2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题08-非谓语动词(解析版).docx

【母题再现】
题型介绍：
非谓语动词考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：非谓语动词作定语、非谓语动词作状语、动名词作主语、非谓语动词的独立主格结构、非谓语动词短语与状语从句之间的转换等。
命题形式：
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.语法填空（短文填空）（毁灭在全国卷中）3.短文改错。
高考选题：
题型1：
【2022·浙江卷】14. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.
   A. to appoint         B. appointing            C. appointed           D. having appointed
题型2：
【2022·新课标全国卷Ⅰ】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __61__(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it __62__(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean­up.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days __64__ even a few months. It took years of work __65__(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __66__(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __67__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are __68__(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be __70__(patience).
点评：有两道题考查非谓语动词的用法
题型3：
【2022·陕西卷】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

解题技巧：
解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：
非谓语动词是高中英语教学法的重点和难点，也是历届高考的重点项目。命题热点多是借助于基本概念，在语境中考查常用动词的各种非谓语形式以及共性动词后的非谓语形式的不同要求。有时也涉及到非谓语动词规律主语的全都性问题以及独立结构中非谓语的各种变化。其考点主要包括：
1、考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区分。要求熟记“三类”动词：（1）只能接不定式作宾语的动词。如：seem, attempt, neglect, afford, demand, long, arrange, mean, expect等；（2）只能接动名词作宾语的动词。如：acknowledge, admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, escape, consider, permit, imagine, postpone, risk,等；（3）接不定式和动名词意义有别的动词。如：remember, try, mean, regret等。
2、考查不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区分。简洁地说就是：不定式表示“将来的动作”，现在分词表示“进行的动作”，过去分词表示“完成的动作”。
3、考查不定式和分词作状语的区分。（1）结果状语：only to do表示“出乎意料的结果”；thus doing表示“自然而然的结果”。（2）程度状语：be glad（silly，sad，disappointed，satisfied，sorry，surprised…）to have done表示“很兴奋（愚蠢、难过…）做了….”。（3）缘由状语：being＋形容词（过去分词、副词、介词短语、名词）通常在句中表示缘由。
4、考查分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区分。（1）感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式：不带to 的不定式、现在分词和过去分词。（2）leave 后接三种形式作宾补：leave sb doing sth“让某人始终做某事”,;leave sth undone“留下某事未做”; leave sth to be done“留下某事要做”。（3）have, get 后接三种形式作宾补：have/get sth done “使/让某事由别人去做”(叫/让某人做某事);have sb / sth doing “使/让某人/物持续地做某事”(现在分词表示主动或正在进行);get sb / sth doing “使某人/物开头行动起来”;have sb do sth (get sb to do sth) “使/让 /叫某人去做某事”。（4）be said（reported、thought、considered…）+ to do sth（据说“要…”）/ to be doing sth（据说“正在…”）/ to have done sth（据说“已经…”）。
5、考查非谓语的时态和语态。即，现在分词的一般体和完成体的区分；过去分词和现在分词的区分。
6、考查非谓语动词的其它结构。with（out）复合宾语结构、独立主格结构、不定式的复合结构等。
2021年高考将连续加强对非谓语动词的考查，而且对分词的考查仍是重点。试题的测试点将呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势，但试题的难度不会太大。
【考点揭秘】
高频考点一：考查动名词短语作主语
【山东省郯城一中2022届高三12月月考】 — What has made him in such a low mood recently?
— _________ by his father for not passing the exam
A Being criticized B. Criticized C. Having criticized D. To criticize
高频考点二：非谓语动词作定语
【山东省郯城一中2022届高三12月月考】 The document film ______ next week aims at introducing local cultures to the world.
A. released B. being released C. to be released D. having been released

【山东省日照市2022届高三12月校际联考】I passed by Joan quickly without greeting her, ______not to see her.
A. pretending B.to pretend C .pretended D .having pretended
高频考点四：考查不定式作目的状语
【山东省济南外国语学校2022届高三上学期质量检测】Which way do you enjoy _______ the coming winter holiday, staying home or going on a trip to Europe?
A. spending B. spend C. to spend D. to be spending

高频考点五：考查复合结构
【山东省桓台其次中学2022届高三9月月考】—Come on，please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work my mind，I almost break down.
A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．being filled
高频考点六：考查动名词作宾语
【山东省德州市重点中学2022届高三上学期期中考试】 The bird was so lucky that it missed_________.
A. catching B. to catch C. to be caught D. being caught

【山东省潍坊市2022届高三3月模拟考试】He drank up the whole bottle of milk，not even a drop to his little brother．
A．1eave B．leaving C．1eft D．to leave
【直击高考】
非谓语动词
1.【2022·全国大纲卷】23.Today there are more airplanes________ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying
2.【2022·全国大纲卷】33. ______me tomorrow and Fll let you know the lab result.
A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called
3.【2022·重庆卷】5. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _______ to our shop for quality problems.
A. returning B. returned C. to return D. to be returned
4.【2022·重庆卷】11. Group activities will be organized after class _______ children develop team spirit.
A. helping B. having helped C. helped D. to help
5.【2022·北京卷】35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..
A. recognizing B. being recognized
C. having recognized D. having been recognized
6.【2022·北京卷】28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving B. solved
C. being solved D.to be solved

7.【2022·北京卷】24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..
A. Observe B. To observe
C. Observed D. Observing
8.【2022·北京卷】25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A.watch B. to watch
C. watched D. watching
9.【2022·天津卷】7. Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written
10.【2022·天津卷】5. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ id didn’t fit
A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found
11.【2022·山东卷】6. There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again.
A. saying B. says C. said D. having said
12.【2022·山东卷】9. It’s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer.
A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs
13.【2022·江西卷】26. When it comes to __ in public, no one can match him.
A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken

