2021届高考英语二轮复习提能专训-语法10-专题十-定语从句-Word版含解析.docx

提能专训(十)　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句)
1．(2022·山东潍坊高三联考)Mo Yan, most of ________ novels have been adapted for films, is now a world－famous writer.
答案：whose　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句；先行词指人，因关系词在从句中作novels的定语，因此用关系代词whose。
2．(2022·重庆高三联合测试)David Beckham is retiring from soccer, ending a career ________ he became a global superstar who went beyond the sport.
答案：in which/where　解析：考查定语从句。本空需用关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词a career，表示“在这个生涯里”，因此用in which或where引导定语从句。
3．The Voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, ________ some of them have stood out among others.
答案：where　解析：考查定语从句。句意：《中国好声音》为有音乐才能的年轻人供应了一个大舞台，在这个舞台上一些人脱颖而出。逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。
4．The reason ________ we succeed was ________ we had a group with a strong spirit of innovation and teamwork.
答案：why; that　解析：考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我们成功的缘由是我们有一个具有很强的创新精神和合作精神的团队。“________ we succeed”是定语从句，修饰The reason，从句中缺少缘由状语，故第一空用why引导；“________ we had ... and teamwork”是表语从句，且从句句意完整，不缺任何成分，故其次空用that。
5．The result was not the same ________ the professor had expected, ________ was rather disappointing.
答案：as; which　解析：考查定语从句。第一空，the same as为固定结构，意为“与……一样”；“______ was rather disappointing”为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面整个句子的内容。故其次空应用which。
6．The classroom is crowded with children ________ have poor eyesight, all of ________ interested in painting.
答案：who; them　解析：考查定语从句和独立主格结构。句意：教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感爱好。“who have poor eyesight”是定语从句，修饰先行词children。“all of them interested in painting”是独立主格结构。
7．In the past seven years, she wrote four scripts and a play, none of ________ has seen the light of day.
答案：which　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在过去的七年里，她写了四部电影剧本和一部戏剧，但是没有一个发表。句中先行词是four scripts and a play，其后是非限制性定语从句，故用which。
8. (2022·北京海淀区高三期末)This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of.
答案：that　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这家餐馆有一种迷人的、如家一般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。这里需要用关系代词引导定语从句，关系代词指物并在从句中作宾语，因此用that或which。
9．(2022·浙江考试院抽学校高三抽测测试)The products, several of ________ have been recently introduced, seem to be well accepted.
答案：which　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这些产品，其中一些近来已经被引进了，看起来被大家广泛接受。该句中，先行词为The products，引导定语从句的关系词作介词of的宾语，所以用which。
10．In spite of all ________ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the prices of housing in China.
答案：that　解析：考查定语从句。先行词为不定代词all，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用that引导定语从句，且不能省略。
11．—I can't find Mr Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
—It was in the hotel ________ he stayed.
答案：where　解析：考查定语从句及强调句的省略形式。where he stayed是定语从句，修饰先行词the hotel。答语使用了强调句的省略形式，将其补充完整应为“It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning.”。
12．(2022·南京高三模考)—How do you understand life?
—It is a constant match ________ the greatest opponent is yourself.
答案：where　解析：考查定语从句。句意：——你如何理解生活？——它是一场没有终点的竞赛，在这个竞赛中最大的对手是你自己。依据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是a constant match，空处在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where。
13．(2022·沈阳高三质量监测)—When did you first read Mo Yan's stories?
—In 2005 ________ I was attending high school.
答案：when　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，2005是先行词，关系词在后面的定语从句中充当的是时间状语，故用关系副词when。
14．(2022·成都高中毕业班诊断性检测)American students take part in a wide variety of after－school activities ________ they develop their social skills.
答案：where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
15．(2022·湖南“五市十校”高三联合检测)High school is a good time ________ we learn to give serious thought to our future.
答案：when　解析：考查定语从句。句意：高中时代是一个奇特的时代，在这个时代我们应当学会认真地思考我们的将来。分析句子结构可知a good time为先行词，后面的定语从句缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(人物故事类＋广告信息类)
A
The first day of school our professor challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know. I turned around to find a wrinkled (有皱纹的) old lady. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm 87 years old. Can I give you a hug？” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may！”， and she gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such a young, innocent age？” I asked. I was curious what may have motivated her to be taking on this challenge at her age.
“I always dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one！” she told me. After class we shared a chocolate milk shake. We became instant friends. Every day for the next three months, we would leave class together and talk non－stop. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus star and she easily made friends wherever she went.
At the end of the term we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet (宴会). I'll never forget what she taught us. She cleared her throat and began, “ We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. If you are 19 years old and lie in bed for one full year and don't do one productive thing, you will turn 20 years old. If I am 87 years old and stay in bed for a year and never do anything, I will turn 88. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the opportunity in change and have no regrets.”
At the year's end Rose finished the college degree. One week after graduation, Rose died peacefully in her sleep. Over 2,000 college students attended her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by example that it's never too late to be all you can possibly be.
1. Where did the author first get to know Rose?
A. In a cafe. B．In class.
C. At a banquet. D．In the library.
2. What did Rose want to do through her speech?
A. Express gratefulness for her education.
B. Share her ambition with others.
C. Encourage her college mates.
D. Show her speaking skills.
3. What does the author think of Rose?
A. Energetic and caring.
B. Positive and admirable.
C. Curious and friendly.
D. Innocent and enthusiastic.
4. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. A Forever Friend B．Memory of College Life
C．We All Grow Older D．Never Too Late to Dream
答案：
【语篇解读】　一位87岁的老奶奶在她生命的最终阶段仍坚持追求幻想。她用实际行动告知大家：任何人都会变老，但并不是每个人都在成长，追求幻想永久不会太晚。
1. B　解析：细节理解题。依据文章第一段的第一句“The first day of school our professor challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know”可知，作者是在课堂上生疏Rose的，因此选择B项。
2. C　解析：推理推断题。从Rose的讲话及第三段的最终一句“The idea is to grow up by always finding the opportunity in change and have no regrets”可推知，Rose是在鼓舞她的同学，因此选择C项。
3. B　解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“I was curious what may have motivated her to be taking on this challenge at her age”及第四段的最终一句可推知，作者认为Rose是乐观的、令人鄙视的。故选B项。
4. D　解析：标题推断题。由于有幻想，所以87岁的Rose还在上高校。结合本文最终一段中的“it's never too late to be all you can possibly be”可知，D项最适合作文章标题。
B
Here are a few museum exhibits that are perfect for families. Just find out the one that interests your kids.

