新概念英语第一册语法总结教学提纲.xls

6点击朗诵外语-需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能启用方法：先启用编辑，然后启用宏内容。2003版启用方法如下：工具宏安全性低或中重启文档启用宏）不会启用宏？点击查看帮助！一一 时时态态 一一般般现现在在时时现现在在进进行行时时一一般般过过去去时时现现在在完完成成时时一一般般将将来来时时过过去去进进行行时时过过去去完完成成时时过过去去将将来来时时 1 1.一一般般现现在在时时表示一般性经常性的动作或一般性事实。含有be动词的句子He is a teacher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?变否定句在be动词后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,he is.No,he is not.Yes,she is.No,she is not.Yes,they are.No,they are not.不含有动词的句子即含有一般动词的句子 第三人称单数及单数名词 He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.第 1 页，共 39 页变疑问句在句首加does,动词变为原型Does he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesnt,动词变为原型He doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,he does.No,he doesnt.Yes,she does.No,she doesntYes,it does.No,it doesnt.注意第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S不要和名词复数混淆变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。其他人称及复数名词 I want to have abath.We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.变疑问句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath?第 2 页，共 39 页Do we have any meat?Do the students like smart teachers?变否定句在主语和动词之间加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The students dont like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I do.No,I dont.Yes,we do.No,we dontYes,they do.No,they dont.2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成 主语be动词动词的现在分词其它成分现在分词的构成见附录We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Are we having lunch?第 3 页，共 39 页Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?变否定句在be动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑问句what,which,how,where,who,etc.疑问词动词主语现在分词What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?(必背)没有进行时的动词表示状态思想感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1.表示感觉感官的词see,hear,like,love,want,第 4 页，共 39 页2.have,has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时3.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或事件 常和表示过去的时间状语连用如yesterday,last night,the day beforeyesterday,3 days ago,含有be动词的句子 将动词变为过去式am,is的过去式为wasare的过去式为wereI was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?变否定句在be动词后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes,I was.No,I was not.Yes,you were.No,you were not.Yes,he/she was.No,he/she was not.特殊疑问句 What did you do?(必背)不含有be动词的句子将动词变为过去式动词过去式构成见附录 I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.第 5 页，共 39 页The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.KingStreeta year ago.变疑问句在句首加did 动词变为原型Did you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Streeta year ago?KingStreeta year ago?变否定句在主语和动词之间加didnotI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.King Streeta year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I did.No,I didnt.Yes,he did.No,he didnt.Yes,they did.No,they did not.4.现在完成时构成主语+助动词have,has+过去分词用法1)表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作常和just,usually,already,since等时间副词连用I have just had lunch.(饱了不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.不渴了不用再喝They have already had their holiday.不能再度假了The boy has already read the book.已经知道书的内容了不用再看了 第 6 页，共 39 页2)询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?3)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.4)表示一种经历经验去过地方做过事情经历过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去过have gone to 表示去了 I havebeen to London.(人已经回来)He has gone to London.人还在那里5)表示一种结果 一般不和时间副词联用 Ihave lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型变化 第 7 页，共 39 页变疑问句将助动词移到句首变否定句在助动词后面加not.e.g.Have you lost your pen?I have not lost mypen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I have.No,I have not.特殊疑问句What have you done?What has he done?