【2022走向高考】高三英语一轮(外研版)复习：语法专项突破11.docx

其次部分　语法专项突破(十一)
真题改编，语法填空
1．(2021·四川改编)________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
答案：What　本题考查名词性从句中连词的用法。由于本题主语从句中said缺少宾语，而且主句中describes缺少主语，故选择what作主语成分。
2．(2021·陕西改编)It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
答案：whether　本题考查名词性从句。句意：那照旧得看新形成的委员会政策能否付诸实践。it在此为形式主语，故seen后为真正的主语从句，又由remains to be seen可知存在不确定的意思，所以用whether“是否”。
3．(2021·重庆改编)________ struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
答案：What　本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：电影中最打动我的是那位父亲对他儿子的深深的爱。分析结构可知，________ struck me most in the movie为主语从句，从句缺少主语，用what引导。
4．(2021·江西改编)________(which) one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
答案：Whichever　考查代词的用法。句意：你们当中无论哪一个打破窗子，都要照价赔偿。which(ever)“无论哪一个”，符合句意。
5．(2021·北京改编)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
答案：What　本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：使这本书与众不同的是作者的有制造性的想像力。分析结构可知，________ makes the book so extraordinary为主语从句，从句缺少主语，要用what引导。
6．(2021·天津改编)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
答案：What　本题考查名词性从句。句意：我想要告知你的是我对我的父母的深深的爱与敬重。分析句子成分，is是系动词，the deep love and respect是表语，is前的从句为主语从句。在这个主语从句中，tell后要跟双宾语，所以tell you后缺一个宾语，名词性从句缺宾语，要用what 来引导主语从句。
7．(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
答案：what　本题考查宾语从句。句意：警察已发觉看起来像那件丢失的古代雕像的东西。宾语从句中缺少主语，what“什么”，符合句意。
8．(2021·山东改编)It's good to know________the dogs will be well cared for while we are away.
答案：that　本题考查宾语从句。句意：知道在我们离开期间狗们会被好好照看这很好。it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语；know后面跟宾语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。
9．(2021·湖南改编)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
答案：how　考查宾语从句引导词的用法。句意：别为任何挫败而泄气，由于你无法知道你离成功有多近。此处用连接副词how引导宾语从句，how在从句中修饰形容词close，作程度状语。
10．(2021·北京改编)Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
答案：that　本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：专家认为只有必要的时候，人们才通过购物铺张少量的食品。分析结构可知，此处是experts believe作主句，that引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分。
11．(2022·陕西·15改编)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
答案：when　句意：晚点的飞机何时起飞主要取决于天气状况。when引导的名词性从句作主语。依据语境和take off可知，所填词与时间有关，应选when。
12．(2022·天津·14改编)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
答案：what　句意：我认为他的油画给我的印象最深的是用色。此处what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
13．(2022·山东·7改编)It is difficult for us to imagine________life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
答案：what　句意：我们很难想象在古代社会奴隶们的生活是什么样的。此处用what引导宾语从句并在从句中作介词like的宾语。
14．(2022·湖南·24改编)As John Lennon once said，life is________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
答案：what　句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说的，生活就是在你在忙于做出其他方案的时候发生在你身上的事情。考查名词性从句的连接词。依据句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少主语，且指“什么”的意思，应用what。
15．(2022·四川·2改编)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said ，“That's ________ I was born.”
答案：where　句意：奶奶指着那所医院说：“那就是我诞生的地方”。由句子结构可知，此处缺少表示地点的副词，故用where。
16．(2022·浙江·8改编)“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
答案：what　句意：母亲过去经常告知我，“每次吃糖的时候，要喝点绿茶。”此处是由what引导的表语从句，由于表语从句中tell后面缺少宾语成分，所以用what来引导。
17．(2022·北京·30改编)The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.
答案：when　句意：对于这位足球明星来讲，最令人感动的一刻是他踢进了决胜一球的时刻。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的部分应当是一个表语从句，表语从句部分的成分完整，只是缺少连接词，依据前面的提示the best moment可以推断出连接词在后面的表语从句中应当作时间状语，所以when正确。
18．(2022·江苏·26改编)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I'm not to blame, mum.I am ________ you have made me.
答案：what　句意：——“乱七八糟！你总是那么懒散！”——“妈妈，我不该受责怪。我现在这样子正是你使我变成的。”分析句子结构可知，空处为表语从句引导词，并在从句中作make的宾语补足语，表示“什么”，故用what。
19．(2022·重庆·12改编)——Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
答案：why　句意：——“麦克昨天拒绝了耶鲁高校的入学邀请，是真的吗？”——“是真的，但我不知道他为什么这样做；那可是他最宠爱高校之一。”why he did it是对idea做解释说明。
20．(2021·安徽改编)From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water.
答案：because　本题考查表语从句引导词。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是由于它的表面大约70%被水掩盖。because“由于”，后跟缘由。That/This is because ...是固定句式，“这/那是由于……”。
21．(2021·浙江改编)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
答案：that　本题考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：高层次的成功的唯一方法就是要信任在体育运动方面你比任何人都要强。分析结构可知，此处 belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导。
22．(2021·宁夏银川一中高三考试改编)Maybe all Americans realize that ________(who) they expect to be the next president will face masses of problems.
答案：whoever　或许全部的美国人都意识到无论他们期望谁当下一届总统，他都将面临诸多问题。“________ they expect to be the next president”是主语从句，从句中expect缺少宾语，再结合句意可知空处表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。
23．(2021·吉林长春三校高三调研改编)It is important to introduce children to healthy nutritious foods from ________ they begin to eat solids.
答案：when　句意：从孩子可以吃固体食物开头就引导他们食用健康养分的食物是很重要的。when在此引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语，且在从句中作时间状语。
24．(2021·辽宁大连高三双基测试改编)—When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.
—That's ________ we differ.
答案：where　句意：——“选家具时，你只关注功能而我却更多地考虑设计。”——“那就是我们不同的地方。”依据句意可知应用where，在表语从句中作地点状语。
25．(2021·甘肃兰州、靖远名校高三模拟改编)Telephone users sometimes complain about unreliable service and ______ they consider unfair charges.
答案：what　句意：电话用户有时埋怨服务不到位，还有他们认为不合理的收费。本句中的and连接了complain about的两个宾语，且空处在从句中作consider的宾语，因此选what。