2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练(12)及答案(含短文改错).docx

2021高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练（12）及答案（含短文改错）
语法填空
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　(原创)We’ve heard of people being reunited with their wedding rings after losing them, and one U. K. woman’s story may take the cake.
　　Brenda Caunter lost her wedding ring 41 years ago　1　gardening in her yard. She and her husband Dave searched for the ring　2　in vain, and Dave ended up　3　(replace)the nine-carat ring, according to The Daily Mail.
　　But this week, more than four decades after the ring went　4　(miss), it was reunited with its owner. Dave spotted one of their　5　(neighbor)using a metal detector and asked him to check the area　6　Brenda lost the ring, on the off chance that it might still be there. And sure enough, it was.
　　“When we got the phone call to say it　7　(find)I didn’t know what to say, ”said Brenda, pictured above with Dave and the ring.
　　It seems like lost wedding rings have a way of turning up, 　8　(especial)when they’re lost in someone’s yard. In November 2022, a woman was reunited　9　the ring she lost in her sister’s yard 17 years prior. And in 2011, 　10　Swedish woman found her wedding ring growing around a carrot in her garden 16 years after she lost it.
【文章大意】丢失的感情找不回, 但丢失的婚戒, 即便过去40多年, 还是有机会找回的! 有一对英国夫妇, 妻子41年前在院子里种植花木的时候丢失了婚戒, 而最近, 借助邻居的金属探测器, 戒指找到了回家的路。
1. 【解析】while。考查连词。句意: 41年前, Brenda Caunter在院子里种植花木的时候丢失了她的婚戒。while在……时候, 引导时间状语从句。
2. 【解析】but。考查并列连词。上下文是转折关系, 且无逗号与其他部分隔开, 应用并列连词but。
3. 【解析】replacing。考查现在分词。end up doing最终做某事。
4. 【解析】missing。考查形容词。go missing失踪, 不见了。
5. 【解析】neighbors。考查名词单复数。由前面的one of可知, 此处应用名词复数形式。
6. 【解析】where。考查关系副词。where引导定语从句, 修饰area, 从句中缺少地点状语, 应用where引导。
7. 【解析】had been found。考查时态和语态。首先, it和find之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态; 其次, got the phone call是发生在过去的动作, find是发生在got the phone call之前的动作, 即“过去的过去”, 应用过去完成时。
8. 【解析】especially。考查副词。修饰整个句子when they’re lost in someone’s yard, 应用副词。
9. 【解析】with。考查介词。reunite . . . with. . . 和……重新团聚。
10. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处泛指“一位瑞典的女士”, 应用不定冠词a表示泛指。

【广东省汕头市2022高考英语 3月模拟试题】
完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，把握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do 1 . When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other 2 when you choose your food. You may 3 it because it smells good or because it 4 good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.
Different 5 use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.
Although there are many 6 types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one 7 type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the 8 . A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other 9 in the garden. However, most animals have a more 10 diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The 11 of these animals will be different depending on the season.
12 have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is 13 for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much 14 . This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal 15 , such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modem life.
1. A. males B. children C. humans D. adults
2. A. organs B. senses C. parts D. means
3. A. hate B. sell C. like D. fancy
4. A. digests B. consumes C. touches D. tastes
5. A. creatures B. mammals C. people D. animals
6. A. different B. rare C. familiar D. unique
7. A. typical B. particular C. special D. unusual
8. A. food B. meal C. choice D. diet
9. A. flowers B: vegetables C. fruits D. branches
10. A. varied B. creative C. random D. nutritious
11. A. fish B. fruit C. diet D. insect
12. A. Animals B. Chinese C. Humans D. Foreigners
13. A. effective B. beneficial C. delicious D. attractive
14. A. sugar B. nicotine C. fiber D. alcohol
15. A. products B. attachments C. goods D. subscriptions
【参考答案】1—15、CBCDD ABCBA CCBAA

阅读理解。
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽视) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
( ) 1. The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
( ) 2. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study. ( ) 4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
( ) 5. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学争辩发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。
1. 答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第三段 “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽视) the mouth.” 可以得出答案
2. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第五段 “…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以推断选C
3. 答案：A
考点：词义猜想
解析：依据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在争辩中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可推断选A
4. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第六段 “It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可推断选C
5. 答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：文章首先指出科学争辩的最新发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍争辩的结构及其争辩过程，最终得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此推断最佳标题应为B。

阅读理解。
Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.
“I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home,’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.
The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.
With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.
At the same time, tuition（学费）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,
“If we go on this way for another 25years, we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”
Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
1. According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?
A. The twins wasted too much money. B. The father was out of work.
C. Their saving ran out. D. The family fell apart.
2. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?
A. They asked their kids to come home.
B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school.
C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.
D. They got help from the school and the federal government.
3. Financial aid administrators believe that _______.
A. more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses
B. the government will receive more letters of complaint
C. college tuition fees will double soon
D. America’s unemployment will fall
4.What can we learn about the middle class families from the text?
A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.
B. Their income remained steady in the last decade.
C. They will try their best to send kids to college.
D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.
5.According to the last paragraph, the government will .
A. provide most students will scholarships
B. dismiss some financial aid administrators
C. stop the companies from making student loans
D. go on providing financial support for college students
【文章大意】这是一篇关于学费贷款的文章。
【参考答案】1---5、BDACD

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出推断：如无错误，在答题卡相应的位置上萄一个勾(、／)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列状况改正：此行多—个词：把多余的词写在答题卡相应的位置上，用斜线(、)划掉·
此行缺—个词：在答题卡相应的位置上写出该加的词，并附带前(后)词·此行话一个词：在答题卡相应的位置上写出该错词和改正后的词。
留意：原行没有错的不要改。
I was a honest child indeed. I didn’t dare to tell lies. 1.
because of my eyes often let the secret out. I remembered 2.
telling a lie to my parents, and I could hard fix my eyes on 3.
my father’s face, to let alone my mother’s eyes. I glanced 4.
here and there, up and down, nervously. 5.
However, after I came to Beijing, I no longer have to 6.
worry my nervous eyes because everything I wanted to say 7.
was sent by letter. I found myself often tell small lies. I wrote 8.
“I’m well in Beijing. I enjoy the food selling at the university. 9.
And at weekends, I often buy fried chickens or pork to eat.” 10.
【参考答案】4.
1.a honest child改为an honest child 2.because of改为because
3.hard改为hardly 4.To let改为let 5.√
6.have to 改为had to 7.worry改为worry about
8.tell改为telling 9.selling改为sold 10.chickens改为chicken