过去完成时态讲解及练习讲解学习.doc

过去完成时态讲解及练习

精品文档
完成时态
1）过去完成时态的构成： 
　　                   肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词      
　　                   否定式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词
　　                   疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词
　　                   简略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had.
　　    No, 主 + had现在完成时的用法
 2) 过去完成时适用场合
1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。
I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。
The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。  
By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如：
He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。
He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。
3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如：
Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。
4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。
He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。
We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
我们刚开始就被叫停。
It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。

　　例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
　　1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing.
　　A. studied, had gone     B. had studied, went
　　C. has studied, goes      D. had studied, had gone
　　解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年 "。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。
　　2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink.
　　A. enjoyed     B. was enjoying   C. had enjoyed   D. would enjoy
　　解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。
　　3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months.
　　A. has been in    B. had been in   C. had been to   D. had gone to
　　解析："小培说她去了海南三个月  "。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.
　　时态综合例题：
　　１--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ?
　　 ---They _____ tea in the garden.               
　　  A. are drinking    B. drank    C. have drunk     D. drink
　　2. My mother often asks me _____early .           
　　  A. get up   B. got up    C. getting up     D. to get up
　　3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.  
　　  A. taught    B. caught    C. bought    D. brought
　　4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light.     　
　　  A. got on    B. got off   C. slowed down   D. picked up
　　5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks.             
　　  A. has lent    B. has borrowed    C. has bought     D. has had
　　6. ---Do you know ______?
　　  ---Sorry, but if he _____ back, I ____ you know as soon as possible.  
　　 A. when will he be back, comes, will let      
B. when he will be back, will come, will let
　　  C. what time will he be back, will come, let   
D. what time he will be back, comes, will let
　　7. We ____ to the park if it is fine tomorrow.      
　　   A. will go   B. have gone    C. go
　　8. A new shoe factory will ______ in this part of the city.  
　　  A. be building    B. be built    C. build 
　　9. ---______ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there. 
　　  ---OK, Mom.
　　  A. Put up     B. Put on   C. Put down   D. Put away
　　10. --- How about going hiking this weekend?     
　　   --- Sorry, I prefer to ____ rather than _____.
　　   A. to stay at home, go out      B. to go out, stay at home
　　   C. stay at home, go out     D. going out, stay at home

