2022高考英语完形填空和阅读理解暑假选练(4)答案(外研版).docx

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
　　Once, the Paiter-Surui tribe(部落)lived a happy life in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. But after the tribe’s first meeting with Westerners several decades ago, they were nearly wiped out; diseases brought by outsiders reduced the Surui’s numbers from 5, 000 to about 250.
Today, some 1, 300 tribe people live in 23 villages across 600, 000 acres. Though they are as likely to wear T-shirts and jeans as feathered headdresses, the Surui are determined to preserve and protect the tribal culture of their homeland. Now they are under threat again, from illegal logging and deforestation(滥伐), but this time it’s different. The Surui have put aside their bows and arrows and taken up a new weapon: the Internet.
The tribe people learned to use the Web from their leader, Chief Almir Narayamoga. “We decided to use computers and technology to bring attention to our situation, ”says Narayamoga, 36. The first in his tribe to attend college, Chief Narayamoga learned how to use computers at the Federal University of Goiás in Goiânia, a city of 1. 2 million. In 2007, he fled the Surui homeland after his fight against loggers who placed a $100, 000 reward on his head. He traveled to the United States and paid a visit to Google headquarters in California. He came armed with a big idea.
Narayamoga’s visit to Google was considered a great success. And Google sent teams to the Amazon to train the Surui in using computers, cameras, and smart phones to photograph logging sites, which could be pinpointed using GPS technology and then uploaded to Google Earth. The Surui have now mapped the entire reserve and recorded the biodiversity and the rainforest within it.
　　【文章大意】本文主要讲了巴西土著居民正在利用因特网让世人知道他们的境况, 并开头疼惜他们的家园。
1. What caused the population of the Amazon tribe to reduce greatly?
A. The change of their lifestyles.
B. Deforestation.
C. Diseases.
D. Fighting.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章第一段最终一句可知, 由外来者带来的疾病导致土著人口剧减。
2. Chief Narayamoga fled his homeland because　　　.
A. he owed a large debt
B. the loggers wanted to kill him
C. he wanted to learn computers
D. he failed to fight against logging
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章倒数其次段可知, 酋长逃离家乡的缘由是伐木者悬赏捉拿他并置他于死地。
3. What kind of idea did Chief Narayamoga have after he returned to his homeland?
A. He could ask the US government for help.
B. He could negotiate with the loggers.
C. He could save their land with the Internet.
D. He could make a map of their land.
【解析】选C。推理推断题。联系文章最终两段可知, 酋长从美国回来, 开头用“谷歌”搜寻和全球定位技术来引发世人关注, 从而利用社会舆论来疼惜自己的家园, 由此可知C项正确。
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Deforestation has been stopped in Amazon.
B. Narayamoga’s efforts are paying off.
C. The Internet is still something new to the tribe people.
D. Logging has been stopped due to the use of GPS technology.
【解析】选B。推理推断题。文章最终一段说明, 酋长的美国之行获得了成功, 现在土著民族正运用高科技来测量自己的领地, 由此推断, 他们的努力正在获得回报。