一般过去时与现在完成时的区别凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时 注意有些动词表示的动作有一个终点不能再延续因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用 错Ive left Beijingfor 3 days.对I left Beijing 3 days ago.I have been awayfrom being for 3 days.5.一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作 经常和tomorrow,next year,the day after tomorrow,the year after the next,infivehours time,etc.表示将来的词联用结构 主语+助动词will+动词原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after thenext.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?第 8 页，共 39 页Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after thenext?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?变否定句在助动词后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after thenext.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrowmorning肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I will.No,I will not.Yes,he/she will.No,he/she will not.Yes,he will.No,he will not.特殊疑问句What will you do?6.过去完成时用法在过去的时间里两个动作中发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。结构had+过去分词After she had finished her homework,she wentshopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.第 9 页，共 39 页After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号如果放在主句后则不用加。变疑问句将助动词移到句首Had she finished her homework?变否定句在助动词后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,she had.No,she hadnt.特殊疑问句What had she done?7.过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作,经常用在when,while,as引导的状语从句中。结构was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room thismorning,he dropped some coins on the floor.While we were having dinner,my father was watchingTV.8 过去将来时结构would doShe said she would go here the next morning.一 特殊句型there be 句型be going to 结构1.Be going to 结构表示打算准备计划做某事 第 10 页，共 39 页结构主语+be动词+going to+动词原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to hisdaughter.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase?Are they going to paint it?Is the father going to give the bookcase to hisdaughter?变否定句在be动词后面加notI am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to hisdaughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I am.No,I am not.Yes,they are.No,they are not.Yes,he is.No,he is not.特殊疑问句What are you going to do?第 11 页，共 39 页What are they going to do?What is the father going to do?(必背)2.There be 句型表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)There is单数名词表示场所的词一般为介词词组There is a book in this room.There is a pen on the table Thereare复数名词表示场所的词一般为介词词组There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Is there a book in this room?Are there two pens on the table?变否定句在动词后面加notThere is not a book in this room.There are not two pens on the table.肯定回答及否定回答 第 12 页，共 39 页Yes,there is.No,there is not.Yes,there are.No,there are not.一 问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句否定疑问句一般疑问句:助动词/be动词+主语Are you a teacher?Do you want to have a cup oftea?新概念英语第一册自学必备资料下载汇总 新概念英语第1册补充教材新东方在线新概念英语网络课堂课件新概念英语第一册有声E书电子书下载新概念英语教师用书第一册下载【新概念英语】第一册笔记PDF下载新概念第一册全新全绎电子书下载新概念英语第一册MP3+lrc歌词新概念英语第一册词汇手册电子书下载新概念英语第一册讲解电子书下载新概念英语第一册语法总结下载新概念英语教程第一册完美排版TXT格式下载 新概念英语第二册自学必备资料下载汇总 新概念英语第2册精美排版TXT格式下载 第 13 页，共 39 页新概念英语第二册词汇手册电子书下载新概念英语第二册笔记电子书下载新概念第二册笔记word版和pdf版全下载新概念英语第二册笔记WORD格式新概念英语教师用书第二册新概念英语第二册语法精粹【新概念英语】第二册精美笔记下载新概念英语第二册笔记pdf96课全新概念英语有声E书第二册电子书下载新概念英语第二册全86篇电子书下载 新概念英语第三册自学必备资料下载汇总 新概念英语第3册精美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第三册词汇手册电子书下载新概念第三册经典句子电子书下载新概念第三册笔记(自学新概念的宝典)新概念第三册课文精读详解50篇PDF下载新东方新概念第三册完整笔记共130多页WORD下载新概念自学导读第三册下载新概念英语教师用书第三册下载 第 14 页，共 39 页新概念英语第3册补充教材新东方在线新概念英语网络课堂课件 新概念英语第四册自学必备资料下载汇总更新中 新概念英语第四册句型精华21篇电子书下载新概念英语第4册精美排版TXT格式下载新概念英语第四册词汇手册电子书下载 新概念第四册句子精粹电子书下载新概念第四册课文打印版适合于背诵新概念英语有声E书第4册新概念英语教师用书第四册下载新概念第四册句子精粹电子书下载新概念英语第四册词汇手册汇总及文本下载新概念英语第四册手机电子书下载 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句What is your name?