【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮(人教版)复习练习：必修1-Unit-5.docx

第一部分　必修一　Unit 5
Ⅰ.语法单句填空
1．________ devoted almost all our time to our schoolwork in the past three months, we have almost no time for fun and play.
答案：Having　考查非谓语动词。规律主语是we, 状语表示过去的时间in the past three months，因此用现在分词完成式。
2．The wetland park is ________(equal) attractive in spring and autumn, for the weather is pleasant in both seasons.
答案：equally　考查副词。句意：湿地公园春秋两季同样迷人，这两个季节的气候都很好。由句意可知，填equally，意为“同等地”。
3．An increasing number of products made in China are ________ good quality but much less expensive than those from abroad.
答案：of　考查介词。句意：越来越多的国产货质量很好，价格比进口的廉价很多。be of good quality“质量好的”。
4．During the past few years, the time and money he has devoted to ________(plant) trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.
答案：planting　考查短语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，他投入了很多时间和金钱在偏远山区植树，现在被认为很有意义。devote ...to...“把……投入到……”中to是介词。
5．In the great fire, he was fortunate to escape ________(kill)．
答案：being killed　考查escape的用法。句意：在大火中，他很幸运地逃脱了死亡。escape doing sth.“逃脱做某事”。
6．It's important to learn to take a positive attitude ________ life when you are ________ trouble.
答案：to/toward(s)；in　句意：当你处于逆境时，学会对生活保持乐观的态度是很重要的。名词attitude后用介词to或towards；in trouble“处于逆境中”。
7．In time we reached a stage ________ we had more young readers than old ones.
答案：where　考查stage后定语从句的关系词。句意：最终我们到了一个新读者比老读者多的阶段。在定语从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。
8．Because of too much homework, gone are the days ________ we can play day and night.
答案：when　考查定语从句。句意：由于太多的作业，每天玩的日子一去不复返了。定语从句中缺少时间状语。
9．For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll set ________ my own business someday.
答案：up　句意：这些年来我始终为别人工作。我期望有一天可以开创自己的事业。set up“设立；创立”。
10．________ when his wife put photos of her injuries on the web did he apologize.
答案：Only　助动词提到了主语之前，所以填only。句意：直到他的妻子将受伤的照片放在网上时，他才(向妻子)赔礼。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Leymah Gbowee, ever awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, dreamed of peace and made it happen, founding a movement of women who brought peace and a female president to Liberia.
On the night of her high school graduation party, surrounded by family, neighbors, and friends, Leymah Gbowee imagined a bright future. She planned to study biology and chemistry in college and become a pediatrician. Instead, Gbowee writes in her autobiography, Mighty Be Our Powers, within six months of that party in 1989, everything around her was gone—her country torn apart by civil war, her family broken, her plans abandoned. And Gbowee never became a doctor. Gbowee saw civilians murdered before her eyes. She fled with relatives from one shelter to another, often went hungry. Upon returning to Liberia in 1991, she saw a terrible sight: everyone had fled, leaving their homes to the fighters.
Yet her spirit wouldn't die. She began studying under a UNICEF program. Finally, with her family's help, she imagined a movement of women demanding peace in Liberia and made it happen. Traveling from village to village, Gbowee began organizing women and persuaded women of different cultures to unite; under her leadership, thousands of women were dressed all in white to symbolize peace. Gbowee writes：“We were silent before, but after so many of us have been killed, fallen with diseases, and lost our children and families, war has taught us that the future lies in saying no to violence and yes to peace！”
The women had reason to fear, but Gbowee had no choice. Then women could register to vote. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf became Africa's first female president in 2005. Gbowee's work was just beginning. She now travels the world, meeting with everyone from presidents to CEOs to people living in tiny villages, fighting for women and girls.
文章大意：本文是一篇人物介绍。叙述了Leymah Gbowee在自己奇怪的生活被战斗破坏后，没有放弃，而是不断努力，为人权、为妇女儿童权益而斗争，最终成为非洲一名主要的女权运动人物，并荣获2011年诺贝尔和平奖。
1．Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her contributions to ________.
A．the education in Liberia B．the women's movement
C．stopping the world war D．protecting the environment
答案：B　细节理解题。依据第一段中的“founding a movement of women...”和文章后面几段内容可知，莱伊曼·古博韦获得诺贝尔和平奖是由于在妇女运动方面所取得的成果。故答案选B。
2．The underlined word“pediatrician”in Paragraph 2 is close in meaning to ________.
A．teacher B．politician
C．biologist D．doctor
答案：D　词义推想题。依据其次段第四句“And Gbowee never became a doctor.”可推出她方案成为doctor，即pediatrician。故答案选D。
3．What happened to Leymah Gbowee within two years after 1989?
