【2022走向高考】高三英语一轮(外研版)复习：语法专项突破9.docx

其次部分　语法专项突破(九)
真题改编，语法填空
1．(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
答案：wouldn't　本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：不管她怎样用力推，门就是打不开。would情态动词(表示尽管付出很大努力却没有发生)就(不)，偏(不)，如：He kicked, pushed, and hurled his shoulder at the door. It wouldn't open.他冲着门又踢又推，还用肩膀撞，但门就是打不开。故用wouldn't。
2．(2021·湖南改编)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
答案：couldn't　考查情态动词。句意：当他急于想出方法时，尽管他想睡，却无法入睡，直到他想出方法为止。couldn't“不能”，符合题意。
3．(2021·安徽改编)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
答案：couldn't　本题考查强调句和情态动词。句意：不行能是词汇导致了你练习中的问题，由于你知道很多的词。依据后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，couldn't“不行能”，符合题意。
4．(2021·重庆改编)—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.
答案：might　本题考查情态动词。句意：——“这星期六你干什么？”——“我不确定，但是我可能会去听滚石乐队。”might“或许，可能”，表示有确定的可能性。由前置语境I'm not sure可知，此处表示不确定，但是有可能，故选might。
5．(2021·江西改编)When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
答案：could　考查情态动词的用法。句意：我小孩子时，每当我想看电视，我就能看。could“能够”，符合题意。
6．(2021·北京改编)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.
—Well, I don't know.It ________ do.
答案：might　本题考查情态动词。句意：——“你不必带伞。不会下雨的。”——“我不知道。也可能会下。”might“或许，可能，”表示有确定的可能性。由I don't know可知，此处不确定，有确定的可能性，用might。
7．(2021·天津改编)No one ________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
答案：could　本题考查情态动词。题意：没有人能更慷慨，他有一颗金子般的心。could“能够”，符合题意。
8．(2021·新课标全国Ⅱ改编)Since nobody gave him any help, he ________ have done the research on his own.
答案：must　本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：由于没有人挂念他，他确定是自己独立完成的争辩。must have done表示对过去事实的确定推想，由题意可知用must。
9．(2021·四川改编)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
答案：can't　本题考查情态动词表示推想的用法。句意：你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨天晚上确定没有睡好。can't have done在此表示“过去不行能发生某事”。
10．(2021·陕西改编)The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
答案：must have got　本题考查情态动词。句意：孩子们确定是在树林里迷路了，否则按时间支配他们会在湖边野营了。依据下文可知此处是做了很有把握的确定的推想，故用must；由would have been“可知是过去的事情，要表示对于过去的事情的推想要用“情态动词＋have done”的形式，故用must have got。
11．(2021·辽宁改编)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ______(drink) too much at the party last night.
答案：must have drunk　考查情态动词的用法。句意：哈里感觉很不舒适。他确定是在昨晚的聚会上喝得太多了。此处是对过去行为的推想，must have done sth.是对过去的确定推想，“过去确定做了……”
12．(2021·浙江改编)I ________have enjoyed myself more—it was a perfect day.
答案：couldn't　本题考查情态动词＋have done。句意：我从未能玩得这么兴奋过——完善的一天。couldn't have done“不行能干过”，此处又用not more构成确定的含义，意为“没能比这更兴奋过”。所以正确答案为couldn't。
13．(2021·陕西改编)My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.
答案：should　考查情态动词。句意：我母亲建议周末转变一下外出吃饭。suggest表示“建议”时，所跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用should do构成，故用should。留意：suggest表示“表明，示意”时不用虚拟语气。
14．(2022·陕西·25改编)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
答案：could　句意：我的书《海兹的房屋》不见了。是谁拿走了呢？could have...表示推想，符合句意。
15．(2022·江西·30改编)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.
答案：might　句意：生活是难以预料的，甚至最穷的人可能变成最富有的。might“可能，或许”，表示可能性。
16．(2022·湖南·25改编)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us?
答案：needn't　句意：——“我为野炊预备了各种各样的食物。”——“你的意思是说我们不必带任何东西了吗？”从前者所说的话可知，食物已经预备好了，那么对方自然就没有必要再做预备，needn't“没有必要”，符合句意。
17．(2022·重庆·3改编)I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
答案：needn't　句意：我已经预定了披萨，所以，当我们疲乏地到家时就没必要担忧做饭了。由句中表示因果关系的so可以确定needn't。
18．(2022·四川·6改编)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
答案：would　句意：我照旧记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would在这里表示过去的一种习惯。
19．(2022·江苏·31改编)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
答案：should　句意：他们自己如此贫困竟然还给我带食品，这让我难过。结合句意可知，此处选should表示“竟然”。
20．(2022·北京·27改编)________ I have a word with you? It won't take long.
答案：can　句意：我可以跟你说句话吗？不会占用太多时间。can“能够，可以”。结合句意可知，此处表示恳求，故can符合题意。
21．(2022·福建·32改编)________there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
答案：were　句意：假如没有现代的远程通信，要得到来自世界各地的消息我们要等好几周。本题考查省略if的虚拟语气。在非真实条件句中有had, were, should, 可将had, were, should提前形成部分倒装，条件句中的if省略。
22．(2022·安徽·30改编)People are recycling many things which they ________(throw) away in the past.
答案：would have thrown　句意：人们正在回收很多在过去会被他们扔掉的东西。依据语境可知，此处是对过去的假设，应用“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去状况的虚拟。
23．(2022·天津·15改编)________he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
答案：Had　句意：假如他赶上了早上的火车，他是不会开会迟到的。非真实条件从句省略if时，用部分倒装；从句与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时。
24．(2022·浙江·16改编)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________(come) to our help.
答案：would have come　句意：在我们做调查的那几个月，他们始终在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮我们了。由从句中的关键词or可知，此处是虚拟语气，同时依据前面的they were abroad可知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟。依据语法规章可知，句中谓语动词用“should/would/could/might＋have done”结构。
25．(2022·北京·34改编)We ________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
答案：would be　句意：假如你没有丢失了地图，我们现在已经回到宾馆了。本句中条件从句是对现在发生的事情的一种假设，所以从句部分的谓语动词一般用过去时，再结合主句中的时间状语now可知，主句中应当用“would＋动词原形”结构。