【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮(人教版)复习练习：选修6-Unit-5.docx

第一部分　选修六　Unit 5
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022·海口市调测)
Born out of technology developed in the search for the world's most powerful bomb, nuclear power has ever since cast a heavy shadow over its benefits.
The pictures of what was left of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 after the United States dropped the atomic bomb left the world with a feeling of mental pain—200 000 people died in a second, and once­crowded cities were destroyed completely. But it was the cloud of radiation that couldn't be seen and no one could defend against that affected generations. Popular American movies like the 1983 film The Day After played on people's fears with pictures of a nuclear winter so destructive that it would kill almost every living thing. Yet, by that same year, nuclear energy plants were being built from Argentina to South Korea to satisfy the demand for cheap, dependable sources of energy. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency, by 2009, nuclear energy produced almost 14 percent of the world's electricity supplies. And the total demand for energy worldwide has continued to rise, although the latest nuclear disaster at Japan's Fukushima plant appears to have discouraged enthusiasm for the energy source.
Other major sources of energy have their own benefits—and their own set of risks. Oil is limited, likely to be affected by political pressure and rising prices, and has caused serious environmental disasters of its own. Coal is blamed for serious air pollution, and mining for coal is an often perilous profession: coal mining accidents from Colombia to China have resulted in thousands of deaths. Natural gas pollutes the air less than oil or coal, but old and leakprone(简洁泄漏的) natural gas pipelines can explode, killing and injuring dozens of people. Water power is a renewable and clean source of energy, but building dams requires a lot of land, and if they burst, the environmental damage is widespread.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过列举核能、石油、煤、自然 气、水能的优缺点，说明白任何一种能源都有其危急的一面。
1．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．nuclear energy is a double­edged sword
B．the demand for nuclear energy is declining
C．the nuclear disaster in Japan meant the end of nuclear energy
D．nuclear energy produces one­third of the world's electricity supplies
答案：A　推理推断题。依据其次段可知，一方面原子弹的使用致使数十万人死亡，整座城市被毁，另一方面核能源给人类供应了近14%的电能。由此可知，核能是一把双刃剑。故选A。
2．The underlined word “perilous” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．high­rewarding　　　　　 B．tiring
C．appealing D．dangerous
答案：D　词义猜想题。依据本句话中冒号后的内容“coal mining accidents from Colombia to China have resulted in thousands of deaths.”可知，煤矿发生的事故已经夺取了很多人的生命，由此可推知，此处指采煤是一种危急的工作。故选D，意为“危急的”。
3．What's the advantage of natural gas over oil and coal according to the passage?
A．It is easier to transport. B．It causes less air pollution.
C．It requires less effort to get. D．It is more abundant in nature.
答案：B　细节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Natural gas pollutes the air less than oil or coal”可知，答案选B。
4．What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To advocate saving energy.
B．To promote nuclear energy.
C．To inform the risks of power.
D．To raise environmental awareness.
答案：C　写作意图题。作者首先分析了核能既能大规模地杀伤人类又能给人类供应能源，是一把双刃剑；接着又说明白石油、煤、自然 气、水能这些看起来好像没有危急的能源实际上也是暗藏着危急。由此可知，作者的目的是提示我们任何能源都具有危急性。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022·邯郸市二模)
A large number of people have a preference for bottled water, because they feel that tap water may not be safe. __1__
Bottled water is mostly sold in plastic bottles. __2__ Processing the plastic can lead the harmful chemicals into the water contained in the bottles. The chemicals can be taken in the body and cause physical discomfort.
__3__ Bacteria(细菌) can increase in large numbers if the water is kept on the shelves for too long or if it is exposed(暴露) to heat or direct sunlight. The information on storage and shipment is not always readily available to consumers. __4__
Besides these safety problems, bottled water has other disadvantages. It contributes to global warming. About 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide was produced in 2022 by the production of plastic for bottled water. __5__ According to one research, 90% of the bottles used are not recycled and lie for ages in landfills(填埋场)．
A．Do you like to drink bottled water?