Rain Room
This exhibit can tell where visitors are when it is raining, so you can walk around freely without getting wet. The installation(安装) has been made skillfully, so only 10 people are allowed in at a time, which means there's always a line. Still, where else can kids run around in a rainstorm without being blamed by their parents?
Address：Museum of Modern Art　　　　　Time：May 1－July 28
Ticket Prices：$25 for adults, free for children under 17

Hopper Drawing
Though this exhibit isn't aimed at kids, Edward Hopper's drawings show scenes any child can connect with everyday life: things in the buildings or people on the streets. More than 2,500 of Hopper's drawings are on show alongside Nighthawks and other famous paintings.
Address：Whitney Museum of American Art
Time：June 6－October 6
Ticket Prices：$20 for adults, free for children under 19

　　Shipwreck! Pirates & Treasure
Examine more than 500 artifacts(工艺品) discovered from the ships lost at sea. Old gold and silver coins, ancient glass bottles and other unearthed things give kids a close look at life at sea during different periods of American history. You can also learn about the modern technology that helped uncover these treasures.
Address：Times Square Discovery Exhibition
Time：August 5－November 10
Ticket Prices：$28 for adults, $15 for children ages 4－12

　　The Art for the Brick
Those who are interested in buildings may find this Lego exhibit a good place to visit. Artist Nathan Sawaya created 100 unbelievable sculptures out of the popular plastic bricks(积木) including a 20­foot­long dinosaur and his signature piece, Yellow, a man with bricks bursting from his stomach.
Address：Children's Museum of the Arts
Time：September 10－December 25
Ticket Prices：$18 for adults, $7 for children ages 5－13
5.What do we know about Rain Room?
A．People can only visit it on weekends.
B．Children are allowed in without tickets.
C．It is big enough to hold hundreds of people.
D．The rain falls everywhere except on visitors.
6．Shipwreck! Pirates & Treasure shows ________.
A．the life under the sea
B．how to collect old coins
C．the sailing history of America
D．how ancient ships were made
7．If a 9­year­old boy and his parents go to the Art of the Brick, they should pay ________.
A．$40 B．$43
C．$50 D．$71
答案：
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文，文章主要介绍了几个适合全家人参观的博物馆展览。
5．D　解析：推理推断题。由Rain Room一节中的This exhibit can tell where visitors are when it is raining, so you can walk around freely without getting wet可知D项说法正确。
6．C　解析：细节理解题。由Shipwreck! Pirates & Treasure一节中的．..give kids a close look at life at sea during different periods of American history可知C项说法正确。
7．B　解析：数字计算题。由The Art of the Brick一节中的Ticket Prices: $18 for adults, $7 for children ages 5－13可知，九岁的儿童和其父母一共需要花费43美元。
Ⅲ.完形填空(夹叙夹议文)
When I was a child I had a model railway set. As I drove my train around the track I set myself __1__ goals：“Keep the train at a constant speed” and “let it travel as __2__ as I can”. This was fun and exciting. Finally, I was __3__ to find myself driving the train around bends at full speed. Of course, the train went off the rails, but it did not __4__ me.
The few __5__ I had only served to reassure(使……确信) me that it was possible. I just __6__ the majority of failures and kept trying to repeat the __7__ of successes, since I had __8__ motivation. It was only then that my father __9__ what I was doing and stopped me so that I restarted to __10__ what I was doing. Interestingly my father had to try hard to get the train __11__ out of my hands. I had not realized that I had been __12__ them so tightly. For the first time in my life I noticed my heart __13__ rapidly. With the help of my father I realized I should __14__ my goals and use steady force. In the end, I did it __15__.
