arrival, so I didnt see him. 2005年福建卷A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left 4. She _ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job. 2004年重庆卷A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing 5. He _ to spend the important day with us last Sunday, but he was too busy then.A. hoped B. has hoped C. had hoped D. would hoped 6. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain. 2005年湖北卷A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hiddenC. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid 7. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. 2004年江苏卷A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun8. Oh, is that you, Bob? Err.yes. Ah, youre Mary. Sorry I _ you. We havent seen each other for ten years, have we?A. didnt recognize B. ha