B．But is bottled water really any better?
C．That's why it possibly causes health problems.
D．The problem concerning bottled water remains to be settled.
E．Health risks can also result from unfit store of bottled water.
F．In addition, bottled water produces large amount of solid waste.
G．Because of this, bottled water may not be a better choice, compared to tap water.
文章大意：很多人都偏爱瓶装水。其实瓶装水有卫生平安、造成全球变暖危害以及产生固体废物垃圾等很多问题。
1．B　考查上下文规律关系。前面讲人们偏爱瓶装水，后面讲的是瓶装水的危害。所以表示前后转折的B项符合语境。
2．C　前面讲的是瓶装水大多数是用塑料装的，后面讲的是塑料制品生产过程中产生的危害。所以C项承上启下，符合语境。
3．E　空后讲的是瓶装水的贮存可能带来细菌的大量滋生。所以E项“健康问题源于不合适的贮存”符合语境。
4．G　此句作为瓶装水有平安问题的总结发言，由于下一段就是平安问题之外的缺点了。所以G项总结上文，与第一空照应。
5．F　空后讲的是瓶装水造成的固体垃圾污染问题。所以F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022·太原五中5月模拟)
Lynn：I really want to find a good job. Do you have any advice?
Kate：Oh, lots of advice! First, be sure to dress __1__(proper) for the interview. If it's for a teaching job, as I did 20 years ago, then you might want to consider __2__(wear) nice pants and a dress shirt. __3__， you won't like to wear clothes that are too formal and elegant for the interview nowadays.
Lynn：I see. Anything __4__ would you suggest I should pay attention to?
Kate：Well, second, be sure to do some research on the company for __5__ you are being interviewed. This will help you know if you have the needed skills or experience to work for that company. You can also ask the __6__(interview), usually their personnel manager, about three intelligent questions about their business. That will show you are interested in their company.
Lynn：That's good advice! Any last thoughts?
Kate：Yes, finally, be prepared to tell them why you would be the __7__(good) choice for the position. You don't have to talk too much about what you __8__(study) for 4 years in university, but you can tell them __9__ a confident and direct way why you can help their company. Following the above tips, you will find a satisfying job sooner or later.
Lynn：Thank you very much. I have got to buy some new clothes and then finish my __10__(apply)．
文章大意：Lynn 要去面试找工作，Kate给了她很多建议。
答案：
1．properly　修饰动词dress，用副词。
2．wearing　consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”。
3．However　前后句之间是转折关系；再由标点逗号可知，填however而非but。
4．else　else修饰不定代词和疑问代词而且均放在后面，意为“其它的，另外”。
5．which　由所在句子前后均有谓语动词可知，此处填连接词；再由句意可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为company，指物，介词for后接which。
6．interviewer　问考官(interviewer)一些问题。
7．best　预备好告知考官你是那个职位的最佳(best)人选。
8．have studied　由时间状语“for 4 years”和句意可知，用现在完成时。
9．in　way常与介词in搭配。in a confident and direct way“用一种自信而直接的方式”。
10．application　此处填名词作宾语。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2022·保定二模)
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bikes. My brother rode with me sit on the seat behind. As we came to first crossroads a young man and a girl walked up and stopped me. “We've got you at last.” They said happy. And we didn't know them. At no time the young man gave us his explanation. He pointed to the policeman and said, “It is he stopped us about half an hour ago and made us to catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. Hope you don't have to wait as long as we do. Good luck.”
答案：
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by . My brother rode with me on the seat behind. As we came to first crossroads a young man and a girl walked up and stopped . “We've got you at last.” They said . we didn't know them. no time the young man gave us his explanation. He pointed to the policeman and said, “It is he stopped us about half an hour ago and made us to catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. Hope you don't have to wait as long as we . Good luck.”