人教版八年级英语下册第十单元教案教学内容.doc

人教版八年级英语下册第十单元教案

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Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.

教材解读
本单元以庭院售卖为载体，让学生学习“谈论所有物”和目标结构“现在完成时表示持续性动作或状态”的用法，并且在此过程中，学生不仅能掌握重点单词、短语、句型，而且也提高了听说读写等综合能力。Section B部分由谈论身边的物品转到谈论周围的环境变化，通过听说训练，学习如何描述所居住的城市或者家乡的特色建筑物的历史或者改变，此过程的学习，又进一步提高了学生的综合能力。
单元目标
一、知识与技能
1. 能谈论你拥有的物品和周围的事物。
2. 能正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态。
3. 能掌握一些重点词汇和表达：yard，memory，cent，toy，bear，maker，scarf，board，bedroom，railway，while，hometown，crayon，shame…part with，as for，to be honest， close to，according to ，
4.培养听、说、读、写各项基本技能。
二、过程与方法
采用展示图片、表演对话、创设情境、小组合作与交流、听说读写四项基本技能相结合的方式来学习本单元的知识，培养各项能力。
三、情感态度与价值观
了解国外的庭院售卖、慈善捐赠活动以及我国乡村生活的变迁。
教法导航
采用直观教学法，遵循以学生为主体的原则。
学法导航
采用独立思考与小组合作与交流相结合的方法，在老师的引领下相对独立地学习知识，培养能力。
课时支配
第1课时：Section A1a-2d
第2课时：Section A 3a-4c
第3课时：Section B 1a-2d
第4课时：Section B 3a-Self Check
课时教案

第1课时 Section A 1a-2d

教学目标
一、知识与技能
1.掌握本课单词和短语：yard sale，sweet，soft toy，bear maker，scarf，board game， check out.
2. 能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since，for 谈论自己的个人物品。
二、过程与方法
采用目标和直观教学法，调动学生的积极性，引导他们积极参与课堂。
三、情感态度与价值观
正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
教学重点
1.掌握本课单词和短语：yard sale，sweet，soft toy，bear maker，scarf，board game，check out.
2. 能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since，for 谈论自己的个人物品。
教学难点
能熟练运用since，for 谈论自己的个人物品。
教法导航
直观展示法，情境创设法。
学法导航
模仿，讨论与交流。
教学准备
图片，多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Presentation
Show the new words：yard，sale，toy bear，bread maker，scarf，soft toys，board games.
Step 3 Pair work
Work on 1a. Show the things at the yard sale. Let the students talk about them in pairs by using the important sentences:
—How long have you had that bike over there?
—I’ve had it for three years! I learned how to ride a bike on it.
Step 4 Listening
Listening：
1b, Listen and check (√) the facts you hear.
First let the students go through the sentences and then listen.
Check the answers.
Keys：Jeff’s family is having a yard sale.
Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things.
You can also give old things away to people in need.
Step 5 Work on 1c
Practice the conversation. Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.
Then let a few pairs present their dialogue.
Explain some difficult language points：
not…anymore再也（不）；（不）再。相当于not …any longer.
e.g. You can have it， for I don’t need it anymore.
The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore.
Step 6 Listening 2a，2b
Work on 2a. Listen and check (√) the things Amy’s family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping.
First let the students go through the words and then listen.
Check the answers.
Work on 2b. Listen again and fill in the blanks.
First let the students go through the sentences and make sure they understand the meaning of every sentence.
Check the answers and read the sentences aloud. (引导学生注意时间状语和for +时间段)
Keys：book，bear，baby，10，sweater，dress.
More practice. Listen again and choose the correct answers.
1. Amy wants to give away the _____.
A. book B. magazine C. bear D. hat
2. Why does the bear have special meaning to Amy?
A. Because her father bought it for her.
B. Because her grandpa bought it for her.
C. Because her grandma bought it for her.
3. Where can Amy take these things?
A. the children’s home B. the old people’s home C. the teachers’ home
Keys：1. B 2. C 3. A
Step 7 Pair work
Work on 2c. Student A is Amy’s mom，Student B is Amy. Make new conversations according to 2c.
Let them show their dialogue.
Step 8 2d
First let the students read the conversation to understand the general meaning of the conversation.
Then deal with some difficult points.
1. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。
a couple of 表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体; 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定，
e.g. You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely.
你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。
2. The stories inside may be a bit old， but they’re still interesting.
a bit 意为“一点儿，稍微”，修饰形容词或副词，相当于 a little。
a bit of +不可数名词，a little直接加不可数名词。
e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。
not a bit =not at all 意为“一点也不”；
not a little =very 意为“非常”。
e，g. She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐。
He is not a little tired.=He is very tired. 他非常累。
3. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
check用作及物动词，意为“检查，审查”，短语check out，意为“察看，观察”。
e.g. If you finish it，check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。
Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。
check 还可用作名词，意为“支票、账单”。
Then let the students role-play the conversation by themselves.
两人一组进行示范对话。
课堂作业
1. ---____ have you been married？
---For twenty years.
A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon
2. If you sit in a chair ____ a long time， your back may begin to hurt.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
3. ---I often have hamburgers for lunch.
---You’d better not. It’s bad for you ____ too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
Keys：1. C 2. D 3. B
教学反思
本课通过一系列的听说活动，进一步提高了听说能力并掌握了一些重点单词，初步了解了for+时间段，since和现在完成时连用的基本句型。