　　一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：
　　1. A policeman saw two thieves ______a girl's mobile phone on the bus and he caught them at once.
　　A. to steal   B. stealing   C. stole    D. stolen
　　2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Let's ______them success.
　　A. wish    B.to wish   C.hope    D.to hope
　　3. He is so careless that he always ______his school things at home.
　　A. forgets   B.forgot   C.leaves   D.left
　　4. ----Who ______the computer? I want to use it.
　　   ----Timmy. He ______ it for a week.
　　A. borrowed, has borrowed   B.has borrowed, bought
　　C.has borrowed, has kept   D.bought, has borrowed
　　5. Look! One of the girls ______the door.
　　A. cleans   B.is cleaning  C.clean   D.are cleaning
　　6. If you don't feel well, you may just ______.
　　stopped reading   B.stop reading   C.stopped to read  D.stop to read
　　7. ----Where can we get a baseball?
　　   ----Let's ______.
　　A. lend Jim one     B.lend one to Jim
　　C.borrow one from Jim    D.borrow one of Jim
　　8. ----My model ship doesn't work.
　　   ----Don't worry. I'll have it ______this afternoon.
　　A. repairing   B.made   C.repaired   D.mend
　　9. You ______wash your hands before meals.
　　A. need    B.must    C.can    D.may
　　10. Will you ______the light? It's dark in the room.
　　A. get on    B.get off   C.turn on   D.turn off
　　11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may ______me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang.
　　A. ask     B.say    C.tell    D.call
　　12. There is going to ______a game in our school this afternoon.
　　A. has     B.have    C.be    D.are
　　13. You'd better______smoking. It's bad for your health.
　　A. eat up    B.give up   C.come up   D.get up
　　14. ----How do you like this book?
　　   ----I think it has nothing to______with our study.
　　A. make    B.do    C.take    D.hold
　　15. ----Where is Mr Brown? I have some questions to ask him.
　　   ----He ______the office.
　　A. has been to   B.has been in  C.has gone to  D.has gone in
　　16.The bus kept the people ______for twenty minutes.
　　A. wait    B.to wait   C.waiting   D.waits
　　17.I believe the scientists will______a better way to heal the disease.
　　A. get on with   B.come up with   C.go on with  D.catch up with
　　18.----Why do you often ______this pink blouse?
　　   ----Because it fits me well.
　　A. put on    B.wear    C.buy    D.try on
　　19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he ______him.
　　A. went over   B.fell behind  C.put off   D.dropped off
　　20. The Internet ______it easy to get much new information in a short time.
　　A. finds    B.makes   C.feels    D.takes
　　参考答案：1--5 BACCB  6-10 BCCBC   11--15 DCBBC    16-20 CBBBB
　　二、选择最佳答案填空(动词时态)：
　　1.  We __________out by that time that he_________ a thief for a longtime.
　　 A. had found, had been        B. had found, was
　　 C. found, had been           D. found, was
　　2.  It so happened that they________ the novel before.
　　     A. had read     B. would read       C. were reading     D. read
　　3. She________ for nearly two hours.
　　     A. kept talking     B. kept to talk     C. has kept talking   D. kept to talking
　　4. Spring_______ after winter.
　　A. comes       B. came      C. has come       D. had come
　　5.-I hear some noise in the next room.
　　 -Oh, yes. Your sister_______ there.
　　A. cries       B. is crying      C. cried      D. was crying
　　6. All the students__________ to plant trees and there's nobody in the classroom.
　　A. go      B. will go     C. have gone       D. wound go
　　7. Stop! A little boy_________ the street.
　　A. is crossing     B. crosses        C. crossed        D. has crossed
　　8. The girl________ to milk since last winter.
　　A. learns     B. learned      C. has learned      D. would learn
　　9. What__________ to you this morning?
　　A. happens      B. is happened     C. happened    D. was happened
　　10. -The old man looks healthy.
　　-Yes. He________ some running after he gets up.
　　  A. does      B. did      C. has done      D. will do
　　11. She didn't pass the exams because she________ her lessons well.
　　A. wasn't prepared      B. wasn't been prepared
　　C. hadn't prepared       D. was preparing
　　12. This story_______ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago.
　　A. is happened       B. was happened     C. happened    D. has been happened
　　13. -Mr King came back to our village.
　　-Really? For what?
　　   -The old man________ the noise in the city.
　　A. is hating    B. hates     C. was hating     D. has hated
　　14. His father ________ for a week.
　　A. died    B. will die    C. has been died  D. has been dead
　　15. My mother is ill. I _______stay at home and look after her.
　　A. has to   B. must   C. would     D. have to
　　16.---Do you know the Frenchman?
　　  ---Yes. I ______him for two years.
　　A. know   B. have known  C. knew  D. have been known
　　17. They______ all their money, so they have to walk home.
　　A. spend  B. had spent  C. have spent    D. will spend
　　18. Great changes_______ in the city, and a lot of factories_______.
　　    A.have been taken place, have been set up
　　    B.have taken place, have been set up
　　    C.have taken place, have set up
　　    D.were taken place, were set up
　　19. ---When did Kate's grandma die?
　　   ---While the doctors______ on her.
　　   A. are operating   B. were operating   C. operate   D. operated
　　20. ---Who are you looking for?
　　   ---Mr White.
　　   ---Wait here for a while. The class meeting_______  over in half an hour.
　　  A. is   B. will be   C. was   D. has been
　　21. If she's not at home, you ______ try telephoning her at the office.
　　  A. will    B. could    C. would    D. need
　　22. All the new words ______ up in the dictionary yet.
　　  A. have looked   B. haven't looked    C. have been looked    D. haven't been looked
　　23.I don't want to speak to her, but I ______.
　　  A. do    B. have to   C. have to speak    D. must to
　　24. Hurry up, or you _____ the train.
　　  A. miss    B. lose    C. will miss   D. will lose
　　25.The new library ____ next week.
　　   A.. will build   B . will be built    C. would build    D. would be built
　　26.---Where's Mabel?
　　  ---She _____ ping pong behind the teaching building.
　　    A. is playing    B. was playing   C. played    D. had played
　　27. Quite a few tall buildings _______ the last two years.
　　    A. have been put up   B. were put up    C. had put up   D. put up
　　28. Man-made-satellites______ into space by many countries.
　　   A. was sent up   B. is sent up   C. have been sent up   D. has been sent up
　　29. I _______ all the words on the black board. May I go home now?
　　B. copy    B. will coup    C. copied   D. have copied
　　30. Nobody knew _______ a living in that country.
　　   A. to do     B. to make    C. how to do    D. how to make
　　31.The old man needs at most five hour's sleep a night ,but he__________ for over seven hours tonight.
　　 A. has fallen asleep         B has slept    C has gone to bed   D. has gone to sleep
　　32.I'm really getting too fat.  From now on, I________ more exercise and eat less food.
　　 A have done       B do     C am doing      D will do
　　33. You don't need__________ her. I_________ her for several times.
　　 A describe, had met   B describe, meet    C to describe, have met   D describe, met
　　 34. His speech in English was difficult__________.
　　 A in following     B for being followed   C to follow    D to be followed by
　　35. When he was a child, he tried to find ways_______ people________ life more.
　　 A. to help, enjoy    B. help, to enjoy    C. help, enjoying   D. to be helped, to enjoy
　　36.What did your class teacher ________you to _______at the  meeting?
　　A. tell, say      B. ask, speak   C. tell, speak    D. ask, talk
　　37.______the bus until it _______.
　　A. Get off, stops        B. get off, will stop
　　C. Don't get off, stops   D. Don't get off, will stop
　　38 The living standard of the people in Shanghai_______ in the last ten years.
　　A. has raised       B. has risen    C. has been raised   D. has been risen
　　39 -What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?
　　  -He_______ a city bus for over twenty-five years.
　　A. has driven   B. drove   C. drives    D. is driving
　　40. Hurry up! The play _______ for ten minutes.
　　  A. had begun   B. began    C. has been on   D. has begun
　　1-5 CAAAB     6-10 CACCC    11-15 CCBCD     16-20  BCBBB
　　21-25 ADBCB   26-30 AACDD   31-35   BDCCA    36-40 ACBBC

