2021成都高考英语阅读理解、完形填空三月课外小练(4)答案.docx

2021成都高考英语阅读理解、完形填空三月课外小练（4）答案

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Most mornings, the line begins to form at dawn: scores of silent women with babies on their backs, buckets balanced on their heads, and in each hand a bright-blue plastic jug. On good days, they will wait less than an hour before a water tanker goes across the dirt path that serves as a road in Kesum Purbahari, a slum on the southern edge of New Delhi. On bad days, when there is no electricity for the pumps, the tankers don’t come at all. “That water kills people,” a young mother named Shoba said one recent Saturday morning, pointing to a row of pails filled with thick, caramel (焦糖)-colored liquid.“Whoever drinks it will die.”The water was from a pipe shared by thousands of people in the poor neighborhood. Women often use it to wash clothes and bathe their children, but nobody is desperate enough to drink it.
There is no standard for how much water a person needs each day, but experts usually put the minimum at fifty litres. The government of India promises (but rarely provides) forty. Most people drink two or three litres—less than it takes to wash a toilet. The rest is typically used for cooking and bathing. Americans consume between four hundred and six hundred litres of water each day, more than any other people on earth. Most Europeans use less than half that. The women of Kesum Purbahari each hoped to drag away a hundred litres that day—two or three buckets’ worth. Shoba has a husband and five children, and that much water doesn’t go far in a family of seven, particularly when the temperature reaches a hundred and ten degrees before noon. She often makes up the difference with bottled water, which costs more than water delivered any other way. Sometimes she just buys milk; it’s cheaper. Like the poorest people everywhere, the people of New Delhi’s slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.
1 The underlined word “slum” most likely means ______.
A. a village
B. a small town
C. an area of a town with badly-built, over-crowded buildings
D. the part of a town that lacks water badly
2. Sometimes the water tanker doesn’t come because ______.
A. the weather is bad
B. there is no electricity
C. there is no water
D. people don’t want the dirty water
3. A person needs at least ________ litres of water a day.
A. a hundred B. four hundred C. forty D. fifty
4. Which of the following statements is wrong?
A. a hundred litres of water a day is enough for Shoba’s family
B. Americans uses the largest amount of water each day
C. in Kesum Purbahari milk is cheaper than bottled water
D. Shoba has a family of seven people
5. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how women in Kesum Purbahari gets their water
B. how much water a day a person deeds
C. that India lacks water badly
D. how India government manages to solve the problem of water
【参考答案】1—5、CBDAC

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

You know eating fruit and vegetables does good.But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers’ skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.
Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age－related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange ，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察)to others－and was seen as appealing.
A camera measured changes to the skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)，which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour and beta－carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.
4． What do we know from the research?
A． If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.
B． The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.
C． Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.
D． People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.
2． Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids ?
A． They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.
B． They can prevent heart disease and cancer.
C． They can prevent age－related diseases.
D． They can keep you in good health.
3． Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A． We’ve already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.
B． We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.
C． The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.
D． Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect on the skin.
4． We can infer from the passage that ________
A．skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractive
B．carotenoids have the same effect as lycopene
C．it is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colour
D．both beta－carotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface
[解题导语]　本文主要论述了吃水果和蔬菜不仅让我们的身体健康，而且还能使人看起来更秀丽。
1．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks.故选B。
2．解析：选D。细节理解题。依据Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age­related diseases including heart disease and cancer.没有提到选项D的内容，故选D。
3．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据全文都是说现在的争辩发觉的内容，没有提到过去的状况，故选B。
4．解析：选A。推理推断题。依据People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.可以推出皮肤发红、发黄、轻快让人看起来更健康和有吸引力。故选A。

