【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮(人教版)复习练习：必修5-Unit-3.docx

第一部分　必修五　Unit 3

Ⅰ.语法单句填空
1．(2021·北京改编)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
答案：What　考查名词性从句。句意：使这本书不同寻常的是作者富有制造性的想象力。what引导主语从句，在句中作主语，符合句意。
2．(2011·山东改编)They are broadening the bridge to speed ________ the flow of traffic.
答案：up　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们正在加宽这座大桥以加快交通流量。speed up加速，加快，符合句意。
3．It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her work take ________ much of her time.
答案：up　句意：她不行能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母，由于工作占据了她的大部分时间。take up拿起，占据(时间或空间)。
4．(2022·湖北改编)What was so ________(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare­footed.
答案：impressive　句意：Jasmine Westland打动人的地方是她赤脚在马拉松竞赛中得了第一名。impressive打动人的，有感染力的。
5．(2021·辽宁改编)Briggs will take ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires.
答案：over　句意：Mitchell退休后，Briggs将会接管当总经理。take over 接管。
6．(2010·福建改编)More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities __________ lack of space.
答案：for　句意：由于缺乏空间，在大城市建起了越来越多的高层建筑。for lack of“因缺乏……”。
7．Making ________ good impression on the interviewers is of vital ________(important)．
答案：a；importance　句意：给面试官留下好的印象是极其重要的。固定搭配leave/make a good impression on sb.＝leave/make sb. a good impression，故第一空应填入a。be of importance ＝be important。
8．(2022·山东改编)It is difficult for us to imagine________life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
答案：what　考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说，想象奴隶们在古代的生活是什么样子是很难的。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中be like后缺少表语，故用what引导。
9．________(leave) at home reading all day, the boy felt very lonely and wished to go out to play with his friends.
答案：Left　考查非谓语动词。leave在这里表示“留下”，与主语the boy之间构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。
10．When I got home, it flashed ________ me that I had forgotten to lock the door.
答案：upon　考查固定句型。It flashed upon sb. that...为常用句型，意为“某人突然想到……”
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2022·临沂市3月质检)
People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road. The high­tech company Google has a number of self­driving cars, which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2022.
In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. “ Today we're looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow's reality—the driverless car. ” The technology for these cars includes cameras, radar and motion sensors. The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U. S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.
“Cars have become much more fuel­efficient, and new electronic features are making Hondas safer，” said Angie Nucci of Honda America. “ A camera on the passenger­side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes. ” Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. These systems help drivers, but don't replace them. Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer.
“By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident，” Kendall said. He said consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. “It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first. ”
Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.
文章大意：自动汽车原来只是科幻作品中毁灭，现在它即将成为可能。
1. What can we learn from Paragraph l?
A．Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.
B．Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.
C．Driverless cars are pointing us a faraway future.
D．Google's self­driving cars have covered a long distance.
答案：D　细节理解题。由第一段第四句话“The high­tech company Google has a number of self­driving cars, which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August.”可知，谷歌公司的自动汽车已经行驶了很长的距离。
2. We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown________.
A．helped design self­driving cars
B．supports self­driving cars on roads
C．considers self­driving cars science fiction
D．improved the self­driving car systems
答案：B　细节理解题。由其次段第一句话“In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.”可知，Governor Jerry Brown支持自动汽车。
3. What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．They can help people drive more safely.
B．They can take the place of drivers now.
C．They can make cars run without fuel.
D．They can help cars run much faster.
答案：A　细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，自动汽车系统更节油、更平安，能挂念驾驶员但是不能代替驾驶员。
4. According to Richard Mason, what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?
A．They are not allowed to run on the road.
B．Their technical problems remain to be solved.
C．They are now too expensive for consumers.
D．They are more dangerous for people on the street.
答案：C　细节理解题。由最终一段第一句话“Mason said ... the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.”可知，价格是其最大的挑战。
5．What's the best title of the passage?
A．The benefits of the self­driving cars.
B．The biggest challenge of the self­driving cars.
C．Safer or more dangerous—self­driving cars.
D．Self­driving cars—science fiction future is near.
