2020-2021学年高三寒假作业-英语(六)Word版含答案.docx

高三英语寒假作业（六）

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．
A
Wikipedia: The Online Know-It-All
If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name “Wikipedia” is from the Hawaiian wordwiki, meaning “quick”. This online encyclopedia (百科全书) is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies (技术专家) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject.
Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years.
What’s more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in differentlanguages. As of today, there are 4,396,866 articles in English.
So, if you are looking for some information, why not try Wikipedia? It’s free, multilingual，and informative.  
1. According to the passage, what is Wikipedia?
A. A free website encyclopedia.                            B. A computer game.
C. A free encyclopedia in book form.                 D. An online university.
2. From the passage we know that ______.
A. Wikipedia only charges users a small fee
B. Wikipedia catches a wide audience
C. incorrect editions might do great harm to Wikipedia             
D. it will take long to update the information on Wikipedia             
3. Where can we probably read the passage?
A. In a story book.                        B. In a research report.
C. In a science magazine.      D. In a travel brochure.

B

I work in a busy Emergency Room( E. R. ) .  This weekend, I had a patient who was very nervousand paranoid.
      After looking at his chart, I saw that he was seeking treatment for alcoholism. There is an immediate prejudice against substance abuse in my E. R. One -we do not have a detox(戒酒) facility.The people seeking treatment for addiction are sometimes looked down on as being less worthy of treatment  than  other  serious  physical  " ailments" .
      At first glance, I found out that the man was now somewhere in his mid-thirties, was very weak and had a generally aggressive character. He could not sit still and had a cough. He had not had a drink in four days. His hands were shaking and there was a scared look in his eyes.
     He told me that he began drinking about age 11 when his mother supplied him with it. He had tried to quit many times before but had not been able to.
" So .  what's different this time ?"I asked.
       "Because I'm starting to be mean to the people I love, but now I don't want to be.  I ca:n see that  I'm changing into something else. "
       That answer helped change my attitude toward him. I could see the pain behind his eyes. Behind the appearance, there was a terrified person whose goodness was being claimed by the alcohol. He  was desperate for help, but not so sure that his condition could be changed.
     I, thank this man for showing me that the goodness is dressed in all sorts of disguises(伪装) . Sometimes we have to undress it. It's worth doing. My patient was admitted to the hospital for help ,despite us not having a detox facility.
1.  What does the underlined word " ailments" me
A.  build      B.  energy        C. illness               D.  ability
2. How long has the man been drinking?
A. 20 years     B.  11 years      C.  Over 30 years        D.  Over 20 years
3. From the passage we know that___ .
A. The patient was refused mainly for the hospital's lack of equipment
   B. The patient once didn't want to treat the people he loved kindly
   C. The patient was strong and brave at first glance
     D. The patient once succeeded in giving up drinking alcohol
4. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?
     A. Where there is a will, there's a way.
     B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
     C.  Never judge a book by its cover.
     D. Good is rewarded with good.

C
It is safe to say that George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), the Irish-born writer, is more famous for being George Bernard Shaw than he is for his writings today. Few of Shaw’s more than 60 plays, novels and essays are performed or read anymore. And yet Shaw genuinely helped make our modern world. Although you’d be lucky to get a chance to see one of his dramas today, in his time he turned the theater into a vehicle for the discussion of social issues, not only in Britain but on the stage of the world. In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain.
Where the theater had been dominated by entertainment, Shaw used it to teach people the importance of paying attention to the issues of their day. The plight (苦难) of the poor and the working class, the situation of women and the institutions of society, such as the education system ---- Shaw was among the most well-known figures making these topics central to public debate. His first play, Widowers’ Houses (1892), deals with the question of slum (贫民窟) housing. His Mrs Warren’s Profession (1893) brought a controversial topic to the stage.
Shaw was an important mover and shaker in new political movements too. He was an early member of the Fabian Society, which argued for the socialist cause in the UK. Shaw was also the founder (in 1895) of one of the now most famous colleges in the world, the London School of Economics.
If few of his works have really stood the test of time, many of his quotations have become part of the furniture of the English language. “Youth is wasted on the young,” he wrote. He also knew how to sum up a political philosophy(哲学) in a few memorable words. For instance: “A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul.”
1. Shaw’s influence on the modern world comes mainly from ______.
A. the changes he brought to the British culture
B. his philosophies on the role of government
C. his awareness of social problems of his day
D. the support for the London School of Economics
2. Widowers’ Houses is a play that mainly focuses on ______.
A. the failure of the UK education system
B. the housing problems of poor people
C. robbery incidents in slum areas
D. socialist movements in the UK
3. By describing Shaw’s quotations as “part of the furniture of the English language”, the author means that Shaw’s words ______.
A. have become the best part of English
B. have greatly developed the English language
C. have made the English language philosophical
D. have become an inseparable part of the English language
4. Which of the following about George Bernard Shaw’s works is TRUE?
A. They should be adapted for modern readers.
B. They are mostly about the lives of working class.
C. They deal with important social issues of their day.
D. Most of them are still performed on the stage of the world today.