选择疑问句:orDo you want beef or lamb?反意疑问句:肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分 否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分You dont need that pen,do you?否定疑问句:一般疑问句+否定词Arent you lucky?Dont you want have a rest?二 冠词用法a/an/the的一般用法 第 15 页，共 39 页详细见笔记三 限定词some,any,many,muchsome,any 修饰可数名词或不可数名词some用于肯定句any用于否定句和疑问句注意当期待对方的答案为肯定回答时用some many修饰可数名词much修饰不可数名词在口语中表示很多一般不用many,much,而用a lotof,在否定句中表示很多用many,much.I have a lot of money.I dont have much money.四 名词种类复数名词所有格1名词分为可数名词和不可数名词不可数名词无法分开的东西water,tea,bread,milk,rice米抽象的东西love,beauty,coldness寒冷不可数名词有以下特点 不能用a,an修饰 不能加s 和单数be动词或动词搭配 可数名词 单数可数名词要用冠词修饰复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化规则变化的名词复数形式规则1 一般情况+se.g.shellshells bookbooks规则2 以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es 第 16 页，共 39 页e.g.foxfoxes churchchurches,busbuses,watchwatches规则3 以o结尾+s或+ese.g.potatopotatoes,NegroNegroes,heroheroes,tomatotomatoes口诀黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿剩下一般加s,radioradios规则4 以f,fe结尾的变f,fe为vese.g.lifelives halfhalves,shelfshelves,citycities,wifewives规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.skyskies flyflies不规则变化的名词复数形式单数man woman foot goose tooth复数men women feet geese teeth单数child sheep deer mouse fish复数children sheep deer mice fish 第 17 页，共 39 页五 介词(注意总结书上词组)六副词用法及形容词变副词的变化 副词可以修饰形容词动词副词或整个句子。如The book is very good.He runs fast.She came here quite early.Certainly I will go with you.变化1 直接在形容词后加-ly,careful-carefully,slow-slowly,2 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词把y变I,加-ly,happy-happily,lucky-luckily3 有些词形容词和副词的形式相同不需要做任何变化fast,hard,late4 有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远neary-nearly,high-highly,late-lately,一 情态动词的使用can,must,may,might,need,第 18 页，共 39 页1情态动词can能够,must必须,may可以结构主语+can/must/may+动词原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak English.变疑问句将情态动词移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak English?变否定句在情态动词后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak English.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,he can.No,he cannot.Yes,she can.No,she cannot.Yes,we can.No,we cannot.特殊疑问句 第 19 页，共 39 页What can you do?(必背)注意情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化不要在情态动词或动词后面加S。2Must/have to的区别must 表示必须是主观上觉得应该做haveto是不得不是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做must 只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里而have to do可以用在任何时态3must,may,might表示猜测 must do 表示对现在事实的猜测must have done表示对过去事实的猜测 must have been doing 表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测 may/might do,may/might havedone表示没有任何事实依据的猜测might的可能性更小。cant/couldnt 表示不可能 4need用法 表示“需要”时为实意动词后面可以加名词也可以加不定式I need a pen.Do you need any beer?No,I dont.I need to have a rest.Needdoing=need to be done表示被动The flowers need watering.Need在否定时做情态动词使用You neednt go so early.=You dont need to go soearly.Must I clean the desk right now?No,you neednt.一 不定代词及不定副词I looked for my book 第 20 页，共 39 页everywhere,but I cantfind it anywhere.If you want go somewhere,if you want to be someone,you must wake up.Help!Somebody?Anybody?Some any no everythingsomething anything nothing everythingonesomeone anyone anything everyonewheresomewhere anywhere anywhere everywherebodysomebody anybody nobody everybodyYou are really something.Since everybody is here,lets begin our class.Where did you go?I went nowhere.第 21 页，共 39 页Nobody is at home.I have nothing left.二感叹句 What+名词+主语+谓语What a beautiful girl she is!How+形容词+主语+谓语How beautiful the girl is!三 祈使句 第二人称 let+其他人称代词祈使句的否定加dont反意疑问 祈使句第二人称祈使句表示请求命令建议邀请等谓语动词一律用原型句子中通常不用主语句末用惊叹好或者句号用降调。肯定句 动词原型例 Come here,please.Go downstairs,please.Stand up.Sit down.Be quiet.Be careful.