第2课时 Section A 3a-4c

教学目标
一、知识与技能
1. 掌握一些新单词和短语：clear，clear out，bedroom，no longer own，railway，certain，honest，truthful，to be honest，part，part with，while .
2. 能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。
3. 灵活运用How long have you had that bike over there? I’ve had it for three years.
二、过程与方法
训练法，熟能生巧法，通过练习巩固复习所学知识。
三、情感态度与价值观
正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
教学重点
1. 掌握一些新单词和短语。
2. 能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。
3. 灵活运用How long have you had that bike over there? I’ve had it for three years.
教学难点
灵活运用How long have you had that bike over there? I’ve had it for three years.
教法导航
教师引导，学生自主探究，小组合作。
学法导航
自主探究与小组合作相结合。
教学准备
多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 New words
1. bedroom n. 卧室
2. railway n. 铁路；铁道
3. junior adj. 地位 (或职位、级别) 低下的
junior high school 初级中学
e.g. We could give the job to somebody junior.
我们可以把这份工作交给职位较低的人。
4. own v. 拥有；有
e.g. Most households now own at least one car. 大多数家庭现在至少有一辆汽车。
5. truthful adj. 诚实的；老实的
e.g. He was not always truthful. 他并非总是说真话。
Let the students learn the new words by themselves and the teacher corrects their pronunciation and intonation.
Have a dictation.
Step 3 Fast reading
3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?
Check the answers.
Step 4 Careful reading
教师设置如下问题，让学生回答。
Read the passage and choose true (T) or false (F).
1. My daughter is 15 and my boy has already started junior high school.
2. Our house really get smaller.
3. My son was quite sad at first.
4. My daughter felt happy to part with certain toys.
5. I want to give up my football shirts.
Keys：F F T F T
3b Read the article again and answer the questions：
1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale?
Because the father’s children get bigger and their house seems to get smaller.
2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale?
They want to give the money to a children’s home.
3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?
Because he has owned it since his fourth birthday， and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.
4. How can the old toys be useful again?
They can be sold to the people who need them.
5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?
What would you do with the money you raise?
Yes，I have. I would give it to the charity.
Step 5 Language points
Then help the students deal with the difficult points and show the following on the blackboard.
1. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.
clear v. 清理；清除
clear out 清理；丢掉
e.g. I’ll clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。
2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.
no longer 意为“不再；不复”，有时可用 not …any longer 或not … anymore 替换。e.g. He no longer lives here. (= He doesn’t live here anymore/any longer.) 他不再住这儿了。
3. My daughter was more understanding，although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.
1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。
e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。
2) part with 放弃、交出，part v. 离开，分开
e.g. Don’t part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。
4. As for me，I did not want to give up my football shirts，but，to be honest，I have not played for a while now.
1) as for 至于，关于
e.g. And as for us，we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。
2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。
e.g. To be honest，she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。
honest为形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。
Then give the students a few minutes to read the passage again.
Step 6 Grammar Focus
出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。
1. ---How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？
---I’ve had it for three years. 我买了三年了。
2. ---How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他的儿子拥有这套轨道火车多长时间了？
---He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起，他就拥有了它。
3. ---Have you ever played football? 你曾经踢过足球吗？
---Yes，I did when I was little，but I haven’t played for a while now. 是的，当我很小时就踢过，但是现在我有好长一段时间没有踢了。
教师精讲点拨：
现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.
= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. 我叔叔在这家工厂工作十年了。
I’ve lived here since 1990．
自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年没有看见他了。 
She’s been at this school since five years ago.  
自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
提醒学生必须注意动词应该用“延续性动词”，并让学生注意延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换。
Step 7 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three years ago.
Jim has been in Japan for three years.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
I have had a camera since 2009.
4. I know Ann. I first met her three years ago.
I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
Step 8 4b Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Let the students go through the sentences and then finish the tasks.
Check the answers.（提醒学生在做题时一定要注意时间状语）
Then use the same way to finish the task in 4b.
课堂作业
单项选择：
1. ---Have you ever been to an aquarium? ---No， _____.
A. I have   B. I am not  C. I haven’t  D. I hasn’t
2.---Do you mind if I stay here a little longer?  ---_____.
A. No，you can’t B. Yes，you may 
C. Certainly not  D. Yes，not at all
3.How long has his brother _____ the book?
A. kept      B. bought     C. lent     D. borrowed
4.I’ve never seen such a fine picture _____.
A. ago     B. before       C. yet      D. later
5. ---Has the foreigner been to many interesting places in Beijing?
---Yes，but he has not _____been to many other parts of China.
A. already    B. still       C. yet      D. never
参考答案：1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
教学反思
在讲解语法知识时，切记不要一味地灌输，要发挥学生的主观能动性，调动学生自己动脑，观察并发现规律和特点；然后在此基础上进行训练，效果一定很好。

