高中英语必修二Unit5知识点讲解学习.doc

高中英语必修二Unit5知识点

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Unit 5 《Music》 知识点
【短语归纳】
1.dream of / about (doing) sth    梦见, 梦想… 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
3.be honest with sb.     对…诚实      4. form the habit of养成…的习惯 
5. play jokes/a joke on sb捉弄=play tricks/a trick on sb.
6. base on  以….为基础, 基于… be based on
7. break up  破裂；拆散；停止；（战争等）爆发   
8.be/get familiar with sb/sth 对…熟悉
9.sort out 分类 10. be confident of/about/in 对……有信心
11.give/put on a performance=perform 演出，表演
12.go wrong  出了毛病 e up with  提出
14. stick to do=insist on doing   坚持做某事 15. above of all   首先，最重要的是    
16. attract one's attention/interest     吸引某人的注意力/兴趣

【单元知识点】
1.Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert?
dream of/ about ( doing ) sth 梦想做某事
dream one’s life away虚度光阴 dream a ...dream 做……梦
E.g. When she was young, she dreamed of being a doctor in the future.
All of us dream of a better future.
2. Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan?
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth. 假装已经做了某事
e.g. I pretend to give him the cold shoulder (冷落)。我故意假装冷落他。
He pretended to be reading an important when the boss entered.
3.To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
dishonest adj.不诚实的 honesty n. 忠实
be honest with sb. 对某人说实话，对…诚实
to be honest= honestly speaking 说实在,实话说
e.g. I shall be quite honest with you.我会跟你说实话的.
4.attach ...to ...附上；连接；系上；把……归于……
attach importance/significance/value to sth. 认为某事物重要/有意义/有重要价值
attach oneself to 依附; 参加(党派等)
be attached to 热爱；依恋; 附属于 attach A to B A附属于B
e.g. I attached great importance to this research.
He is deeply attached to his mother.
the High school attached to Northeast Normal University 东北师大附中
5. But just how do people form a band?
1) form vt. 形成；构成；排列；(使)组成；养成（习惯）
form a habit of 养成…的习惯
e.g. All of you should form the habit of taking notes in class.
2)n. 形式；表格
in the form of…以……形式 take the form of ...采取……的形式
be in/out of form 处于良好/不良的竞技状态 fill in the form 填表格
6. Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway … …
复合名词变复数规则:
1)将主体名词即中心词变复数
passer-by→passers-by路人 looker-on → lookers-on旁观者
son-in-law → sons-in-law女婿 editor-in-chief → editors-in-chief主编
2)若无主体名词,则只在最后一个词加复数词尾
go-between → go-betweens 中间人 grown-up → grown-ups 成年人
3)由man, woman构成的复合名词变复数时,两个都要变
woman servant→women servants 女仆人
7. …so that they can earn some extra money for themselves …
earn vt.赚得；挣得；使得到
earn sb. sth 使某人赢得… earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声
earn one’s/a living (by…)= make one’s/a living (by…)=live on sth.靠…谋生/生活
易混辨析earn/obtain/acquire/get/gain
earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价，有功而获得。
obtain 着重指通过巨大努力、要求得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
acquire书面用语，强调通过不断地、持续地努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地获得。
get一般用语，使用较广。可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
gain侧重经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就，或指获得某种利益或好处
e.g. He failed to obtain a scholarship. （巨大努力、盼望已久的）
His achievement earned him respect.（靠自己的劳动）
He gained much good.（利益或好处）
He got the first prize in the listening contest. (用途较广)
8. performance n. 演出/表演
put on a performance 上演；表演 give a performance 进行表演
e.g. They are going to give a performance of Hamlet
perform 1) vt/vi 表演，演奏 e.g. She performed a dance for them.
He will perform at a concert next week
2) vt履行/执行/尽（责任）
perform one’s duty/task 尽责/执行任务 perform an operation 进行手术
9.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
play jokes on sb 拿某人开玩笑，与某人开玩笑 have a joke with sb. 与某人说笑话
just for/as a joke 只是(为了)开玩笑 It’s no joke. 这可不是开玩笑的
e.g. He is a serious, don’t play jokes on him.
10.As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.
rely on/upon sb. /sth.依赖某人 rely on/upon sb. to do sth.依赖某人做某事
rely on one’s own effort 自力更生
11. familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
sb. be/get familiar with sb/sth 对…熟悉 e.g. I am familiar with Apple products.
sth be familiar to sb 某物对某人来说很熟悉 e.g. Apple products are familiar to me.
12. break up 解散；驱散；分裂；拆散；结束；使精神垮掉
联想拓展：break away from 摆脱；脱离 break down 机器出故障；崩溃; 瓦解
break in 破门而入；插嘴 break one’s promise/word 食言 break out 爆发
13. hit n. （演出等）成功；打击；打
vt. & vi. 击中；碰撞；袭击；（精神上）打击；使突然想起
常用结构：hit it 猜中，说对了 hit on/upon 偶然碰上；偶然想起
be/make a hit 搏得好评/很成功
hit sb. on/in the+身体部位     击中某人的…
E.g. His new play was a great hit.
China seems to have hit on a solution.
It hit me all of a sudden that he had already come back.
14. sort out 分类；整理
常用结构： sort sth./oneself out解决（某个/自己的问题等）
e.g. We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.
Let’s leave them to sort themselves out.
联想拓展：pick out挑选出 sell out卖光 put out扑灭
wear out穿坏 carry out执行 find out查明
15.confident adj. 自信的，确信的，有把握的
be confident about /of/in… be confident that~
e.g. He was confident [of achieving his purpose./in his own abilities./in himself.]
He was confident that he would be successful.
confidence n. 信心 have confidence in /that…
e.g. I have confidence in my ability. He had confidence that he could make it.
16. go wrong 发生故障，不顺利
go link-v.: go mad变疯/go bad变质/go blind变瞎
e.g. Everything went wrong in those days.
The terrible noise almost made her go mad.
The little girl went blind as a result of the accident.
17.as if /though 好像；似乎+句子
其后的从句所要表达的内容与实际不相符时，句子通常用虚拟语气。如其后的从句所要表达的内容是事实，句子则用陈述语气。
as if/though did 与目前事实不符用一般过去时
would/could/might+动词原形 与将来情况不符
had done 与过去情况不符用过去完成时，与实际相符用陈述语气
e.g. He always talks to others as if he knew everything.
He answered the question as if he had been abroad.
It looks as if it is going to rain.