D
Seven years of careful design and planning all came together on Monday, when James Cameron became the first human to make a solo trip to the deepest known point on earth - the Challenger Deep! More importantly though, he appeared safely seven hours later, completing with exciting-photos and videos from this dark mysterious world that has been visited by only two humans before!
Seated inside a specially built 12-ton green submersible (潜水器) called the Deep Sea Challenger,  the brilliant filmmaker caught every moment of his 2-hour-36-minute journey down to the bottom of the Mariana Trench on video — given that it is 120 times larger than the Grand Canyon and a mile deeper than Mount Everest.       
Absolutely nothing! There were no large alien creatures or mysterious footprints — just a flat desolate (荒芜的) landscape, 50 times larger than the Grand Canyon.  Mr. Cameron describes it as "devoid (缺乏) of sunlight, any heat, any warmth". The only things swimming around, were some tiny shrimp-like (虾状的) creatures no bigger than an inch.
     While the 57-year-old had expected to spend six hours at the bottom, he was forced to return in three hours, because the robotic arm that was supposed to help him collect samples went wrong and began leaking oil. He also lost some thrusters (推动器)  and a whole starboard side,  causing the submersible to spin around in circles.                    
However, these small setbacks did not make the whole trip any less exciting for Mr. Cameron. The director, who returned to the surface in a speedy seventy minutes, believes this is just one of many trips he and other adventurers will be taking. In fact, Sir Richard Branson, the founder of the Virgin Group, is currently in the midst of planning a similar trip to the Puerto Rico Trench that lies five miles below the surface of the water.  Though Mr. Cameron’s is promising to move his historic trip into an exciting 3-D National Geographic documentary, he is tight-lipped about how the experience will be used in his next movie!  We cannot wait to see!
1. According to Paragraph one，we can know that _________.
A. Cameron is the first man to the deepest known point on earth
B. the trip had been well prepared in the past few years
C. the trip lasted for about nine and a half hours
D. the pictures Cameron took are dark
2. On the bottom of Challenger Deep, _________.
  A. there are some mysterious footprints                
B. the landscape is not very large 
C. there are many fish                                   
D. it is dark and cold
3. Why did Mr. Cameron return earlier than planned?
A. Because he finished all his tasks.
B. Because he couldn't stand the environment.
C. Because there was something wrong with his submersible.
D. Because he was eager to show his photos and videos to others.    
4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _________.
A. many similar trips will be taken in the near future
B. the small setbacks had a great effect on Mr. Cameron
C. some people have known how Cameron's experience will be used in his next movie
D. the trip to the Puerto Rico Trench is more dangerous and difficult than to the Mariana Trench  
其次节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
【题文】依据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Three Critical Truths We Forget All Too Soon
So much happens in our lives every day that we often forget what we have learned. In effect, the only thing faster than the speed of our thoughts is the speed of our forgetfulness.   1
1. Small steps get you to big places.
The greatest of all mistakes is to do nothing simply because you can only do a little. In fact, it is far more productive to take many small steps in the right direction than to make a giant leap.   2    Figure out where you want to go, take a step, and keep on stepping. Diligence and persistence will get you there.
2.   3       
Two people can be affected by the same circumstance but respond in completely different ways. The reason is that it just depends on their attitudes. When you expect life to be unkind, it will always live up to your expectations. On the other hand, when you consider yourself to be in a fortunate situation, you will find yourself in many more.   4 
3. You can only change yourself.
Don't wait for someone who hurt you to make it up to you; this kind of thinking only keeps your old wounds from healing.   5  You have no control over them, and they may never change. Inner peace is found by changing your thinking, not the people who hurt you. So forgive those who have hurt you in the past, and even more importantly, forgive yourself for allowing them to hurt you. Then smile like you've never cried re-open your heart and mind like you've never been hurt, and live the rest of your life like you're running out of time.
A. Fear always exists.
B. Attitude makes all the difference.
C. Waiting for them to change is not the answer.
D. Here are some important reminders to jog your memory.
E. The path to every goal requires a hundred small steps-one after the other.
F. In the end, we learn even more from our failures than we do from our successes.
G. It’s important to remember that there is value in every situation and circumstance.

其次部分 英语学问运用（共两节， 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Isn’t it amazing how one person, sharing one idea, at the right time and place can change the course of your life’s history? This is certainly what happened in my 16  .
   When I was 14, I was hitchhiking (免费搭车) from Houston, Texas, through El Paso on my  17  to California. I, a high school dropout with learning  18 , was following my dream, and decided to surf the biggest   19 in the world, first in California and then in Hawaii, where I would later live. Upon reaching downtownEl Paso, I met an old man, a begger, on the street corner, who stopped me and asked if I was 20 away from home. I told him, “Not exactly, sir.” While at home, my father said to me, “It is important to   21 your dream and what is in your heart. Son.”
   After chatting for a few minutes, the   22  beggar told me to follow him. He told me that he had something grand to  23  with me. We walked a couple of blocks until we came to a library, where the beggar first   24   me to a table and asked me to wait for a moment  25  he looked for something special among the shelves. A few moments later, he  26  with a couple of old books under his arms, and then started with a few statements that were very 27 and that changed my life. He said, “There are two things that I want to   28  you
  “Number one is never to judge a book by its cover, for a cover can  29 you. Well, young man, I’ve got a little 30  for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. But a year ago, my wife 31  away. I realized there were certain things I had not yet   32  in life, one of which is to live like a beggar on