第3课时 Section B 1a-2d

教学目标
一、知识与技能
1.掌握本课单词和短语：search among，crayon，shame，regard…as count，century，according to，opposite，especially，memory，consider，hold
2. 能从阅读中获得自己周围的事物变化的相关信息。
二、过程与方法
直观看图，反复听力，阅读获取信息。
三、情感态度与价值观
珍惜自己周围事物的变化，感恩社会，回报社会，关爱他人。
教学重点
1. 掌握本课时出现的生词及表达方式。
2. 进行听力训练，提高综合听说能力。
3. 阅读短文，获得相关信息，提高学生们的综合阅读能力。
教学难点
1. 进行听力训练，提高学生们听对话获取相关信息的能力。
2. 进行阅读训练，来培养学生们的综合阅读能力。
教法导航
听、说、读、写四项基本技能相结合。引导学生进行泛读和精读。
学法导航
通过多种形式的运用，培养各种能力。
教学准备
图片，多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Warming up
Talk about your hometown.
Where is your hometown?
Do you like your hometown?
What are some of the special places in your hometown?
Step 3 Group work
1a, Check (√) the places or things you can find in your town or city.
First let the students go through the words .
____ a museum ____a primary school
____ a bridge ____ a zoo
____ a park ____a hill
____ a library ____ a river
Check the answers and read the words aloud.
Step 4 Listening
1b, Listen and answer the questions. Go through the questions to understand the questions.
1. Does Martin like Jenny’s hometown?
Yes，he does.
2. Does Jenny still live in her hometown?
No，she doesn’t.
3. What is behind the science museum? What do people do there on weekends?
A big park. People go there to let their kids run around and climb the hills
1c, Listen again and fill in the chart about the places in Jenny’s hometown.
Check the answers.
Then read after the tape.
Step 5 group work
1d, Talk about your town/city with a partner according to the conversation.
A：My city is lovely.
B：What are some of the special places there?
A：Well，there’s a concert hall there. It’s been around for at least 20 years.
Then let a few pairs present their dialogue.
Step 6 Warming up
Let the students talk about the following questions freely and arouse the students’ interests.
How often do you visit your hometown?
What are the changes in your hometown?
Step 7 2a Careful reading
Answer the questions before you read. Then read the passage to find out if your answers are the same as in the passage.
1. Why do millions of Chinese leave the countryside every year?
To search for work in cities.
2. How often do you think these people visit their hometowns?
I think they visit their home towns once or twice a year.
3. What new buildings does the government usually build in towns and villages?
Large hospitals and new schools.
2b, Find expressions in the passage that have the same meanings as these words and phrases.
1. look for search for 5. go back return
2. consider regard 6. changes developments
3. across from opposite 7. area place
4. in one’s opinion according to
Then read the words and phrases aloud
2c, Complete the summary with words from the passage. You may need to change the forms of the words.
Many Chinese people these days leave their _________ to work in _______. They usually _____ to their hometown once or twice a ______. Zhong Wei hasn’t been back in close to three years. He has been working in a _____ factory in Wenzhou for the past 13 years
People like him are _________ in how their hometowns are changing. New buildings are often built by the ___________. Zhong Wei thinks these changes are ______ because things need to change in order to become better. But he also thinks some things _________ change， and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood_________.
First let the students read the summary aloud and try to understand the summary.
Then try to fill in the blanks.
Keys：hometown cities return year crayon interested government good will never memories
Then read the summary aloud.
Group work
2d Think of changes that happening in your town or city today. Which changes are generally good? Which changes could be seen as bad?
Step 8 Language