A．She volunteered in shelters.
B．She lived an unsettled life.
C．She wrote an autobiography.
D．She tried to realize her dream.
答案：B　推理推断题。依据其次段中的“She fled with relatives from one shelter to another, often went hungry.”可知，古博韦和她的亲戚一起从一家避难所逃到另一家，还经常挨饿。由此，可推出Gbowee过的是一种漂泊的(unsettled)生活。故答案选B。
4．What effect did the civil war in Liberia have on Leymah Gbowee?
A．The war strengthened her spirit.
B．She gave up a UNICEF program.
C．She kept silent after the war.
D．She didn't expect peace at all.
答案：A　细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Yet her spirit wouldn't die.”以及对她从事的运动的叙述可知，内战没有让古博韦消沉，而是增加了她的信念和意志。故答案选A。
5．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Leymah Gbowee ________.
A．still has a long way to go
B．doesn't have any sense of fear
C．will be another female president
D．will make efforts to be CEO of a company
答案：A　推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Gbowee's work was just beginning.”可知，古博韦的工作还有很长的路要走。故答案选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2022·江苏)
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first __1__ back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an __2__， he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn't afford the __3__ at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done __4__ his farm­work routines. He withdrew from many school activities __5__ he didn't have the time or the __6__. He had only one good suit. He tried __7__ the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too __8__. During this period Dale was slowly __9__ an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could __10__ him from achieving his real potential. She __11__ that Dale join the debating team, believing that __12__ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother's advice, tried desperately and after several attempts __13__ made it. This proved to be a __14__ point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the __15__ he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in __16__. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, __17__， were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to __18__ his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to __19__ an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence. And, __20__ it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了来自密苏里农场籍籍无名的戴尔·卡耐基如何克服困难，获得信念，最终成为一位国际名人。
1．A.admitted B．filled
C．supplied D．recognized
答案：D　由上文提到他找到了一种满足全世界的人的需要的方法，因此，首先应当意识到需要。故选D项，recognize认出，意识到。“早在1906年他上学校时，他第一次意识到那是一种需要”。而admit承认；fill填满，满足；supply供应。皆不合句意。
2．A.assignment B．education
C．advantage D．instruction
答案：B　由下文可知，他努力克服困难过训练，故选B项。assignment作业，任务；advantage特长，好处；instruction指导，指示，训练。皆不合句意。
3．A.training B．board
C．teaching D．equipment
答案：B　由下文“戴尔不得不骑马12公里去上课”，可知是父亲支付不起高校的膳食费。board 伙食，膳食，符合句意。而培训、教学，仪器费不是骑马就能解决的，故可排解。
4．A.between B．during
C．over D．through
答案：A　“学习不得不在他做农活的间隙里进行”，between在……之间，符合句意。during，over，through在……期间，指伴随着同时进行，那是不恰当的，不能一边做农活一边学习。
5．A.while B．when
C．because D．though
答案：C　“他退出学校的很多活动”与“他没有时间”之间是因果关系，故选C项。
6．A.permits B．interest
C．talent D．clothes
答案：D　由下文“他只有一身好衣服”可知他没有参与活动的衣服，故选D项。
7．A.on B．for
C．in D．with
答案：B　由下文“教练拒绝了他”可知他努力参与足球队，故选B项，try for争取参与，努力谋求。
8．A.light B．flexible
C．optimistic D．outgoing
答案：A　light轻的；flexible机敏的；optimistic乐观的；outgoing外向的。对比四个选项，足球教练拒绝他只能是由于“他太轻了”。故选A项。
9．A.gaining B．achieving
C．developing D．obtaining
答案：C　他渐渐产生了自卑感。develop形成，产生，进展，符合句意。gain, achieve, obtain都是“获得”的意思，不合句意。
10．A.prevent B．protect
C．save D．free
答案：A　which引导定语从句，修饰先行词an inferiority complex (自卑感)。他妈妈知道自卑感会阻挡他获得真正的潜能。prevent sb. from doing sth.阻挡某人做某事，故选A项。其他三项，尽管动词搭配正确，但与上下文意思不符。
