2021高考英语(湖南专用)大二轮总复习测试：语法专题-专题八-动词和动词短语.docx

1．(2022届吉林省东北四校协作体高三联合考试)It's hard to tell real Jingdezhen vases，and it's a little more difficult for the untrained shopper to________.
A．dismiss B.distinguish
C.seek D.shelter
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难辨别真正的景德镇花瓶，对于未经训练的购物者来说区分它更困难。dismiss解散，解雇；distinguish区分，辨别；seek寻求，查找；shelter庇护，爱护。依据句意应选B项。
答案　B
2．(2022届河北衡水中学高三上期二调考试)That car accident ________all his life.After that he was limited to a wheelchair.
A．damaged B.destroyed
C.harmed D．ruined
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次交通事故毁了他的一生，在那之后，他就被限制在了轮椅上。damage损坏(程度较轻)；destroy严峻损坏(程度较重，多指事物的损坏)；harm对……有害；ruin毁灭。此处应是交通事故毁了他的一生。故选D。
答案　D
3．(2022届湖北孝感高级中学高三调研考试)We would appreciate it if customers don't________to leave their suggestions and expectations for our product.
A．hesitate B．pretend
C．undertake D．offer
解析　考查动词辨析。句意：假如顾客可以毫不迟疑地把建议和对产品的期望留下，我们会感谢的。hesitate迟疑，迟疑；pretend假装；undertake担当，承诺；offer供应，故选A项。
答案　A
4．(2022届江苏省无锡市洛社高级中学等三校高三12月联考)He is out of work，feeling as if he has ______nothing.
A．established B.accomplished
C．abolished D.guaranteed
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他失业了，觉得自己一无所成。established建立；accomplished创建；abolished废除，废止；取消等；完成；达到(目的)；guaranteed保证；担保。故选B项。
答案　B
5．(2022届湖北省襄阳四中、龙泉中学、荆州中学高三10月联考)The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was________jointly (共同地) to James E．Rothman，Randy W．Schekman and Thomas C．Südhof for their discoveries of a major transport system in our cells.
A．awarded B.rewarded
C．distributed D.contributed
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年诺贝尔生理学和医药学被授予詹姆斯·E·罗斯曼，兰迪·谢克曼和托马斯·聚德霍夫以表彰他们对于细胞内物质运输机制的发觉。awarded授予，奖给，判给，判归，判定；rewarded答谢，奖赏，报答，惩处；distributed安排；contributed贡献。故选A项。
答案　A
6．(2022届江西新余一中宜春中学高三班级联考)—Can we go camping tomorrow，as planned?
—I'm afraid not.The dark clouds ________a heavy rain.
A．promise B．instruct
C．expect D．forecast
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：——明天我们可以像方案的那样去露营吗？——生怕不能，乌云预示着要有一场大雨。promise答应，许诺，预示(主语是物)；instruct指导，指示；expect期盼，预料；forecast猜测(主语是人)，故选A项。
答案　A
7．(2022届浙江省五校高三第一次联考)After a day's hard work，Mary went to the nearby shop to ________herself to a strawberry ice cream.
A．satisfy B.treat
C.provide D.offer
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天的努力工作以后，Mary去了附件的商店请自己吃了一个草莓冰激凌。satisfy使……满足；treat治疗，对待；固定搭配treat sb to...请某人吃……provide供应；offer主动供应，依据句意可知B项符合语境。
答案　B
8．(2022届浙江温州十校联合体高三第一学期联考)If you ________a high fever and a bad headache，you are advised to consult a doctor.
A．perform B.develop
C．present D.gather
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如你高烧并且头痛厉害，那么应当建议你去询问医生。perform表演，表现；develop进展，养成，患病，开发(软件)；冲洗(胶片)；present提出，颁发，授予；gather收集，聚集。依据题意可知选B项。
答案　B
9．(2022届山东师大附中高三第三次模拟考试)—Are you still mad at her?
—Not really ，but I can't________that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B.refuse
C．reject D.decline
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：——你还和她生气吗？——不完全是，但是我不能否认她的话损害了我。deny否认；refuse拒绝；reject拒绝；decline谢绝，故依据题意可知选A项。
答案　A
10．(2022届浙江象山一般高中高三其次次模拟)The Sanlu Milk Powder event is a clear indication that food safety is a big problem；nobody can ________all foods are secure to us，but we are sure that the situation is turning for the better.
A．acknowledge B.guarantee
C．identity D.clarify
解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：三鹿奶粉大事清楚地表明，食品平安是一个大问题；没有人能保证全部食品都是平安的，但可以确定的是，状况已有所好转。acknowledge 承认；guarantee 保证；identity 身份、特性；clarify 澄清。依据句意最佳选B项。
答案　B
11．(2022届河南中原名校联盟高三上学期第一次摸底考试)Much as he ________he has a good command of English，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.