【语法归纳】:时间状语从句
1. 由when, whenever, as , while, after, before, until, till, since, once, as soon as, 等引导的时间状语从句。
e.g. When the bell rang, the guard was waiting in his seat.
While ants grow they change their forms three times.
2. 由the minute, the moment, the instant, the day, the week, the year, the first time, any time, every time, each time, the last time, all the time, from the time, by the time, immediately, instantly, directly 等引导的时间状语从句。
e.g. I recognized you the minute I saw you.
另外还要注意 hardly…when… ,scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…的意思都是 “一…就…”. 通常都是hardly, scarcely, no sooner 位于句首,他们后面的主句用had done且倒装，而when, than 后面的从句用一般过去时。
e.g. Hardly/scarcely had I got home when it started to rain.
when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句的区别
1) 作为 “当…时”讲,when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用,而while 和as 只能和延续性动词连用。
2) when 从句的谓语动词可以在主句动词之前或之后发生或同时发生,而while 和as 从句的动词必须是和主句的动词同时发生。
e.g. When he had finished his homework, he took a rest.
When I got to the airport, the guests had left.
当主从句动作同时发生,切从句动作为延续性动词时, 三者可互换。
When/While/As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.
3) when 还有 “在那时” 通常用在以下句型中。
be about to do …when…
had done…when…
be doing…when…
be on the point of doing…when…
4) as 还有 “因为” “作为” “随着” “一边….一边”
e.g. As the time went on, the weather got worse.
The little girl sang as she went.
5)在将来时的从句中常用when, 且从句必须用一般现在时。
e.g. You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
6)when还用在表示 “一…就…”的句型中。
e.g. Hardly/Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.
7) while 还做并列连词 “然而” 表对比。和从属连词 “尽管” 的意思, 相当与though/although。
e.g. While he is a little boy, he knows a lot.
I'm working while my wife is watching TV.

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