2021年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练系列1-Word版含答案.docx

2021年高考高频词汇必背及训练系列1
1. access ①通道，入口 ②(接近或进入的)方法，机会，权利③[vt.]取得，猎取（尤指计算机数据）
考点提示：
①have access to sth.可以使用……/有……接触机会
have access to a car/a computer.有汽车/计算机可以使用
②gain/get access (to sth.)进入[某地】；见到[某人或某物]
完成句子
①同学需要得到图书的便利途径。
Students need easy _____________________ the books.
②每个人都有受训练权。
Everyone __________________________ education.
③只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。
_____________________________their house is along that narrow road.
2. absence n. ①缺席，不在场[反presence] ②不存在，缺乏
考点提示:
①absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在的;
be absent from……不在……；缺席……
be absent for……（不在）去了……
②in/during sb’s absense在某人不在期间
完成句子
①我不在时，请照看我的房子。
Please take care of my house
________________________________________________________________________.
②在缺乏其他证据下，我们不得不认为这属实。
We were obliged to accept it as true
________________________________________________________________________.
③老师对他旷课很生气。
The teacher was angry at his
________________________________________________________________________.
④他今日缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。
He ___________________________ today.
⑤有些国家终年无雪。
Snow __________________________ some countries.
⑥他外出了，现在在欧洲。
He ________________________.
3.suppose vt.认为，猜想
考点提示：
suppose＋that/to be认为，猜想
be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望，(不)应当
suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用)
表示“假定……结果会怎么样？”
I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don't
suppose so.我认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。
(1)—Jerry is playing online games.
—He's playing games？He's ________ to be doing his homework now.
A. believed B. supposed C. considered D. pretended
(2)—How do you ________we will go to Hainan for our holidays?
—I think we'd better fly there. It's much more comfortable.
A. insist B. want C. suggest D. Suppose
4. switch vt.转换，转变
考点提示：
switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成B
switch on开(电灯、机器等)
switch off关(电灯、机器等)；失去爱好；觉得乏味
switch over转换频道；转变
(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has________its focus to providing technical assistance and long­term loans to developing countries.
A. fixed B. exchanged C. transferred D. switched
(2)She started studying medicine at college, but ________ to Business Studies in her second year.
A. transformed B. skipped C. adjusted D. switched
5.matter vi.重要，有重大关系　n．物质；问题；毛病
考点提示：
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
no matter不要紧，没关系
as a matter of fact实际上；不瞒你说；的确
It doesn't matter.没关系。
“他问我怎么回事”习惯上说：He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语，故后边语序不变)，而有些同学惯用He asked me what the matter was.句子虽正确，但意思不同，此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”
①Don't worry. It's only a(n) ________of money. We will try our best to collect enough.
A. matter　　　　　B. affair C. business D. accident
②The thing that ________ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A．matters　　　 B．cares C．minds D．considers
6.condemn v. ①责怪，指责 ②宣判，判刑[同sentence]
完成句子
①我们责怪他的不良行为。
We ________ him ________ his bad conduct.
②犯人被判处死刑。
The prisoner ___________________________.
7. condition n. ①条件 ②[ 用复数](工作或生活等的)条件，状况 ③[(健康或物品的)状态，状况
完成句子/英译汉/单项选择
①假如你能在星期一还我，我可以借给你这本书。
I will lend you the book ________________________ you________ it on Monday.
②在这么恶劣的状况下，我们只有推迟野营了。
_____________________, we have to put off the camp.
③He is living in terrible conditions.
④That is a used car in good condition.
_____________________________________________
⑤我决不会转变我的方法。
On no condition ________________________ my mind.
⑥I agree to his suggestion ________ the condition that he drops all charges.
A. by B. in C. on D. to
8. character n．品质；性格；人物；角色；字体
考点提示：
be different in character有着不同的性格
a man of character有共性的人，有骨气的人
a leading character主角
in the character of以……的资格，扮演……的角色
out of character不适合，和……不相称
The Chinese characters汉字
characteristic adj. 表现特点的n. 特征，特性，特色
characterize v. 表现……的特色
①Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ________ building.
A．respect B．friendship C．reputation D．character
②Mr. Johnsons is of good ________， so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood.
A．character B．characteristic C．feature D．uniqueness
9.found vt.建立，创立
考点提示：
be founded on/upon建立在……基础上
find→found→found(发觉)
found→founded→founded(创办，建立)
foundation n．基础，依据，建立，创办
lay foundations 打地基
founder n．奠基者，创建者，缔造者
put up, set up, build与found的区分
①put up表示“建筑，搭建”时，指高于地平面的建筑物，即“搭起，竖起，挂起”之意，同set up。
②set up还表示“建立，成立”，常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用，这时相当于found，如：set up home安家落户。
③build意为“建筑，建设，建立”，是最一般的用语，常指建筑大的东西，可接具体或抽象的名词。
④found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up，但found更强调打基础。
用found, put up, set up的正确形式填空：
①________in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
②A new theatre ________________ where there used to be a temple.
③The factory has ________ a night school to strengthen the workers' education.
10. opinion n．意见，看法，主见
考点提示：
in one's opinion＝in the opinion of sb.依据某人的看法
have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对……评价很好/很糟
be of the opinion that...主见……，认为……
in one's view以……的观点来看
point of view观点
opinion与view
①opinion是一般通用词，指对事物或问题经过思考后提出的意见、主见、看法，含有初步的，不愿定的意味。
②view指“见解，观点”，侧重对较广泛、重大或有关公众的问题所接受的态度，view比opinion更为确定、全面和系统。
①It's a terrible shame，________，that the building was knocked down.
A．I think B．in my opinion C．personally D．All above
②Although ________ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.
A. against B. on C. for D. in

答案：1.①access to　②has access to　③The only access to
2.①during my absence　②in the absence of other evidence　
③absence from school　④is absent from school/work/the meeting　
⑤is absent in　 ⑥is absent in Europe
3.(1)B　be supposed to do sth.意为：某人应当做某事。题中用了不定式的进行式，表示：Jerry应当正在做作业。 (2)D
4.(1)D (2)D　考查动词辨析。句意：她从医学专业转到商务争辩系，用switch表示“转换，转变(思路、话题等)”。B项可表示“急速转变”，不符合语境。其他选项的含义：A“转变，转变，改选”，C“调整”。
5.①A　考查名词辨析。短语a matter of表示“(仅仅、就)只是……的事而已”，如a matter of days/time“仅仅几天，只是时间的早晚”。句意：别担忧，这只是钱的事情而已，我们会尽力募集够的。② A
6.①condemned; for　 ②was condemned to death
7.①on condition that; return　②Under such bad weather conditions
③他的生活条件很差。④那是一辆状况良好的旧车。⑤will I change
⑥C　句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃全部的指控。on (the) condition that 在……条件下，介词用on，属固定搭配。
8.①D　句意：独自徒步旅行可能会很好玩并且有益于健康，或许对意志的磨炼也有好处。respect敬重，爱戴；friendship友情；reputation名誉，荣誉，声望；character性格，品德，品质，特点，特性。又如：The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后，小男孩重返学校表现出了他坚韧的毅力。
②A　character这里说明人的品质
9.①Founded ② has been put up ③set up
10.①D　A、B、C三个选项的意思相同，均可作插入语。故选D项。
②A