2022届高考英语人教版新课标一轮总复习-滚动测试21.docx

课时作业21　Great scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021·辽宁师大附中月考)
I've often wondered if I might do more good as a travel agent rather than as a psychologist. It seems that I have been more dramatically affected by certain kinds of travel experiences than I ever have.
My trip to Iceland is a fine example of that. The plan was to spend two days in a remote mountain hut in Iceland. I was working on a photographic book about winter in Iceland and needed to capture images of this amazing region of high mountain peaks, smoky volcanoes, and lakes with floating icebergs.
The moment after we arrived, the weather turned extreme making visibility impossible. It snowed so much and the wind blew so hard that we couldn't leave the tiny hut. To stay warm, we walked around in circles much of the day inside the tiny hut. We tried to call for help but the radio did not work. Day after day, we watched our supplies of food and fuel grow dangerously short. We got acute cabin fever (幽居病) and started going for walks and ski expeditions outside. Even when the weather finally broke, nobody came to get us even though it was three days beyond our scheduled pickup. By the time the rescue team came to pull us out, we had all given up hope.
From then on, the world looks different to me, as does my life. It would have taken me years of psychotherapy to get to the same point.
Almost everyone has a story to tell, and interestingly, most of these experiences were not altogether pleasant at the time. In fact, it appears that the most constructive life­changing journeys were those that involved some sorts of awful and uncomfortable events that forced the person to develop new resources, increase confidence, and solve problems in new ways.
1．The writer went to Iceland to ________.
A．enjoy the natural beautiful floating icebergs
B．take photos about the region for a book
C．collect materials for psychological research
D．challenge the high mountains there
2．During the trip in Iceland, those travellers faced difficulties EXCEPT that ________.
A. they got lost in the mountain
B. they were short of food and fuel
C. they couldn't see the surroundings clearly
D. they failed to get in touch with the rescue team
3．From Paragraph 3, we learn that the travellers ________.
A．were in despair before they were rescued
B．stayed in the hut for three days altogether
C．got sick because of going for ski outside
D．got rescued immediately the weather turned fine
4．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．The writer is a travel agent who loves difficult challenges.
B．In Iceland the weather is always extreme and it snows a lot.
C．The travellers were so depressed that they needed psychotherapy.
D．Awful journeys may become life­changing events that inspire people.
答案与解析
本文提到作者要拍一本书的图画，去到一个小岛，当时的气候不适合拍摄，遇到大雪，食物短缺，当救援队到达时，他们已经放弃了期望，这些经受会使人增加自信，用新的方法来面对生活中的挑战。
1．B　细节理解题。依据其次段提到I was working on a photographic book about winter in Iceland and needed to capture images of this amazing region of high mountain peaks, smoky volcanoes, and lakes with floating icebergs.我想在写一本书，需要一些关于山峰，冒烟火山和正在流淌的冰川的照片，故选B项。
2．A　细节理解题。依据第三段提到当我们到达时，天气变得不适合拍摄，雪下得很大，只能在小屋四周活动，试着通过电台联系，但无线电不能工作，我们开头缺乏食物，我们得了幽居病，由于雪盲看不清，故A项没有提到。
3．A　推理推断题。依据第三段提到By the time the rescue team came to pull us out, we had all given up hope. 等救援队到达时，我们已经放弃了期望，故选A项。
4．D　细节理解题。依据最终一段提到In fact, it appears that the most constructive life­changing journeys were those that involved some sorts of awful and uncomfortable events that forced the person to develop new resources, increase confidence, and solve problems in new ways.事实上这些挑战性的旅行使我们卷入极坏的不幸的事情上，这些事强迫人增加自信，用新的方式来解决问题，故选D项。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
Some people never master the art of being patient, and at times, all of us struggle with being patient. Sometimes a certain situation or a certain person just pushes our buttons, making it much more difficult for us to remain patient. __1__ It becomes harder to concentrate, and it becomes harder to be polite to other people.
__2__ No one is born to be patient. As you learn and grow and experience things in life, you become wiser and learn how to interact with difficult kinds of people.
__3__ This is normal, as you have never had the experience of working in an office before. At first, it might be difficult to understand your job. You might even lose patience, but over time you'll be able to interact with other people with more confidence and patience. Someone at work disagrees with you, and it might make you become anxious. __4__ You'll be less likely to become bothered when presented with different situations. Though it might be difficult, you should try to be patient in life. This will help you in nearly all situations. __5__ Age doesn't always mean that someone is wise, and wisdom doesn't always mean that someone is patient, though the two often go hand in hand.
A．You must keep in mind that patience comes with experience and wisdom.
B．Once you lose patience, things tend to go wrong.
C．Learning to be patient takes time and it takes patience to learn to be patient.
D．Patience is acquired as you acquire wisdom, and wisdom is the child of experience.
E．However, with experience, you'll learn how to present your opinions clearly.
F．The more patience you have, the better you'll cope in various situations.
G．For example, you start your first job in a big office, and you don't really know how to work with lots of people.
答案与解析
1．B　依据下一句It becomes harder to concentrate...可知。
2．C　依据下一句No one is born to be patient.可知。
3．G　依据下一句．.. as you have never had the experience of working in an office before.可知。
4．E　依据下一句You'll be less likely...可知。
5．A　依据下一句Age doesn't always mean that someone is wise, and wisdom...可知。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Once there lived a rich man __1__ wanted to do something for the people of his town. At first he wanted to find out __2__ they deserved his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed __3__ very large stone. Then he __4__ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
“Who put this stone in the centre of the road？” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained __5__ the stone but not tried to remove __6__. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, __7__ (say) to himself：“The night __8__ (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his __9__ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last！__10__ the stone, he found a bag of money.
答案与解析
1．who　先行词为人，定语从句中缺主语，故用 who 引导。
2．whether　whether 引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。
3．a　该空表示“数量一”，故用不定冠词 a。
4．hid　该空与 and 后的 waited 为并列谓语，故用过去式 hid。
5．about　complain about sth. 埋怨某事。
6．it　it 代替前面提到的 a big stone。
7．saying　现在分词作定语。
8．is　依据语境可知用一般现在时。
9．strength　名词作宾语。
10．Under　under 在……下面。
Ⅳ.短文改错
I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.
答案
I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she away. She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad and a beard that turned from black gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In fact, he even scared my classmates away they came over to play or homework with me. However, he the gentlest man I have known.