2022高考英语完形类和阅读类训练(4)及答案.docx

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Peters job was to examine cars when they crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every evening he would see a factory worker coming _1_ the hill towards the frontier, _2_ a bike with a pile of goods of old straw on it. When the bike _3_ the frontier, Peter would stop the man and _4_ him take the straw off and untie it. Then he would examine the straw very _5_ to see _6_ he could find anything, after which he would look in all the mans pockets _7_ he let him tie the straw again. The man would then put it on his bike and go off down the hill with it. Although Peter was always _8_ to find gold or other valuable things _9_ in the straw, he never found _10_. He was sure the man was _11_ something, but he was not _12_ to think out what it could be.Then one evening, after he had looked _13_ the straw and emptied the workers pockets _14_ usual, he _15_ to him, “Listen, I know you are smuggling things _16_ this frontier. Wont you tell me what it is? Im an old man, and todays my last day on the _17_. Tomorrow Im going to _18_. I promise I shall not tell _19_ if you tell me what youve been smuggling.” The worker did not say anything for _20_. Then he smiled, turned to Peter and said quietly, “Bikes.”名师点评这篇完型填空叙述了身为边防检查员的彼得明知一个工厂工人在走私货物却无法抓住对方的把柄。在退休的前一天，彼得恳请其说出真相，结果令彼得恍然大悟。(D)1. A. towardsB. downC. toD. up【解析】D。依据下文这个工人越过边界后，走下山坡，所以到达边界之前应在朝山上走。故选up。(C)2. A. fillingB. pullingC. pushingD. carrying【解析】C。这名工人是在推着一辆装有稻草的自行车，故选动词pushing。(D)3. A. arrivedB. appearedC. cameD. reached【解析】D。这里表达的是到达边界之意arrive, come为不及物动词不行直接接 the frontier，故选reached。(C)4. A. askB. orderC. makeD. call【解析】C。ask与order后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前应有to, make后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前to要省去。依据下文应选make。(A)5. A. carefullyB. quicklyC. silentlyD. horribly【解析】A。彼得想发觉这个工人在走私什么，所以应认真地检查。故选carefully。(D)6. A. thatB. whereC. howD. whether【解析】D。这里依据文意，应选择表示“是否”之意的whether作宾语从句的引导词。(A)7. A. beforeB. afterC. firstD. so【解析】A。依据常理，彼得应先检查这个工人的口袋才能让他捆起稻草走人，故选before。(B)8. A. luckyB. hopingC. thinkingD. wondering【解析】B依据文意，彼得心中始终怀着查获走私物品的期望，故选hoping。(B)9. A. had beenB. hiddenC. hidingD. have been【解析】B。这里things和hide之间是被动关系,现在分词hiding作定语时表示主动，所以应用过去分词hidden作后置定语表被动。(D)10. A. nothingB. somethingC. everythingD. anything【解析】D。本句中否定词never及文意打算了这里应选 anything。(B)11. A. takingB. smugglingC. stealingD. pushing【解析】B。四个选项从语法上讲都可以，只能从文意上进行区分，smuggling意为“走私”，是正确选项。(C)12. A. possibleB. strongC. ableD. clever【解析】C。固定结构be able to do sth. 意为“能够干某事”。(A)13. A. throughB. thoroughlyC. uponD. up【解析】A。习惯用语look through 意为“彻底检查”。(D)14. A. likeB. more C. thenD. as【解析】D。“as usual”为固定短语，意为“象平常一样”。(D)15. A. toldB. cried C. orderedD. said【解析】D。tell, order后面应直接接人作宾语表示告知某人和命令某人，而用say应为say to sb. 故said为正确选项。(C)16. A. crossB. past C. acrossD. into【解析】C这里应选择一个介词构成介词短语在句中做状语。介词past 表“经过”； across 强调“从一边到另一边”；而into 表示“进入到里面”。 依据文意across应为正确选项。(C)17. A. thingB. work C. jobD. duty【解析】C。“on the job”为一常用短语。意为“执行公务”。(C)18. A. restB. back C. retireD. retreat【解析】C。由于今日是彼得最终一天上班说明明天他就要退休retire。(B)19. A. everyoneB. anyone C. no oneD. someone【解析】B。依据句中否定词not 及文意应选anyone。(D)20. A. momentB. long time C. sometimeD. some time【解析】D。本句说明这个工人回答彼得的问题之前缄默了一会儿。A选项应用a moment； C选项表示某一点时间； D选项表示一段时间或一会儿，为正确选项。语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】A: Hello, Bobby, It seems that I_1_arrive at your home by 12 oclock.B: What happened? Were all expecting you, Hans, Dick, Archie.A: Im so sorry, Ive been_2_(hold) up by the damn traffic jam for half_3_hour. Id_4_(arrive) but for that.B: I see._5_are you now, Li?A: Thirty meters ahead is the Waterloo Bridge.B: Its not far away from home, itslet me seeabout 20 minutes walk, Can you walk here? A: Ive thought of that, but what can I do_6_my car？_7_only I had taken a taxi! B: Thats too bad, but dont worry. Well put_8_dinner till one oclock.A: Im so_9_(terrible) sorry to keep you_10_(wait)B: It doesnt matter. Bye.A: Bye.1_2._3._4._5._6_7._8._9._10._答案：1.cant2.held3.an4.have arrived5.Where6.with7.If8.off9.terribly10.waiting 语法填空。阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(原创)The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2021 is awarded to the Canadian author Alice Munro, “master of the contemporary short story”. Canadas Alice Munro1(call)the“master of the contemporary short story”won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences announced Thursday. The prize committee compared the 82-year-old author2Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian3is considered one of the greatest short story writers in history. Shes the first Canadian-based writer4(win)the literature award. Saul Bellow, who won it in 1976, was born in Quebec but moved to the United States as a child and is regarded as5U. S. author. Munro is the 13th woman to receive the literature prize. “On behalf of all Canadians, ”Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said in a tweet, “6(congratulation)to Alice Munro. ”After the prestigious award7(announce), the Nobel committee said on Twitter that it hadnt been able to contact Munro and left a phone message to tell8the good news. But The Canadian Press contacted her, and she was quoted as saying the award was“quite wonderful”and she was“9(terrible)surprised”. “I knew I was in the running, yes, 10I never thought I would win, ”she said, according to a Toronto Star story quoting The Canadian Press. 【文章大意】诺贝尔奖官方宣布, 2021年诺贝尔文学奖授予加拿大女作家爱丽丝门罗, 颁奖词称其为“当代短篇小说大师”。1. 【解析】called。考查过去分词。call和规律主语Alice Munro之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态作定语。2. 【解析】to。考查介词。compare. . . to . . . 把比作。本句句意是: 组委会把这位82岁的女作者比作19世纪俄国作家契诃夫。3. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。who引导定语从句修饰Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian, 并在从句中作主语。4. 【解析】to win。考查不定式。the first / second. . . 后要接不定式作定语。5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处是泛指一位美国作家, 应用不定冠词表泛指。6. 【解析】congratulations。考查名词。表示庆贺时, 应用congratulation的复数形式。7. 【解析】was announced。考查被动语态。announce和award之间是被动关系, 且是发生在过去的事情, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。8. 【解析】her。考查人称代词。指代上文中提到的Munro。9. 【解析】terribly。考查副词。修饰形容词(surprised), 应用副词。10. 【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 我知道我有期望, 但我从来没想过会获奖。上下文之间是转折关系, 应用but连接。【2021高考复习】阅读理解The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well.Then，suddenly，the interviewer asks an unexpected question，“Which is more important，law or Dove？”Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this.And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.Employers want people skilled，enthusiastic and devoted.So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are.In response，employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicants true personality.The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Keirsey Personality Sorter.It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.This is often called an aptitude test (力气倾向测验)According to Mark Baldwin many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult.When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.This is sometimes called the prisoners dilemma.Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest.But they fail because they dont understand what the interviewer is looking for.Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.【语篇解读】本文叙述了现代企业聘请面试中的力气倾向测试并为求职者供应了回答此类问题的技巧。1The writer wrote the passage to_.Agive you a piece of advice on a job interviewBtell you how to meet a job interviewerCdescribe the aptitude test Dadvice you how to find a job解析写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文意在为面试者供应建议。答案A2Why do the interviewers ask such questions?AThey want to discover what the interviewees know.BThey are curious about the answers.CThey try to discover the ability of the interviewees solving problems.DThey just ask questions without thinking much.解析细节理解题。依据第四段中的“It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.”可知答案为C项。答案C3According to the writer，in an aptitude test，Chinese job applicants should_.Anot tell the truthBlearn to tell what they really thinkCbe more enthusiasticDtry to find out what the examiner really want to know解析细节理解题。依据最终一段的最终一句“Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.”可知，在力气倾向测验中，求职者应当给出一个恳切的答案。答案B4From the passage we know that_.Ajob applicants are always asked such questionsBmore Chinese applicants fail to find a jobCapplicants should not act as reasonably as a prisonerDthe aptitude test is becoming popular worldwide解析推理推断题。依据文章其次段的内容可知，西方的求职者们不断发觉他们被问到类似这样的惊异问题，而且有迹象表明这种状况在中国也开头毁灭。由此可推知D项正确。