答案：D　主旨大意题。由文章大意可知。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2022·山西省四校联考)
I hear a lot of people talking about New Year's resolutions(新年方案). Some say, “I can't keep them and I never make resolutions.” Perhaps the real __1__ is that we have trouble changing. We get __2__ in our way of life and even if things aren't good，__3__ they are familiar.
As the years go by, our resolutions seem to lose some __4__. In spite of the fact that my own eagerness seems to __5__， I still like the idea of making resolutions. It is the __6__ of not giving up that is important.
I think of the year __7__ like a carpet of new fallen snow that has not yet been __8__ by footprints or marks of any kind. It __9__ before us so perfect and beautiful, but it won't remain that way for long. __10__ we know it, we must get out in the snow and make our own marks and tracks. Soon, we will see all kinds of __11__ and paths in the snow. We will see everything from __12__， icy mud to the prints of snow angels made by children at play.
It's all part of our __13__. As we close out the old year, a new set of months lies ahead of us and we think, “Maybe, just maybe I can do __14__.” Perhaps, this time, we can lose those __15__pounds, __16__ a bad habit, improve our behavior, __17__ build a better relationship. Even though there are situations in our lives that can get us __18__， we can look forward to beginning again and doing what we can do to __19__ our lives according to how we are able.
As the New Year comes around, what kind of marks will you make in the __20__？
文章大意：很多人在新年即将到来时会做新年方案，但是在实际生活中又恢复原状，虽然如此，但是我还是宠爱这种不放弃的精神。生活中不如意事常八九，但是面对新的生活我们还是要多一些奇怪的愿望和期盼，这才是乐观的生活态度。
1．A.plan　　 B．idea
C．puzzle D．problem
答案：D　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。或许真正的问题是我们自己在转变上有问题。A.plan方案；B.idea想法；C.puzzle迷惑；D.problem问题，故选D。
2．A.comfortable B．curious
C．serious D．painful
答案：A　考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。我们对自己的生活方式感到舒适。A.comfortable舒适的；B.curious奇异   的；C.serious严峻的；D.panful苦痛的。故选A。
3．A.at most B．at last
C．at least D．at first
答案：C　考查短语的辨析和对语境的理解。该句应当理解为：即使不好，但是至少他们是我们所生疏的。A.at most至多；B.at last最终；C.at least至少；D.at first首先。故选C。
4．A.faith B．enthusiasm
C．sense D．confidence
答案：B　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。随着岁月消逝，我们对方案好像失去一些热忱。A.faith信念；B.enthusiasm热忱；C.sense感觉；D.confidence信念。依据语境可知选B。
5．A.increase B．exist
C．decline D．disappear
答案：C　考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。尽管事实上，我自己的渴望好像消减了，但是我还是宠爱做方案的想法。A.increase增加；B.exist存在；C.decline下降；D.disappear消逝，故选C。
6．A.spirit B．rule
C．challenge D．decision
答案：A　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。常识理解为：其实是不放弃的这种精神很重要。A.spirit精神；B.rule规章；C.challenge挑战；D.decision打算。故选A。
7．A.behind B．between
C．around D．ahead
答案：D　考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。我认为即将到来的新年像新地毯一样。A.behind在……之后；B.between在……和……之间；C.around围围着；D.ahead在前面的。后文有ahead of毁灭，故选D。
8．A.discovered B．noticed
C．damaged D．cleared
答案：C　考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。新年就像都没有被任何脚印或任何种类的痕迹破坏过的新落的雪铺就的地毯似的。A.discovered发觉；B.noticed留意；C.damaged损坏；D.cleared清除。故选C。
9．A.stands B．lies
C．comes D．occurs
答案：B　考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。它在我们面前是如此完善，秀丽，但它不会保持很长时间。A.stands站，位于；B.lies躺，位于；C.comes来；D.occurs发生，故选B。
10．A.Although B．Before
C．Until D．If
答案：B　考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解。在我们还不知道的时候就必需走进风雪中踏出我们自己的各种痕迹。A.Although虽然；B.Before在……之前；C.Until直到；D.If假如，故选B。
11．A.prints B．stones
C．plants D．pictures
