2021高考英语(课标通用)大二轮复习测试-语法专题：专题六-情态动词和虚拟语气.docx

1．(2022·唐山模拟)Sorry，I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A．might B．should
C．can D．will
解析　考查情态动词的用法。句意：对不起，我迟到了。我可能是把闹钟关了，又睡了。might“可能”，有猜想的意思；should应当；can能够；will将要。
答案　A
2．(2022届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考)—Would you mind if I set out earlier tomorrow morning?
—Well，I'd rather you ________.
A．don't B．didn't
C．won't D．wouldn't
解析　考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：——假如明天早上早点动身你介意吗？——嗯，我宁愿你不。would rather后面的句子用动词的过去式表达虚拟语气。故选B项。
答案　B
3．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)—How did you do in the test ?
—Not so well.I ________ much better but I misread the directions for Part D.
A．could have done B．could do
C．must have done D．should do
解析　考查情态动词。句意：——你考试做得怎么样？——不太好。我本能够做得更好的，但我读错了D部分的说明。对过去时态的推想，用情态动词＋ have done，A本能够做；C过去肯定做。故选A项。
答案　A
4．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)—Did you hear about Zhang Lili who saved the kids from being run over by a school bus?
—Yes.What do you think most people ________ if they were in a similar situation?
A．will do B．will have done
C．would do D．would have done
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：——你听说张丽丽从一辆正在行驶的校车下救了孩子？——是的，假如在类似的状况，你认为大多数人都会怎么做？结合句意可知这是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故主句谓语动词用would＋动词原形。故选C项。
答案　C
5．(2022届辽宁省沈阳二中高三上学期期中考试)—We are worried about Tom.Why hasn't he come back?
—Don't worry.He ________ in a traffic jam.
A．might be caught B．may have been caught
C．can have been caught D．should have been caught
解析　考查情态动词＋完成式的用法。句意：——我们很担忧汤姆。为什么他还没有来？——别担忧，他有可能遇到交通堵塞了。may have done过去可能做了……，由于是be caught in“遇上了”，can 表示推想时，一般用于否定和疑问句中，should have done过去本应当做却没有做，选B项。
答案　B
6．(2022届黑龙江省双鸭山一中高三上学期期中)—Will you join us in the party this Saturday evening?
—If I ________，I would；but I will have left for Japan on business by then.
A．am free B．were to be free
C．will be free D．would be free
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：——你将要参与周六晚上的派对吗？——假如我有空，我会的。但在那之前我将要前往日本经商了。由but I will have left for Japan on business by then.可知是和将来相反的虚拟语气条件句，用一般过去式或were to do，选B项。
答案　B
7．(2022届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考)I felt surprised that anyone of his intelligence ________ such an easy test.
A．might have failed B．could have failed
C．should have failed D．must have failed
解析　考查情态动词表推想的用法。句意：我感到惊异是象他这样智力的人竟然连如此简洁的测试都没有通过。might have failed可能没通过；could have failed有可能没通过；must have failed肯定没通过；should在这里表示惊异的态度。故选C项。
答案　C
8．(2022届浙江省浙北名校联盟高三上学期期中联考)It is recommended that you ________ your accommodation in advance in tourist season，as you may find all the best hotels are not accessible.
A．book B．must book
C．will book D．shall book
解析　考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：推举您在旅游季节提前预定住宿，由于您可能会发觉全部最好的酒店都无法进住的。recommend、suggest等表建议、要求、命令等的词的从句要用should加动词原形表虚拟语气，should可省略。故选A项。
答案　A
9．(2022届江苏省苏州六校高三上学期12月联考)—Mother，I climbed up to that tall tree and picked this big apple.
—Jesus! You________ down and hurt yourself.
A．might have fallen B．might fall
C．must have fallen D．must fall
解析　考查情态动词。句意：——妈妈，我爬上那棵高高的树摘了苹果。——Jesus，你可能会掉下伤了自己。由于是对过去的推想，排解B、D，might have done是对过去的不确定的推想“可能会做”，must have done过去肯定做了，不符合句意。选A。
答案　A
10．(2022届山西省运城市高三上学期质量检测)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ yesterday.
A．was happening B．happens
C．has happened D．happened
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：Eliza精确     地记得一切，好像是昨天发生的。as if后面的从句用相应的过去时表示虚拟语气，排解B、C，A是正在发生，不符合句意，选D项。
答案　D
11．(2022届北京市第四十四中学高三第一学期期中测试)—I phoned you yesterday morning.A girl answered，but I didn't recognize the voice.
—Oh，it ________ my younger sister.She was in my room at that moment.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．could have been D．may have been
解析　考查情态动词表推想的用法。句意：——我昨天早上打电话给你。一个女孩接的，但我没听出是谁的声音。——哦，肯定是我的小妹妹。她那会正在我的房间。A肯定是，确定推想；B本应当；C可能是；D或许是。结合语境，选A项。
答案　A
12．(2022届浙江省五校高三第一次联考)—But for your timely warning，we ________ into great trouble.
—Well，you know we're friends.