答案D阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court. After the accident , my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day . But the next day , he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done . I was astonished . He had good reason to charge me , he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury , Id have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor , it was only fair that I should pay him .But every time I went to see the doctor , I had to wait about 50 minutes . He would see two or three patients at the same time ,and often stop treating one so as to see another . Yet he charged me $115 each time . The final examination report consisted of ten lines , and it cost me $215. My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met . But after that he avoided seeing me at all . He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident , yet he hardly did anything . He simply waited to collect his money . He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him . And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America . Knowing that ,they played for time, and I left without getting a cent. My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything . It is more important than friendship, honor or professional morality . Secondly ,foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America , we should see both its good and bad sides .1. The authors roommate offered to help him because _. A. he felt sorry for the author B. he thought it was a chance to make some money C. he knew the doctor was a very good one D. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer2. A good doctor is essential for the author to_ . A. be properly treated B. talk with the person responsible for the accident C. recover before he leaves America D. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury3. The underlined word “ charge “ in this passage means _. A. be responsible B. accuse C. ask as a price D. claim4. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very _. A. friendly B. greedy C. professional D. busy5. What conclusion can you draw from the story ? A. Going to court is something very common in America. B. One must be very careful while driving a car . C. there are more bad sides in America than good sides . D. Money is more important than other things in the US.【参考答案】15、BDCBD【四川省2022“联测促改”活动模拟试题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答落卡上将该项涂黑。I must first thank the writers and editors of Scienlljic American and Scientific American Mind for the excellent articles on which so much of this book is based; they arc acknowledged (致谢)in detail in the Sources.I am most grateful to he famous netunscicutists ( 神经系统科学家) and experts who kindly gave their time to help re c son out what might be in the quite near future, and who have contributed much toneuroscience, especially R. Douglas Fields, Joseph l.cl)oux, Richard Davidson, Philip Kennedy, and Hank Greely, an expert on the legal, ethical, and social problems surrounding this brave new world of neuroscience.The captivating (有吸引力的) concept for this book came from the creative and hard working team at Jossey-Bass. who arc much appreciated. For the second time, I want to give heartfelt thanks to my editor Alan Rinzler and senior editorial assistant Nana Twumasi. who have contributed so much to the shaping and creation of this book; Carol Hartland, production talent; l3ev Miller, much more than a copyeditor；first-rate writer researcher l3rianna Smith； Paula Goldstein. who designed the books inside; and all the marketing people who put my book in your hands: Jennifer Wenzel. Erin 13carn. P. J. Campbell, Karen Warner. At Scie,rifre American, Diane McGarvey and Lisa Pallatroni were responsible fur finding archived(存档的) material of so many years. Thank you.My family, good friends, and fellow writers have once again listened to me struggle endlessly and talk wildly about the difficulties of writing about brain. Many thanks to you all, in particular to first readers Kelly A. Dakin (who corrected many of my errors and added valuable content). Ann Crew, Ferris Buck Kelley, Frank Urbanowski, and Andrea llurst (for sending this book my way) and the wonderfully productive and generous writing community of Sacramento.39. What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?A. To show that he had expert friends in various fields.B. To express his excitement for having published his book.C. To express his thanks to those who have helped him with the hook.D. To show that so many well-known people have helped him recently.40. What is the authors book mainly about?A. Literature. B. Health. C. Law. D. Brain.41. What work has Erin Beam done for the author.A. Selling the book. B. Correcting errors.C. Designing the book. D. Offering base for the book.42. Way does the author mention his family?A. Because they loved him so much.B. Because they helped him most in writing.C. Because they often listened to him read his writing.D. Because they shared sufferings with him in his