祈使句中如果有唤语一定要用逗号隔开放在句首或者句尾Come in,Amy.Sit down here,Tom.Mary,give me a book please.否定Dont+动词原型 第 22 页，共 39 页Dont come here.Dont sit down.Dont stand up.Dont give me it.let sb.doLet me pass.Let us have a rest.Lets have a rest.(反意疑问)Lets have a walk along the river,shall we?Letus go out for a drink,will you?四 倒装句so/neither的倒装eg.He can swim.So can I.I didnt go to class.Neither did I.结构so/neither+be+主语so/neither+助动词+主语so/neither+情态动词+主语 第 23 页，共 39 页一般现在时,do,does/am,is,are现在进行时,am,is,are一般过去时,did现在完成时,have,has一般将来时,will,shall,过去进行时was,were过去完成时had过去将来时,would五 直接引语/间接引语如果引语的主句所用动词为过去时那么间接引语要做相应变化时态人称时间地点及指示词 时态变化一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时be going towas/were going to/wouldcan-could 第 24 页，共 39 页may-might 时间地点及指示词的变化herethere,tomorrowthe next day,the followingday,thisthat 人称变化根据句意改变人称。六 直接宾语/间接宾语 主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语 直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的或者是为谁做的。所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。He gives me abook.me间接宾语,a book直接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for主语及物动词直接宾语介词+间接宾语Give me a book.Give the book to me.Send his a letter.Send a letter to him.Show him the new dress.Show the new dress to him.一 从句 宾语从句定语从句限定性表语从句状语从句if引导的真实条件句宾语从句如果宾语从句的主句中的动词为过去时那么宾语从句中的时态要和主句统一如果宾语从句为疑问词引导那么语序要用陈述语序即主语在前动词在后。www.TopS 大家网 1/2 更多精品在大家 http:/ 大家网大家的 大家网更多听力下载 听力下载请点击此 第 25 页，共 39 页英语有声读物电子书听力下载汇总更新中 以下为对应文本下载 欢乐美语35篇听力及文本下载励志英语10篇阅读及听力下载有声英文杂志50篇电子书文字+MP3+在线听世界上最美丽英文54篇电了书文字+MP3+在线听强烈推出新东方希望长着翅膀30篇电子书及听力下载有声名著之化声博士电子书下载文本+MP3英语幽默电子书下载文本及听力强烈推出越狱第一季电子书下载文本+MP3+难句解析英语精美散文22篇文本+MP3王强英语美文30篇电子书下载文本+MP3英语沙龙电子书下载文本及MP3白领英语晨读365下载文本+MP3+在线听常考时文朗诵100篇电子书下载英语灵异故事百篇电子书下载文本及听力英语诗歌80篇电子书下载文本及听力特别英语小故事18篇电子书文本及听力下载新四级听力听写练习电子书文本及MP3下载英语标准美文100篇电子书下载文本及MP3)第 26 页，共 39 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do,用法可以做除谓语以外的所有成分语法上称之为非谓语动词。做宾语在一些动词后常用不定式做宾语例如want,like,ask,try做宾补want sb.to do,ask sb.to do,like sb.todo 第 29 页，共 39 页 附录 代词及be动词名词复数 第 30 页，共 39 页动词的第三人称单数形式动词现在分词动词过去式过去式的读音形容词的比较级形容词和副词的最高级 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称代词及be动词单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数主格I we you you she/he/it they宾格me us you you her/him/it them代词所有格my our your your her/his/its their名词性代词mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirsbe动词现在时Am are are are is are be动词过去时 第 31 页，共 39 页was were were were was were名词的复数规则变化的名词复数形式规则1 一般情况+se.g.shellshells toytoys规则2 以s,x,ch,sh结尾+ese.g.foxfoxes churchchurches规则3 以o结尾s或+ese.g.radioradios potatopotatoes规则4 以f,fe结尾的变f,fe为vese.g.lifelives halfhalves规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.skyskies studystudies动词的第三人称单数形式规则1 一般情况+se.g.likelikes,look-looks规则2 以s,x,ch,sh结尾+ese.g.dodoes,catch-catches 第 32 页，共 39 页规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i+ese.g.carrycarries,fly-flies动词现在分词规则一 一般动词加-inge.g.looklooking,readreading,playplaying规则二 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-inge.g.makemaking,taketaking,arrivearriving规则三 重读闭音节词结尾即单词中只有一个元音字母其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词双写辅音字母再加-inge.g.runrunning,sitsitting,getgetting,swimswimming,stop-stopping动词过去式规则动词变化规则一 一般动词加-ede.g.looklooked,watchwatched,play-played规则二 以e结尾的加-de.g.makemaked,arrive-arrived规则三 以辅音字母加结尾的变y为i加-edcrycried,carry-carried规则四 重读闭音节词结尾即单词中只有一个元音字母其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词双写辅音字母再加-ed 第 33 页，共 39 页stopstopped,过去式的读音在清辅音后面除外读/t/e.g.walked,jumped在浊辅音和元音后读/d/e.g.washed,watched在/t/d/后读/id/e.g.waited,hated形容词和副词的比较级 规则一 一般加-ere.g.highhigher规则二 以结尾加-rnicenicer规则三 以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加-erbusybusier,比较级规则四 重读闭音节结尾 双写辅音字母再加-erfatfatter,形容词和副词的最高级 第 34 页，共 39 页规则一 一般加-este.g.highhighest规则二 以结尾加-stnic