11．A.suggested B．demanded
C．required D．insisted
答案：A　由下文Dale took his mother's advice，可知是“妈妈建议他参见学校辩论队。”故选A项。
12．A.presence B．practice
C．patience D．potential
答案：B　由下文的tried desperately他舍命努力，可知“他妈妈信任演讲方面的练习会让他得到他需要的自信和认可”，故选B项。presence出席，到场；potential潜力，潜能。皆不合句意。
13．A.hopefully B．certainly
C．finally D．naturally
答案：C　几次尝试之后，他最终成功了。由after可知，在此陈述事情进展的挨次，故选C项。
14．A.key B．breaking
C．basic D．turning
答案：D　这是他人生的转折点。a turning point转折点，拐点。
15．A.progress B．experience
C．competence D．confidence
答案：D　由上文believing that __12__ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.可知，在人群之前演讲的确帮他获得了他需要的自信，故选D项。
16．A.horse­riding B．football
C．speech D．farming
答案：C　由上文所介绍的进展趋势可知，“到他上高中时，他已获得了演讲方面的全部顶级荣誉”，故选C项。
17．A.in return B．in brief
C．in turn D．in fact
答案：C　现在，其他的同学来恳求他的指导，他们，依次，也赢得了竞赛。in turn轮番，依次，反过来，符合句意。in return作为回报，作为报答；in brief简洁说来；in fact事实上。皆不合句意。
18．A.convey B．overcome
C．understand D．build
答案：B　由上文可知，他努力克服自卑感，overcome克服，符合句意。convey传达，表达；understand明白，理解；build建立，树立。皆不合句意。
19．A.express B．stress
C．contribute D．repeat
答案：A　把想法表达给听众的力气(即演讲)建立了人的自信。express表达，符合句意。而stress强调；contribute贡献；repeat重复。皆不合句意。
20．A.besides B．beyond
C．like D．with
答案：D　有了自信，他能做他想要做的任何事情。with有，带着，符合句意。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2022·深圳市二模)
Fleming was a poor Scottish farmer. One day while working in a field, he heard a cry for help. He immediately __1__(throw) his tools away. Following the sound, Fleming came to a deep bog(沼泽), in which a boy was screaming and sinking. Fleming tied a rope around __2__own waist and the other end __3__ a tree, and walked into the bog. With great effort he pulled himself and the boy to __4__(safe). He quickly took the boy to his farmhouse, __5__ Mrs. Fleming fed him, dried his clothes, and sent him home.
The next day a carriage arrived. A well­dressed man stepped out, __6__(say) he was the father of the boy. “You saved my son's life.” said the man.“__7__ can I repay you？”
“I don't want payment.” Fleming replied，”Anyone would have done the same.
Just then, Fleming's son appeared at the door.
“Is he your son？” the man asked. “Yes.” said Fleming __8__(happy).
“I have an idea. Let me pay for his education. If he's like his father, he'll grow to be a man we'll both be proud of.”
And so he did. Thus __9__ farmer's son attended the best schools, graduated from a medical college, and became the world­famous Nobel prize­winning scientist and discoverer of penicillin, Sir Alexander Fleming.
It's said __10__ many years later the man saved from the bog caught pneumonia(肺炎).
Penicillin saved his life. His name? Sir Winston Churchill.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了Fleming勇救陷入沼泽之中的一个男孩——丘吉尔，他的父亲为了答谢Fleming，打算担当Fleming儿子的一切学费；后来受到良好训练的Sir Alexander Fleming制造了青霉素，由此救了患肺炎的丘吉尔。
答案：
1．threw　考查动词的时态。依据上句中的“heard”可知，该句时态为一般过去时。故用throw的过去式threw。
2．his　考查物主代词。Fleming将绳索绑在自己的腰上。依据该句中的“own”以及语境可知，空格处和“own”连用，表示他自己。故用his。
3．to　考查介词的用法。依据语境可知，Fleming将绳索的另一端系在树上。介词to意为“到，去，向”，符合语境。故用to。
4．safety　考查词性转换。依据语境可知，他努力将男孩和自己拉到平安地带。此处指“平安的地方”，因此空格处用形容词safe的名词形式。故用safety。
5．where　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空格后为定语从句，先行词为“farmhouse”，在从句中作地点状语。故用where引导该定语从句。
6．saying　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空格处作主句的状语，动词“say”和该句主语“A well­dressed man”之间在规律上为主动关系，并表示动作伴随发生，故用动词的现在分词形式saying。
7．How　考查疑问副词。依据语境可知，那个男子说：“你救了我儿子的性命，我该如何感谢你？”故用疑问副词how，意为“怎样，如何”。留意首字母要大写。
8．happily　考查词性转换。分析该句结构可知，空格处修饰该句中的动词“said”。故用副词happily。
9．the　考查冠词的用法。句意为：因而，这个农夫的儿子进入了最好的学校。空格处特指上文提及的Fleming的儿子。故用定冠词the。
10．that　考查连接代词。句意为：据说多年以后，那个从沼泽中被挽救的男子得了肺炎。It is said that...为固定句型，意为“据说……”。故用that。