2021年高考英语拉分题专项训练(必修二)-专题10-Music(知识部分).docx

《必修》2 Unit 5, Music
【重点词汇】
1.pretend vt.假装，假扮
If you pretend to know what you don't know, you'll only make a fool of yourself. 不懂装懂就会闹笑话。
He pretended to be doing homework when his mother came in.母亲进来时，他假装在做作业。
When I want to see her I have to pretend emergency. 因此当我想见她时，不得不假装有紧急的事情。
I pretend I am walking over to a frangipani tree but I slow down. 我假装正在穿过人群走向一株赤素馨花，但是我渐渐慢了下来。

2. attach vt. 附上；系上；贴上；使依恋
Please attach a recent photograph to your application form. 请在你的申请表上附上一张近照。
We have attached a number of conditions to the agreement. 我们在协议上加了些条件。
He is attached to the girl. 他格外宠爱那个女孩。
People attach too much importance to economic forecasts. 人们认为经济猜想有重要意义。

3. earn vt. 赚；挣得；获得
My sister doesn't earn much money being a nurse. 我妹妹当护士赚不了多少钱。
His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team.他非凡的力气为他在队中赢得了一席之地。
He earns his living by writing. 他以写作为生。

4. familiar adj. 生疏的；常见的；亲近的
Are you familiar with this type of car?你生疏这种型号的汽车吗？
Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?你生疏棒球的规章吗?
These facts are familiar to you all. 这些事实你们大家都很生疏。
French was as familiar to him as English.他像生疏英语那样生疏法语。

5. sensitive adj. 敏感的；灵敏的；易受损害的；易受影响的
Don’t be so sensitive；I was only joking. 不要那么敏感，我只是开玩笑。
My leg is sensitive to changes in temperature. 我的腿对温度的变化很敏感。
She is very sensitive about her appearance. 她对外表很在乎。

【重点短语】
1. dream of 梦见；幻想；设想
The girl dreamed of a handsome prince.那个女孩梦见了一位英俊的王子。
That man never dreamed the boy to be his nephew.那个人做梦也没想到那个男孩是他的外甥。
I never dreamed of there being such a good hotel in this town. 我真没想到这个城镇中还有这么好的宾馆。

2. rely on　依靠；信任；期望
Now that you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents.既然你长大了，就不应当依靠你的父母。
The success of this project relies on everyone making an effort.本项目的成功有赖于诸位一起努力。
You can rely/depend on him to help you. 你可以期望他来挂念你。
Whether we will go there relies on the weather. 我们是否去哪里取决于天气状况。

3.break up打碎，裂开；结束；解散
Break up the chocolate and melt it.把巧克力弄碎,使其溶化。
My girlfriend has broken up with me.我的女友已和我分手了。
His first marriage broke up.他的第一次婚姻裂开了。
A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and the party broke up.
一位邻居要求调小音乐,聚会便散了。

4.in addition另外，此外
In addition, you can elect to share your files with others.  
另外，您可以打算与其他的用户共享 您的文件。
In addition, the competitive nature of men sets them apart from other men. 
另外，男人爱竞争的天性使得自己和别的男人分别开来。
In addition to the main question， there are secondary matters to talk about. 除主要问题之外，还有些次要问题争辩。
In addition to his movie work， Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes. 除了电影工作，雷德福还以环境问题的提倡者而出名。

5.above all首先；尤其是；最重要的是
Mary is hardworking, cheerful, and above all honest. 玛丽勤奋、乐观，最重要的是恳切。
He was beloved by all, and above all by the children. 他为众人所爱戴，尤其是受到孩子们的爱戴。

【重点句型】
1. The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 这些音乐家们会一边开着玩笑一边演奏着音乐，这些玩笑和音乐大多在仿照“甲壳虫”乐队。
【考点】most of which是由“代词＋ of ＋ which”构成的定语从句
He gave the boy 20 dollars to clean the windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for a year. 他给了那个小孩20美元让他擦窗子，大部分的窗子已有一年没有擦了。
Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
In Yingxiu Middle School more than 1,000 people were lost in the earthquake, most of whom were students. 在映秀中学，有1000多人失踪，其中大部分是同学。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 生气的人群包围了公共汽车，车里几乎挤满了人。

2. Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.一些不生疏他们的人也在不断地争辩他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
【考点】as if“好像，仿佛”引导方式状语从句的用法
It looks as if they're looking for something.他们看起来好像在找什么东西。
It seems as if our team is going to win．看来我们队要胜了。
She looks as if she were ten years younger．她看起来好像年轻了十岁。
She works hard as if she never knew fatigue.  她工作努力，仿佛从不知疲乏似的。
You'll feel as if you were at home while here.   到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。
He acts as if （he were） a fool．他做事像个傻子。
Tom raised his hands as if （he was going） to say something．汤姆举起手好像要说什么。
She left the room hurriedly as if （she was）angry．她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子

【重点语法】
“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句
（一）基本用法及关系代词的确定
当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们有“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句。先行词指人，用“介词+whom”；先行词指物，用“介词+which”。
My father works in Volkswagen, in which the workers are well paid我爸爸在大众汽车公司工作，那里的员工待遇优厚。（in which引导非限制性定语从句，which指物）
Zheng Jie is a famous Chinese tennis player from whom I learned a lot.郑洁是中国出名的网球手，我从她身上学到了很多东西。（from whom引导非限制性定语从句，whom指人）
（二）介词的选择
1.依据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、 缘由、方法、 工具等的词，它们与介词之间有确定的联系。
This is the way in which we worked out the problem.这就是我们做出那道题的方法。（先行词way意为“方法”，和介词in连用）
2.依据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成be动词之后的表语。
The two things about which he was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about 对……有把握)他没有把握的两件事是语法和一些习惯用法。
（三）．关系代词的替换
1.某些在从句中充当时间、地点、缘由状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以用关系副词when where 和why互换。
I’ll never forget the day on which ( =when )I joined the army .我永久也忘不了我参军的那一天。
The factory in which (=where) his father works is far away from my hometown.
他父亲工作的那家工厂离我的家乡很远。
I don’t know the reason for which ( =why )he was late for school我不知道他为何上学迟到了。
2.“the+n.+ of which”或者“of which +the+n.”可以转为“whose+n.”,“whose”和“of which”在定语从句中作定语。
He lives in a room, the window of which faces west. =He lives in a room , whose window faces west.他住的房间，窗子朝向西。
Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price) was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
[提示]　the＋n.＋of＋which结构一般可以与whose＋n.互换
3. some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most...＋ of which/whom。
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.音乐家们组成乐队演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在仿照“甲壳虫”乐队。