过去完成时与一般过去时的比较
1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。
We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.
做完早操后，我们吃早饭。
The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。
They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。
2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过去时。
He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。
3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时，hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。
I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train. 我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没搭上火车。
We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go. 我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。
4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及次数名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。
When we got there the basketball match had already started. 我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。
The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been. 老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。
5. 如果句中出现了表示具体的过去时间的状语，句子的内容为过去的实际情况或句子的内容为历史事实时，句中的动词时态常用一般过去时。如：
The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。
6. 表述说话人始料未及的事情时，句子的谓语动词常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，常会用错时态。
Jack, you are also here! I didn’t see you. 杰克，你也在这啊！我没有看见你。
随讲随练
 1. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _____ for the wedding.  [2006年全国II卷]
A. will plan             B. has planned      C. would plan            D. had planned
 2. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups.                                   [2006年湖南卷]
A. was giving              B. am giving          C. had given                  D. have given
 3. Father           for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him. [2005年福建卷]
A. has left             B. left              C. was leaving            D. had left 
 4. She ______ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
                                                     [2004年重庆卷]
A. would change         B. has changed       C. changed                  D. was changing
 5. He ______ to spend the important day with us last Sunday, but he was too busy then.
A. hoped                    B. has hoped          C. had hoped                D. would hoped
 6. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itself behind the mountain.                               [2005年湖北卷]
A. started; had already hidden
B. had started; had already hidden
C. had started; was hiding      
D. was starting; hid 
 7. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.         [2004年江苏卷]
A. begin                           B. began               C. have begun                  D. had begun
 8. — Oh, is that you, Bob?
    — Err...yes. Ah, you’re Mary. Sorry I _____ you. We haven’t seen each other for ten years, have we?
A. didn’t recognize      B. ha