【2021高考复习】完形填空
It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25.I didn’t think there would be any__1__，sighing about having to work on Christmas.Just then five bodies__2__at my desk，a pale woman and four children.
“Are you all__3__？”I asked.
“Yes，” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to__4__of their problems，things got a little uncertain.Two of the children had headaches，two children had earaches，__5__only one could tell me which ear was affected.The__6__complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
I didn’t say anything but__7__that it might he a little while__8__a doctor could see her.She responded，“__9__your time；it’s warm in here.”
Then，I checked their chart.No address—they were__10__.The waiting room was warm.
I went back to the nurses station and mentioned we had a homeless__11__in the waiting room.The nurses，complaining of__12__on Christmas，turned to sympathy for a family just trying to get__13__on Christmas.The team went into action，much as we do when there’s a__14__emergency.But this was a Christmas emergency.
We were all__15__a free meal on Christmas Day，so we took back that meal and prepared a big dinner for our__16__.We needed presents.We__17__from different departments candies，fruits and other things__18__that could be presents.As seriously as we met the__19__needs of the patients，our team worked to meet the needs of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas.
Later，as the family walked to the door to__20__，the four­year­old boy came running back，gave me a hug and whispered，“Thanks for being our angels today.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。圣诞夜，当我们这些护士为还要连续工作而埋怨时，一家五口来急诊。当我们了解状况后，纷纷伸出救济之手，让无家可归的一家人度过了一个温存的圣诞节。
1.A.customers　　 B．patients
C．workers　　 D．tourists
解析　customer意为“顾客”；patient意为“病人”；worker意为“工人”；tourist意为“游客”。依据下文内容可知，此处是医院，“我”想着圣诞节应当不会再有病人了。
答案　B
2．A.showed up　　 B．took in
C．came out　　 D．looked on
解析　show up意为“毁灭”；take in意为“吸取；哄骗”；come out意为“出版；结果是”；look on意为“旁观”。依据上下文内容可知，是五个人毁灭在“我”的办公桌前。
答案　A
3．A.eager　　 B．hungry
C．sick　　 D．warm
解析　由语境可知，此处是在医院，因此我询问他们是不是都病了。
答案　C
4．A.descriptions　　 B．comments
C．instructions　　 D．results
解析　description意为“描述”；comment意为“评论”；instruction意为 “说明”；result意为“结果；成果”。由语境可知，当他们开头描述他们的病情时，事情就有点让人摸不着头脑了。
答案　A
5．A.so　　 B．for
C．thus　　 D．but
解析　由语境可知，两个孩子说头疼，两个孩子说耳朵疼，但只有一个能告知“我”是哪只耳朵疼。这里表示一种转折关系。
答案　D
6．A.mother　　 B．children
C．nurses　　 D．doctor
解析　依据上文内容可知，母子共五人来看病，其中四个孩子都说了自己的问题，只剩下母亲没有说了，因此是孩子的母亲说自己咳嗽了。
答案　A
7．A.answered　　 B．imagined
C．explained　　 D．analysed
解析　answer意为“回答”；imagine意为“想象”；explain意为“解释”；analyse意为“分析”。由语境可知，“我”也没说什么，只是解释说，过会儿医生才会来给她检查。
答案　C
8．A.after　　 B．since
C．before　　 D．when
解析　由语境可知，在医生来之前还得有一会儿。
答案　C
9．A.Make　　 B．Take
C．Care　　 D．Spend
解析　make意为“使得；形成”；take意为“拿；取”；care意为“在意”；spend意为“度过”。由语境可知，她回答说：“不焦急，这里挺温存的。”take one’s time意为“不焦急”，符合语境。
答案　B
10．A.lonely　　 B．greedy
C．clever　　 D．homeless
解析　lonely意为“孤独的”；greedy意为“贪欲的”；clever意为“聪慧的”；homeless意为“无家可归的”。由语境可知，“我”查了下他们的登记表，但登记表上没有写地址，因此他们是无家可归的。
答案　D
11．A.family　　 B．holiday
C．woman　　 D．Christmas
解析　由语境可知，回到护士室，“我”叙述了候诊室里这无家可归的一家子人的事。
答案　A
12．A.operating　　 B．interrupting
C．managing　　 D．working
解析　operate意为“手术；操作”；interrupt意为“中断”；manage意为“管理”；work意为“工作”。由语境可知，原本埋怨圣诞节还要上班的护士们，都转而怜悯起在圣诞节只祈求温存的这家人了。
答案　D
13．A.present　　 B．warm
C．relief　　 D．comfort
解析　present，意为“礼物”；warm意为“温存”；relief意为“救济；劝慰”；comfort意为“劝慰”。依据上文内容可知，这家人在圣诞节来到医院，是为了查找温存。
答案　B
14．A.beneficial　　 B．friendly
C．medical　　 D．different
解析　beneficial意为“有益的”；friendly意为“友好的”；medical意为“医学的”；different意为“不同的”。由语境可知，这个团队马上开放行动，就好像我们对待医疗紧急状况一样，只不过这次是“圣诞节急诊”。
答案　C
15．A.rewarded　　 B．offered
C．allowed　　 D．ordered
解析　reward意为“嘉奖”；offer意为“供应”；allow意为“允许”；order意为“命令”。由语境可知，圣诞节这天，医院食堂免费给我们供应一顿饭。
答案　B
16．A.neighbors　　 B．relations
C．brothers　　 D．guests
解析　neighbor意为“邻居”；relation意为“关系”；brother意为“兄弟”；guest意为“客人”。由语境可知，我们把饭领回来，为我们的圣诞客人预备了一场大的宴会。
答案　D
17．A.borrowed　　 B．received
C．collected　　 D．bought
解析　由语境可知，我们从不同的科室收集了糖和水果。collect from意为“收集”，符合语境。
答案　C
18．A.expensive　　 B．fantastic
C．generous　　 D．available
解析　expensive意为“昂贵的”；fantastic意为“奇异的；极好的”；generous意为“慷慨的”；available意为“可得的；可利用的”。由语境可知，除了糖和水果，还有一些能当做礼物的可以利用的东西。
答案　D
19．A.healthy　　 B．physical
C．tragic　　 D．mental
解析　healthy意为“健康的”；physical意为“身体的；物理的”；tragic意为“悲剧的：不幸的”；mental意为“精神的；脑力的”。由语境可知，我们的团队工作严峻 ，就像满足患者的身体需要一样，我们尽力满足这家人只想过一个温存圣诞节的愿望。
答案　B
20．A.leave　　 B．travel
C．rest　　 D．relax
解析　由语境可知，当这家人走到门前要离开的时候，那个四岁的孩子跑回来，给了“我”拥抱和感谢。
答案　A。