A．announces B．declares
C．claims D．confirms
解析　考查动词词义辨析。此处announces通知；declares宣布；claims 声明； confirms证明。句意：虽然他承认自己把握了英语，但有时他感到找到汉语的合适的英语翻译很难。依据句意选D项。
答案　D
12．(2022届河南省南阳市高三五校联谊期中)Our bodies are ________by working out.Similarly，our minds are developed by learning.
A．burdened B．resembled
C．strengthened D．worsened
解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我们的身体通过熬炼加强，我们的大脑通过学习得到进展。burdened负担；resembled 相像；strengthened加强；worsened变坏，依据题意可知选C项。
答案　C
13．(2022届河南省开封高中等豫东豫北十所名校高中毕业班阶段性测试)As a famous public figure，you have a duty to________yourself responsibly，especially in public places.
A．carry B．conduct
C．guide D．operate
解析　考查动词辨析。carry携带，背，运送；conduct 指导，实施，指挥；guide带领，指引；operate操作，手术，经营，conduct oneself举止，做人。句意：作为有名的公众人物，你的举止要负责任，特殊是在公众场合。故选B项。
答案　B
14．(2022届山东师大附中高三第三次模拟考试)Whoever is new in the community will soon________to the new environment，as everybody here is friendly and helpful.
A．apply B.appeal
C.attach D．adapt
解析　考查动词辨析。句意：无论是谁，新来到这个社区，都会很快适应这里新的环境，由于这里的每一个人都很友好和情愿挂念人。apply应用；appeal呼吁；attach附上；adapt适应，故选D项。
答案　D
15．(2022届江苏省六合高级中学高三第一次模拟考试)— That pair of shoes just doesn't________to me.
— But I like them.
A．adapt B．appeal
C．attend D.agree
解析　考查动词辨析。句意：那双鞋对我没有吸引力。四个词都可以和to连用，构成：appeal to呼吁；上诉；有吸引力；adapt to适应；适合；改编；attend to处理；照看；护理；agree to同意；接受；承诺。故选B项。
答案　B
16．(2022届江苏省无锡市洛社高级中学等三校高三12月联考)Mr.Brown's condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will________.
A．pull back B.pull up
C．pull through D.pull out
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：布朗先生的状况看起来格外严峻，他是否会恢复健康值得怀疑。pull back拉回，撤回；pull up停下，拔起；pull through使恢复健康；pull out动身，离开。故选C项。
答案　C
17．(2022届浙江温州十校联合体高三第一学期联考)Lucy found one of her friends had been ________after she finished the invitations to her wedding party.
A．taken out B.put out
C．picked out D．left out
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：露西在发完婚礼请柬后发觉她的一位伴侣被漏掉了。taken out拿出；put out 扑灭；出版；picked out选择，辨认出；left out落下；不提及，不包括。从句意可知选D项。
答案　D
18．(2022届浙江温州十校联合体高三第一学期联考)Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully，the company should ________its original marketing methods.
A．account for B.reflect on
C．work out D．call up
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：没能成功地对新数码相机进行宣扬推销，公司应当认真思考一下最初的市场策略了。account for解释……的缘由，占比例；reflect on考虑；认真思考；work out制定；解出，计算出；call up打电话。依据题意可知选B项。
答案　B
19．(2022届浙江省五校高三第一次联考)Hard work and lack of sleep have________her beauty and youth in recent years.
A．worn out B.tried out
C．made out D.sent out
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近10年的辛苦工作和缺少睡眠耗尽了她的秀丽和青春年华。本句中的wear out表示“耗尽……”。tried out尝试； made out辨认出，理解；sent out发送，发出，依据句意可知选A项。
答案　A
20．(2022届山东师大附中高三第三次模拟考试)They are broadening the bridge to________the flow of traffic.
A．put off B.speed up
C．turn on D．work out
解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们拓宽了大桥来加速交通的流畅。put off延期；speed up加速；turn on打开；work out解决，故选B项。
答案　B

用高级词汇或结构替换划线部分内容
1. I_had an idea that the wallet had been stolen.
→An idea__________________________ that the wallet had been stolen.
2．As a_result，my brother was admitted into a famous university.
→As it _________________，my brother was admitted into a famous university.
3．Plenty of memory work is_helpful_to your English study.
→Plenty of memory work _________________ your English study.
4．Generally speaking，the kids are_eager for knowledge.
→Generally speaking，the kids _________________ for knowledge.
答案　1.occurred to me　2.turned out　3.contributes to
4．have a strong appetite