记叙文
【2022届西藏自治区高三最终一次模拟统一考试】
阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题所给的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An old woman had lost her eyesight completely, so she went to a 41 to help her see again and made a bargain with him: if he could cure her, he would be paid well. But if he couldn’t, she would not pay him anything.
The doctor had a(an) 42 ointment(药膏). When it was put on the eyes for a period of time, it restored the eyesight of anyone who was sightless.
The doctor began to 43 his patient daily. But knowing that she couldn’t see, he started 44 the valuables in her house. When there was nothing left, he decided to cure her and 45 his payment.
When the woman recovered her eyesight, she saw that her valuables had gone and 46 the doctor was the thief. So, saying that she was 47 cured, she refused to pay him. The doctor was 48 and he insisted on his fees. But the old woman refused and the two went to the 49 .
The judge asked the old woman 50 she refused to pay the doctor. She said, “I did 51 to give him the money if I recovered my eyesight. However, if I remained blind, I was to give him 52 . Now he 53 that he has cured me, but I am 54 blind.”
Everyone there looked at her 55 . “ How can you say that? Everyone can see that your eyesight has been restored,” said the judge 56 .
The old woman replied, “ I 57 can’t see. Before I 58 my eyesight, I had seen many valuable things in my house. But now, I am not able to see a thing of 59 in it.”
The judge 60 that she was indeed blind and let her go.
41. A. friend B. doctor C. teacher D. professor
42. A. special B. expensive C. regular D. poor
43. A. visit B. call C. expect D. question
44. A. cleaning B. counting C. stealing D. appreciating
45. A. depended on B. cared about C. gave up D. asked for
46. A. explained B. hoped C. guessed D. forgave
47. A. nearly B. once C. not D. well
48. A. ashamed B. surprised C. touched D. encouraged
49. A. playground B. street C. house D. court
50. A. why B. whether C. how D. when
51. A. pretend B. promise C. refuse D. manage
52. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
53. A. wished B. admitted C. realized D. declared
54. A. quite B. ever C. even D. still
55. A. in surprise B. in peace C. as usual D. on purpose
56. A. friendly B. seriously C. proudly D. carefully
57. A. slowly B. finally C. really D. almost
58. A. lost B. failed C. had D. hurt
59. A. price B. meaning C. use D. value
60. A. reported B. agreed C. worried D. doubt
【答案】
41．B　依据前面的lost her eyesight completely可知老妇人是去看医生，故选B。
42．A　句意：这个医生有一种特殊的药膏。A特殊的；B昂贵的；C常规的；D贫困的。依据句意可知选A。
43．A　联系后文可知医生始终偷老太太家里的东西，所以医生每天去访问他的病人。A访问；B去电；C期望；D问询。故选A。
44．C　句意：但是医生知道她看不见，所以他开头偷她房子里的贵重的东西。A清洁；B数；C偷；D观赏。故选C。
45．D　句意：当屋子里没有什么东西剩下时，医生打算把妇人治好并且索要诊金。A依靠；B关怀；C放弃；D索要。故选D。
46．C　句意：当那个妇人恢复了视力，她看到她的值钱东西不见了并且猜想医生就是小偷。A解释；B期望；C猜想；D原谅。故选C。
47．C　依据上下文可知妇人用没治好眼睛这一理由来拒绝支付诊金。故选not。
48．B　句意：医生很惊异并且坚持索要诊金。A耻辱的；B惊异的；C感动的；D受鼓舞的。故选B。
49．D　句意：但是老妇人仍是拒绝，于是他们两个去了法庭。A操场；B街道；C房子；D法庭。故选D。
50．A　后面是妇人在陈述自己的缘由，所以法官问她为什么拒绝付钱给医生。故选A。
51．B　句意：她说：“我的确承诺了假如我被治好就给他钱。……”A假装；B许诺；C拒绝；D成功做……。故选B。
52．C　句意：然而，假如我还是盲人，我不会给他任何东西。所以选C。
53．D　句意：现在，他宣称治好我了，可我还是盲的。A祝愿；B承认；C意识到；D宣称。故选D。
54．D　still照旧。依据上题的解释可知选D。
55．A　句意：在那的每个人都惊异地看着她。A惊异地；B安静地；C像平常一样地；D有意地。故选A。
56．B 句意：“你怎么可以那么说呢？每个人都可以看出来你的视力已经恢复了。”法官严峻地说。A友善地；B严峻地；C傲慢地；D认真地。故选B。
57．C 句意：我真的看不见。A渐渐地；B最终地；C真实地；D差不多地。故选C。
58．A 句意：在我失明之前，我看到我家里面有很多值钱的东西。lose one's eyesight失明。
59．D 句意：但现在，我不能看到一点值钱的东西了。of value等于valuable，意为值钱的。
60．B 句意：法官同意她的确是看不见的并且让她离开了。A报告；B同意；C担忧；D怀疑。故选B。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(原创)The British people love talking about
the weather. This hot summer, Europe
was caught in the heat wave, and many parts
of China were also been struggling with
record-breaking temperatures. Therefore,
there’s plenty for the British people to
get excited about.
But beside from a simple“hot”, what other ways are there to describe the summer heat? Apart from phrases like“boiling hot”, there are many interesting expressions that relate to unbearably hot weather.
Dog days of summer
In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. Some think the expression means the weather is so hot that dogs go wild. But in fact, the expression comes from 16th century and refers to the days on which Sirius(天狼星)—the Dog Star—rises at the same time as the sun. The Romans associated the hot weather with this star and would sacrifice a dog every year in April to stop the anger of Sirius.
So hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalk
This expression needs no explanation and although its origin is unclear, it hasn’t stopped thousands of curious tourists from testing if the saying is true, with the result that sidewalks in Death Valley, California—the hottest place in the US—are now littered with broken eggshells. Early in July, the local government asked tourists to stop their cooking experiments. Even so, it is actually possible to fry an egg on the sidewalk, so long as you use a frying pan with a lid and the temperature is at least 49℃.
【文章大意】本文介绍了英语中描述酷热天气的几个习语。
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Some expressions about hot weather.
B. The heat wave in the world.
C. Sirius is associated with the hot weather.
D. Death Valley—the hottest place in the US.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文中第一段以幽默的方式介绍了今年夏天全球的热浪, 其目的是引出本文的中心, 故B项错误; 其次段的最终一句话是整篇文章的主题句, 故A项正确; C、D两项都是文章中的一部分, 范围小了。
2. According to the passage, how long does“dog days of summer”last?
A. About one month.
B. About two months.
C. About two months and a half.
D. About one month and a half.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段的第一句In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. 可知“dog days of summer”持续大约一个半月。
3. What caused broken eggshells littered around sidewalks in Death Valley?
A. The hot weather.
B. The curiosity of tourists.
C. The permission of the local government.
D. The origin of the expression.
【解析】选B。推理推断题。由最终一段可以看格外异   的游客为了验证当地的酷热是否能够“fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 不顾当地政府的告诫, 照旧坚持做这项试验, 故B项正确。
4. Which of the following is NOT necessary to test the last expression about hot weather?
A. On the sidewalk.
B. A frying pan with a lid.
C. The temperature(≥49℃).
D. In the hottest place.
【解析】选D。推理推断题。文章中提到的关于热浪的最终一个习语是“So hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 故A项是一个必要条件; 由最终一段的最终一句可知B、C是必要条件; D项范围太大。
【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着
阅读理解——跳读查找关键词, 破解直接细节理解题
如文章第2题解题步骤如下:
(1)推断题干关键词“___________________”。
(2)跳读原文, 找到题干关键词毁灭在第___段; 由此定位点向后可直接找到答案出处“In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”。
(3)推断答案: 依据原文出处可以轻松算出该时期持续大约一个半月。
答案: (1) dog days of summer

