2021杭州市高考英语阅读理解、完形填空小练(2)答案(四月).docx

2021杭州市高考英语阅读理解、完形填空小练（2）答案（四月）

阅读理解
【2021·潍坊5月模拟】
When you tidy your messy bedroom，it gets a lot easier to find things.Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain，helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.
To test how much dreams can help learning，Robert Stickgold had some students play a shape­fitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes.Interestingly，the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most.Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream，many important tasks are getting done.The brain decides what to keep and what to forget.It is connecting new experiences to older learning.In fact，the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (心情)．At night，emotions are in the driver’s seat.People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward.Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset.So if your best friend moves away，you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving.In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood，and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life，you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming.There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.One dream might help you remember your math facts，while another might lead to a new invention，or give you a fun，crazy story to tell your friends.It’s all in a night’s work for our busy，mysterious brains.
1．Robert Stickgold’s test shows that________.
A．games are useful for memory
B．dreams can help improve skills
C．players stop learning in dreams
D．tasks can only be settled through dreams
2．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A．dreams can get rid of sufferings
B．only drivers can deal with emotions
C．one may be less upset after a dream
D．dreams can copy what one experienced
3．Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
4．What does the text focus on?
A．Dreams and memories.　 B．Dreams and emotions.
C．The benefits of dreams.　 D．The patterns of dreams.
5．In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A．Entertainment.　 B．Tourism.
C．Science.　 D．Advertisement.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明白梦的好处，即可以改善学习和心情。
1．解析：　推理推断题。依据其次段可知，为了证明梦对学习有挂念，Robert Stickgold做了这次试验，而试验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，依据本段最终一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有挂念的，故选B。
答案：　B
2．解析：　细节理解题。依据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (心情)．”和最终一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。
答案：　C
3．解析：　细节理解题。依据最终一段其次句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。
答案：　D
4．解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明白梦的好处：有助于改善学习和心情。
答案：　C
5．解析：　推理推断题。依据文章主旨可知，文章是关于梦的科学争辩方面的学问，所以最可能在杂志的有关科学的栏目里找到此文章，故选C。
答案：　C。

阅读理解。
The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.
A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly ( 愚蠢 ) and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.
11. What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?
A. The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.
B. One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.
C. To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.
D. If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.
12. What is the correct interpretation of “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad ” in paragraph 2 ?
A. If the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy first.
B. If you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished.
C. If you cannot control yourself, you will become crazy.
D. If you are mad, you will be punished by the gods.
13. If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A. the very backbone and nerve of character
B. the patience and power to control himself
C. strong feelings
D. self-confidence
14. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.
A. explain that self-control is the key to success
B. teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success
C. distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it
D. advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends
15. The passage is mainly developed by _____.
A. analyzing causes B. making comparisons
C. examining differences D. listing quotations
【参考答案】11—15、BBCAD