14.【2022·江西卷】31. ___nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent
15.【2022·江西卷】34. He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted
16.【2022·四川卷】5. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort.
A. having developed      B. to develop          C. developed          D. develop

17.【2022·四川卷】7.— I hope to take the computer course.
— Good idea. ____ more about it, visit this website.
A. To find out               B. Finding out        C. To be finding out       D. Having found out
18.【2022·福建卷】27. the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend
19.【2022·福建卷】30. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.
A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected
20.【2022·江苏卷】29. The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given

21.【2022·陕西卷】12. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim?
A. to go B. going C go D. having gone

22.【2022·陕西卷】20. ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out
23.【2022·安徽卷】32．While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A. promote B. promoted C. promoting D. to promote
【答案】B
24.【2022·湖南卷】21.Children，when ______ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A. to be accompanied B. to accompany
C. accompanying D. accompanied
25.【2022·湖南卷】____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to
convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood
C. Being understood D. Having understood
26.【2022·湖南卷】27. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.
A. to stare B. staring C. stared D, having stared
27.【2022·湖南卷】30.______ what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life
for it
A. Make B. To make C. Making D. Made
28.【2022·湖南卷】35. ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought
and inner quietness.
A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing
【课后反馈】
夯实基础：
1．【山东省试验中学2022届高三上学期其次次模拟考试】A stranger started walking about in the hall, to find the main office.
A、trying B、to try C、tried D、was trying
2．【山东省试验中学2022届高三上学期其次次模拟考试】Cao Cao’s tomb is reported in Anyang, which attracts nationwide attention.
A、being found B、to be found
C、having been found D、to have been found
2．【山东省试验中学2022届高三上学期其次次模拟考试】On your way home, you’d better get the medicine
at chemist’s; take the pill three times a day after meals.
A、the;the B、the,/ C、/,/ D、/,the
3．【山东省试验中学2022届高三第一次模拟考试】 Word came that Chinese sports delegation has won 9 medals in the 2022 Winter Olympics in Sochi，Russia, __________the 12th of the medal list.
A. ranking B. ranked C. to rank D. having ranked

4．【山东省山师附中2022届高三11月期中考试】-Come on, please give me some ideas about the design.
A、filling B、filled C、to fill D、being filled
5．【山东省青岛市2022届高三上学期期中考试】 ______ this winding path, and you’ll come to a lovely cottage by a lake in the woods.
A. To follow B. Following C. Followed D. Follow
力气拓展：
6．【山东省青岛市2022届高三上学期期中考试】 Last summer we visited abandoned farms______ over a hundred years ago.
A. building B. to be built C. built D. being built
7．【山东省青岛市2022届高三上学期期中考试】 A warning signal suddenly appeared on the screen, ______ the computer was being attacked by a certain virus.
A. indicated B. indicating C. to indicate D. having indicated
8．【山东省临沂市2022届高三3月教学质量检测】The houses for the low-income families_______ at present in our city will be completed next year。
A. to be built B. built C. being built D. having been built
9．【山东省济宁市曲阜师大附中2022届高三上学期期中考试】 _____ in 2011, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway has benefited Qufu a lot.
A. To complete B. Completing C. Having completed D.Completed
10．【山东省济宁市2022届高三上学期期末模拟检查】 My friend Jack was the first person I knew ______an iPhone 5S.
A. using B. to use C. used D. having used
自我提升：
11．【浙江省六校（省一级重点校）2022届高三三月联考】 Then professor walked onto the platform and seated himself in a chair, ______ for answering questions.
A. had prepared     B. being prepared C. preparing D. prepared
12．【浙江省宁波市2022届高三其次次模拟】The problem of the widening gap between the rich and the poor, if not properly ______, can result in many serious social tensions.
A. being handled B. to handle C. handled D. handling
13．【2022届四川省宜宾市高中一诊英语试题】 China’s one-child family policy which has had great effect on the lives of a quarter of the world’s population will come to end.
A. a; an B. 不填；an C. a; the D. a; 不填

13．【浙江省宁波市十校2022届高三三月联考】The couple is considering a 3D TV set for their new flat, which is widely considered to be in fashion．
A．to buy B．buy C． buying D．to be bought
14．【2022届河北省衡水中学下学期期中】Since the one-baby policy __61____(carry) out in China, Chinese families have been shrinking from one with over 10 members to the other with only three including parents and baaby. Things are usually out of our expectation. Apart from the benefits ___62____ have been mentioned enough, small families are now beginning to have ___63___own problems. Because parents are having fewer children, they increasingly feel the need ___64____(control) the lives of those children. As a result, many children are becoming less ___65____(depend), determined and ambitious than in the past.
Parents today discourage their children from doing housework, extracurricular activities and socializing ___66___ they fear it will interrupt their education. For example, when I was younger I wanted to learn the guitar ___67___ my parents wouldn’t allow me because they believed it would distract me from my studies. They are happy as long as I perform ___68___(wonder) in my exams but don’t seem concerned about how I develop ___69___ a person.
To some extent, I understand parents’ concerns, but I think they should love their children for __70__ they are, not what they want them to be. We deserve the chance to chase our own dreams and learn on our own. Even if we fail, we can learn from those failures.

15．【2022届河北省唐山市一模】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两赴，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
第一节 短文改错：
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin．Therefore, I couldn't understand "real music"．After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool．l will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store． There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed．He became my the first guitar teacher