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A few months ago as I wandered through my parents’ house, the same house I grew up in, I had a sudden, scary realization. When my parents bought the house, in 1982, they were only two years older than I am now. I tried to imagine myself in two years, ready to settle down and buy the house I’d still be living in almost 30 years later.
It seemed ridiculous. On a practical level, there’s no way I could afford to buy a house anytime soon. More importantly, I wouldn’t want to. I’m not sure where I’ll be living in two years, or what kind of job I’ll have. And I don’t think I’ll be ready to settle down and stay in one place.
So this is probably the generation gap that divides my friends and me from our parents. When our parents were our age, they’d gotten their education, chosen a career, and were starting to settle into responsible adult lives.
My friends and I – “Generation Y” – still aren’t sure what we want to do with our lives. Whatever we end up doing, we want to make sure we’re happy doing it. We’d rather take risks first, try out different jobs, and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place. We’d rather spend our money on travel than put it in a savings account.
This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”, “impatient”, and “overprotected”. Some of these complaints have a point. As children we were encouraged to succeed in school, but also to have fun. We grew up in a world full of technological innovation: cell phones, the Internet, instant messaging, and video games.
Our parents looked to rise vertically(垂直的)--starting at the bottom of the ladder and slowly making their way to the top, on the same track, often for the same company. That doesn’t apply to my generation.
Because of that, it may take us longer than our parents to arrive at responsible, stable adulthood. But that’s not necessarily a bad thing. In our desire to find satisfaction, we will work harder, strive for ways to keep life interesting, and gain a broader set of experiences and knowledge than our parents’ generation did.
By Ariel Lewiton
31. When the author walked through her parents’ house, she _______.
A. was frightened that she had no idea what she wanted from life
B. realized she should buy a house.
C. started to think about her own life
D. wondered why her parents had settled down early
【答案】C
【解析】推理题。依据第一段2,3,4行When my parents bought the house, in 1982, they were only two years older than I am now. I tried to imagine myself in two years, ready to settle down and buy the house I’d still be living in almost 30 years later说明我在思考自己的人生之路，故C正确。
32. What is the main “generation gap” between the author and her friends and their parents according to the article?
A. Their attitude toward high technology.
B. Their attitude towards responsibility.
C. Their ways of making their way to the top.
D. Their ways of gaining experience.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。依据第五段第一行This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”说明态度是我们这一代和父母那一代最大的差别，故B正确。

33. Which of the following might the author agree with?
A. It’s ridiculous to call her generation “arrogant”.
B. It’s better to take adult responsibility earlier.
C. It involves too much effort to rise vertically.
D. It’s all right to try more before settling down.
【答案】D
【解析】推理题。依据文章最终一段内容Because of that, it may take us longer than our parents to arrive at responsible, stable adulthood.说明要花更多的时间才能让我们意识到责任的重要性。依据文章第四段We’d rather take risks first, try out different jobs, and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place说明我们要尝试很多不同的事物，以后在定居下来，故A的做法可能适合我们这一代。故D正确。

34. What can we conclude from the article?
A. The author wrote this article so that others would be able to understand her generation better.
B. Growing up in a hi-tech world makes “Generation Y” feel insecure about relationships.
C. “Generation Y” people don’t want to grow up and love to be taken care of by their parents.
D. The author is envious of her parents enjoying a big house at her age.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。作者写本文就是为了向读者介绍他们这一代人的思想，让别人更好的理解他们，接受他们，故A正确。

35. What is the main theme of the article?
A. The sudden realization of growing up.
B. Criticisms of the young generation.
C. A comparison between lifestyles of generations.
D. The factors that have changed the young generation.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。本文是利用我和我的父母这两代人之间在价值观和生活态度上的差异的比较来向读者介绍我们这一代人的思想和其它状况。故C正确。

【2021届广东省湛江市第一中学高三8月月考】
完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One day, while I was walking to work, I decided to bring some flowers that I had picked from my garden that morning. On the way, I 1 a stranger and presented the flowers to him with a smile card. 2 by the sense of joy I felt from giving flowers to another pers