完形填空
Russ was a lovable kid with a variety of communication challenges—a speech impediment(言语障碍), dyslexia(诵读困难), and auditory(听觉的)problems. 　1　today he is walking confidently, standing tall to make an acceptance　2　for having been chosen as one of the“Outstanding Young Citizens”in Ocean County, New Jersey　3　his remarkable volunteer service in the town of Toms River.
As I listened, I closed my eyes. I found myself　4　those memorable moments. My mind was full of warm images of Russ as a loving, caring youth, a gentle soul, 　5　his challenges. And now, as he stood at the platform, I knew his heart　6　be racing. As Russ continued to speak, I thought about the fateful day when he was diagnosed with all those impairments(缺陷)and how　7　his tutors(家庭老师)would be if they could see him today. Here he was twenty-nine, being honored for ten years of service as a volunteer　8　. Russ was　9　for organizing clothing for the homeless, teaching preschool children about fire safety, and for playing Santa Claus for very sick children by driving up in a fire truck.
Russ thanked his parents for providing him with dignity and teaching him about morals. Then, pausing for a few seconds, he　10　us by surprise by touching lovingly on the　11　of his nephew, Austin. Austin was just three years old when he died from an incurable disease. At that moment, I had to close my eyes again　12　a different set of tears ran down my cheeks. A silence　13　the room as Russ owed his volunteer award to Austin. He　14　his address by lifting the audience up with these words, “Austin taught me how to love. ”
I have never thought of this day. 　15　, no one had ever thought that Russ would make　16　as the star of the football team, and he had never been voted“most likely to succeed”, but he　17　to be a true“star”in his community. Russ became a man of strong character　18　his unselfish service to others. With so many impairments, Russ now sees and acts　19　with his heart. His words and deeds inspire everyone who knows him. It is Russ, our son, who has shown us what　20　is.
【文章大意】一位被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题的少年敢于面对自己的困难, 最终成为社区的明星, 被授予“优秀年轻市民”称号。那么, 是什么促使他取得这一切的呢?
1. A. And　　　 B. When　　　 C. As　　　 D. But
【解析】选D。规律推理题。此句与前一句在规律上是转折关系。Russ虽然是一个有多种沟通障碍的人, 今日却当选为Ocean县“优秀年轻市民”, 现在站在台上演讲。
2. A. point B. speech C. call D. appeal
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。make an acceptance speech意为“做领奖致辞, 做获奖演讲”。和下文的As Russ continued to speak中的speak是同根词。
3. A. in spite of B. regardless of
C. because of D. in the face of
【解析】选C。短语辨析题。Russ当选“优秀年轻市民”是由于他卓越的志愿服务。because of由于, 符合上下文语境; A项尽管; B项无视, 不考虑; D项面对着。
4. A. recalling B. recording
C. seizing D. expecting
【解析】选A。背景常识题。我情不自禁地回忆过去一些难忘的时刻。依据memorable和以下作者回忆的内容, 可知A项正确。
5. A. putting up with B. concerning about
C. escaping from D. facing up to
【解析】选D。短语辨析题。face up to意为“英勇面对”。作者回想起Russ是一个有爱心、乐于助人又温存的人, 他敢于面对自己的沟通障碍。put up with忍受; concern about关怀; escape from躲避。
6. A. could B. must C. would D. might
【解析】选B。规律推理题。我想他现在在台上演讲, 心跳确定很快。此处的must表示推想, 意为“确定”。
7. A. nervous B. excited C. proud D. surprised
【解析】选C。规律推理题。Russ小时候被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题。现在, 29岁的他被授予荣誉称号, 他的家庭老师们知道后确定会感到傲慢(proud)。
8. A. policeman B. tailor
C. fireman D. tutor
【解析】选C。规律推理题。依据下文的about fire safety和driving up in a fire truck可知Russ义务做了10年的消防志愿者。
9. A. grateful B. responsible C. anxious D. fit
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。Russ负责为无家可归者筹备服装、给学龄前儿童讲防火学问等事情。be responsible for. . . 负责……
10. A. took B. got C. shocked D. moved
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。take sb. by surprise为固定短语, 意为“使某人吃惊”。
11. A. birth B. achievement
C. loss D. disease
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。loss和后面的died近义。此空前的touch on意为“提及, 谈及”, 他三岁的侄子由于生病而夭折了, 故此处用loss。
12. A. since B. after C. when D. before
【解析】选D。规律推理题。在那一刻, 我不得不再一次闭上眼睛, 以免失态(泪流满面)。
13. A. dropped down B. fell over
C. took off D. got up
【解析】选B。短语辨析题。当Russ将他的获奖归功于侄子Austin时, 房间里全部的人都马上缄默下来了。drop down意为“落下”, fall over意为“掩盖”, take off意为“起飞; 脱下; (产品等)突然受欢迎”, get up意为“起床”。
14. A. concluded B. wrote
C. delivered D. started
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。conclude his address意为“结束他的演讲”。
15. A. Generally B. Surprisingly
C. Actually D. However
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我从未想到Russ会有今日这样的荣誉和成就。事实上(actually), 没有人会想到过Russ会成为足球队的明星。
16. A. it B. him C. one D. that
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。make it为固定短语, 意为“成功; 达到预定目标”。
17. A. happened B. rose
C. appeared D. reduced
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。但是他一步步地上来(rise)了, 最终成为社区一位真正的“明星”。happen碰巧; appear显得; reduce沦落为。
18. A. at B. on C. by D. in
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Russ通过(by)赐予他人无私的服务而成了一个有坚强共性的人。
19. A. cautiously B. generously
C. closely D. clearly
【解析】选D。规律推理题。依据上文, Russ现在知道了如何去爱, 所以他做事有着清楚的目标。
20. A. sharing B. love
C. sacrifice D. confidence
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。上文中有how to love。