答案：A　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。结合前面的描述可知：很快，我们将看到雪中有了各种各样的印迹和小路。A.prints印迹；B.stones石头；C.plants植物；D.pictures图片。下一句也有prints毁灭，故选A。
12．A.tidy B．soft
C．dry D．dirty
答案：D　考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。我们将看到脏的、冰的泥和孩子们玩雪时留下的各种痕迹。A.tidy洁净的；B.soft软的；C.dry干燥的；D.dirty脏的。故选D。
13．A.quality B．attitude
C．belief D．wisdom
答案：B　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。这就是我们的生活态度。A.quality质量；B.attitude态度；C.belief信念；D.wisdom才智。故选B。
14．A.better B．worse
C．easier D．harder
答案：A　考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。在我们结束了过去的一年，在我们面前的是新的岁月，我们认为，“或许我可以做得更好。”A.better更好；B.worse更糟糕；C.easier更简洁；D.harder更难。人们总是展望奇怪的将来。故选A。
15．A.exact B．final
C．extra D．former
答案：C　考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。依据语境理解可知：或许，这一次我们可以减掉那些多余的体重。A.exact精确     的；B.final最终的；C.extra特殊的；D.former以前的。故选C。
16．A.pick out B．call off
C．cut down D．give up
答案：D　考查动词短语的辨析和对语境的理解。……或许可以改掉坏毛病。A.pick out挑出；B.call off取消；C.cut down消减；D.give up放弃。故选D。
17．A.and B．or
C．so D．for
答案：B　考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解。前后用逗号隔开是选择关系，所以句意是：……改进我们的行为或者建立更好的人际关系。A.and和；B.or或者；C.so所以；D.for由于。故选B。
18．A.over B．across
C．down D．away
答案：C　考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。这里是与get构成短语：get over克服；get across穿过；get sb. down使某人心情低落；get away走开。即使生活中有些时候会让我们心情低落，但是我们可以期盼新的开头。故选C。
19．A.save B．experience
C．start D．improve
答案：D　考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。结合前一句可知句意是：我们可以尽我们所能来改善我们的生活。A.save挽救；B.experience体验；C.start开头；D.improve改善。故选D。
20．A.snow B．mud
C．carpet D．ice
答案：A　考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。随着新年的即将到来，你又会在雪中做什么样的标记呢？A.snow雪；B. mud泥；C. carpet地毯；D. ice冰，结合前文可知，故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2022·东北三省四市其次联考)
The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduate __1__ high school, these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test __2__ well prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they complete __3__(apply) and send them to the universities __4__ interest them most. Some high school students may be required to have __5__ interview with people from the university. __6__(neat) dressed and a little bit frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.
If the new students __7__(accept), many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students advising, university rules, the use of the library and all the __8__ major services of the university.
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very __9__(puzzle). The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier __10__ will be for them to adapt to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。有些高中生很早就开头为高校做预备，特殊是在高中的最终阶段，他们需要充分备考。进入高校之后，他们会得到学校的指导，以便更快地适应高校生活。
答案：
1．from　考查介词。依据文章的第一句话可知，空格前的“graduate”应与介词from搭配，意为“从……毕业”，符合文意。故空格处填from。

2．how　考查宾语从句。“test”之后接的是宾语从句，well prepared是形容词短语，应用how来修饰。故空格处填how。
3．applications　考查名词。空格处在句中作宾语，由此结合空格后的代词“them”可知，空格处应用提示词的名词复数形式。故空格处填applications。
4．which/that　考查定语从句。“universities”作为定语从句的先行词并且在从句中作主语，因此应用which/that作为定语从句的引导词。故空格处填which/that。
5．an　考查冠词。依据语境可知，空格处表示的是泛指，interview读音的第一个音素是元音，因此应用不定冠词an。故空格处填an。
6．Neatly　考查副词。空格处在句中作状语，修饰dressed，因此应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填Neatly。留意单词首字母大写。
7．are accepted　考查动词的时态和语态。空格处在句中作谓语，且与主语是被动关系，由此结合“主将从现”原则可知，空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态结构。故空格处填are accepted。
8．other　考查代词。依据空格前内容可知，此处指的是高校的其他主要服务。故空格处填other。
9．puzzling　考查形容词。空格处在句中作表语，由此结合句中的主语可知，空格处应用提示词的现在分词形式(此处为现在分词形容词化)。故空格处填puzzling。
10．it　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语，而能够作形式主语的代词只有it。故空格处填it。