A．would get B．must have got
C．would have got D．can't have got
解析　考查虚拟语气。本题是一个含蓄条件的虚拟语气，它表示的条件不是通过if条件句表示出来，而是通过介词短语but for要不是，假如没有……；句意：要不是你准时提示，我就会陷入大麻烦了。——嗯！你知道我们是好伴侣的。依据句意可知这件事情发生在过去，故主句使用would have done表示对过去状况的虚拟。A、B、D三项都不能用于对过去状况的虚拟。故选C项。
答案　C
13．(2022届辽宁省抚顺二中高三上学期期中考试)—I didn't care about what other people thought about me.
—Well，you ________.
A．should B．could
C．would have D．ought to have
解析　考查情态动词。句意：——我不在意别人是怎样评价我的。——哦，你应当在意呀。依据句意排解B could 能够和C would have本打算，排解A是由于情态动词加do 表现在，D.ought to have 本应当……而没有，本句依据上句确定下句是指过去，故选D项。
答案　D
14．(2022届河南郑州第四中学高三上学期第一次调考)If he________ to the teacher attentively in the past year，he ________ the answer to the question now.
A．had listened；would know
B．listened；knew
C．listens；knew
D．has listened；knows
解析　考查混合型虚拟语气。句意：假如在过去的一年里他认真听老师讲课了，那么他现在就能够知道这个问题的答案了。从in the past year 推断前面条件状语从句是对过去进行假设，应当用过去完成时；而后面主句中的now则提示应当是对现在的虚拟，应当用would ＋动词原形，所以整个句子是混合型的虚拟语气，故选A项。
答案　A
15．(2022届重庆市三峡名校联盟高三12月联考)Don't worry about your future.As long as you try your best，a great future ________ wait for you on your way.
A．would B．can
C．must D．should
解析　考查情态动词。“should”表示“理应如此”。句意：不要为你的将来担忧。只要你尽力了，奇特的前途应当就在你的征途中等着你的。would过去经常，过去将来；can能够；must必需，依据题意可知选D项。
答案　D
16．(2022届北京市朝阳区高三上学期期中考试)If we ________ the day before yesterday，we would have done the job.
A．hadn't been interrupted B．weren't being interrupted
C．wouldn't be interrupted D．weren't interrupted
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：假如我们前天没有被打搅，我们就可能完成工作了。主句用的是we would have done the job.说明是和过去相反的虚拟语气，主句应当是过去完成时，选A项。
答案　A
17．(2022届山东省德州市重点中学高三上学期期中考试)—Fined ￥100! You know you were driving 100 Km an hour，don't you?
—No，officer.I ________.This car doesn't do 80.
A．shouldn't have been B．mustn't have been
C．can't have been D．mightn't have been
解析　考查情态动词的用法。句意：——罚款100元！你知道刚才你的车速是100公里每小时吗？——不。警官，我不行能那样的。这辆汽车开不到80码的。shouldn't have done本不应当做某事，实际上却做了；can't have done不行能做了某事；mightn't have done或许没有做某事。不存在mustn't have done的结构。依据句意可知选C项。
答案　C
18．(2022届江苏南通中学高三英语开学摸底考试)We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog，otherwise we ________ here in time for the conference.
A．arrived B．had arrived
C．would arrive D．would have arrived
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：由于大雾我们被滞留在机场了。否则我们就能准时赶上开会了。这里的otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句，if we hadn't been stuck at the airport，是和过去相反的虚拟条件句，主句应当是would have done。选D项。
答案　D
19．(2022届四川省成都石室中学高三上学期期中考试)—Can I pay the bill by check?
—Sorry，sir.According to the rules of our hotel，the payment ________ be made in cash.
A．shall B．need
C．will D．can
解析　考查情态动词。句意：——我能用支票付款吗？——先生，对不起。我们酒店规定用现金付账。shall用于其次、三人称表示警告、威逼、允许、命令和规定等。need需要；will情愿；can能够，故选A项。
答案　A
20．(2022届河南中原名校联盟高三上学期第一次摸底考试)If we had taken such effective measures much earlier，the river ________ so seriously now.
A．is not polluted
B．would not be polluted
C．had not been polluted
D．would not have been polluted
解析　考查错综时间条件句。本句从句与过去的事实相反，而主句与现在的事实相反，这里now是解题关键。句意：假如我们早些实行如此有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被严峻地污染了。依据句意可知选B项。
答案　B

依据上下文和括号中的提示，用正确的虚拟语气完成句子
I'm very grateful for your help doing my study in America.Without your help,1.________(我的英语不会提高的那么快)．If you were to visit China this summer,2.________(我将到机场接您)．By the way，do you know how is everything going with Mr.Smith? I failed to get in touch with him after I left America.I would be very thankful 3.________(要是你能给我供应他的电子邮箱和电话号码)．How I wish 4.________(我能尽快与他取得联系)!
答案　1.my English couldn't have improved so quickly
2．I would pick you up at the airport
3．if you could offer me his email address or telephone number
4．I could contact with him as soon as possible