I use this example to show what I __16__ driven motivation. It comes from within us and takes us over for a time. Motivation can __17__ us, but if not managed it can cause us to __18__ the reality and act as a catalyst (催化剂) for __19__ behavior. Therefore, we should learn to manage our motivation in order to be more __20__ in our lives and work.
1. A. unclear B．specific
C. high D realistic
2. A. quickly B．freely
C. quietly D．carefully
3. A. annoyed B．amazed
C. confused D．concerned
4. A. discourage B．disturb
C. discover D．distrust
5. A. difficulties B．problems
C. experiments D．successes
6. A. ignored B．imagined
C. valued D．admitted
7. A. secret B．power
C. minority D．meaning
8. A. poor B．real
C. primary D．strong
9. A. noticed B．praised
C. followed D．believed
10. A. talk about B．think about
C. learn from D．set down
11. A. tickets B．controls
C. guards D．windows
12. A. packing B．biting
C. holding D．pushing
13. A. kicking B．knocking
C. shaking D．beating
14. A. set B．score
C. lower D．achieve
15. A. easily B．partly
C. equally D．madly
16. A. order B．call
C. expect D．promise
17. A. ruin B．worry
C. benefit D．protect
18. A. get close to B．lose touch with
C. get used to D．do away with
19. A. good B．social
C. normal D．negative
20. A. grateful B．attractive
C. respectful D．effective
答案：
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者通过自己玩玩具火车的经受告知我们要学会掌控自己对于某件事情的动机。
1. C　解析：由下文的Keep the train ... as I can及火车总是出轨可知，“我”给自己设定的目标太“高(high)”了。
2. A　解析：由下文的driving the train around bends at full speed可知，“我”让火车尽可能“快地(quickly)”跑。
3. B　解析：由下文的find myself driving the train around bends at full speed可知，火车正以全速通过弯道，这令“我”格外“惊异(amazed)”。
4. A　解析：由上文的the train went off the rails及转折连词but可知，这并没有让“我”“泄气(discourage)”。
5. D　解析：由上文火车跑出轨道的事实可知，作者“成功(successes)”的次数很少。
6. A　7. C
8. D　解析：由上文的The few ... reassure me that it was possible可知， “我”有很“强的(strong)”动力，所以“我”“无视(ignored)”那些失败，即使成功格外“渺茫(minority)”，“我”仍不放弃。
9. A
10. B　解析：父亲“留意到了(noticed)”“我”所做的事情，于是让“我”停下来重新“想一想(think about)”自己所做的事。
11. B　解析：由上文内容可知，作者在玩玩具火车，所以这里是指火车的“遥控器(controls)”。
12. C　解析：由上文的try hard to get the train ... out of my hands可知，“我”始终在紧紧地“握着(holding)”遥控器。
13. D　解析：心跳很快，用beating来表示。
14. C　解析：由上文内容可知，“我”将目标定得太高了，所以“我”应当“降低(lower)”自己的目标。
15. A　解析：由上文的With the help of my father ... use steady force可知，“我”最终很“简洁(easily)”就成功了。
16. B　解析：由上文“我”玩玩具火车这件事情和最终一段中对动机的分析可知，“我”是想表明“我”对驱动力的理解，故用call。
17. C　18. B
19. D　解析：由but if not managed可知，动机会让我们“受益(benefit)”，但假如掌控不好，它也会让我们“脱离(lose touch with)”现实并导致一些“消极的(negative)”行为。
20. D　解析：由上文的we should learn to manage out motivation可知，这样我们才会在生活和工作中更“有效率(effective)”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Recently the issue of students' study has brought to public attention. Students are anxious about what to improve their scores. Some work very hard. They spend all their time in study. They do nothing except to study. As far as I'm concerned, it is not a good way to study. Alternating work with rest was the best way to study well. Students should try their best to learn knowledges as Francis Bacon said, “Knowledge is power.” Therefore, students should have other recreational activities to relax themselves, because people can do things more efficient after relaxing themselves. What's more, people can obtain knowledge from many sources besides books, that is beneficial for study. Thus, combining exertion and rest are the best to study.
答案：