高中英语必修1至选修8重点短语及句型doc资料.doc

高中英语必修1至选修8重点短语及句型

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Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

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1. add up 把…加起来
2. be upset about / at sth. 对…而感到不安
3. be ignorant 不知道, 没意识到
4. calm… down… (使)平静, (使)镇定
5. have got to 不得不, 必须
= have to / must
6. be concerned about 关心,挂念
7. go through 经历, 经受
8. set down 记下, 放下, 登记
9. a series of 一连串, 一系列, 一套
10. on purpose 故意
11. in order to 为了
12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻
13. face to face 面对面
14. no longer / not…any longer 不再
15. tie up 绑, 包扎
16. take no notice of 不注意
17. suffer from 遭受, 患病
18. on the high way 在高速路上
19. recover from one’s illness 康复
20. get / be tired of 对..厌倦
21. pack (sth) up 将(东西)装箱打包
22. have some trouble with 有…麻烦
23. at the moment 此刻,现在
24. get along / on with 与…相处, 进展
25. fall in love with 爱上, 相爱
26. join in 参加, 加入
27. show one’s interest in 对…感兴趣
28. communicate with 与…交流
29. far and wide 到处
30. look to 注意

句型: 1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by car.
While引导了一个时间状从; walking the dog 为现在分词充当时间状语
[句型翻译] (当你) 过马路时, 你应该小心点.
__________________________________________________
2. She found it difficult to settle…
it作形式宾语, 其句式结构为:
主语 + 谓语 + 形式宾语it + 宾补 (形容词) + 真正的宾语
3. it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face……
it (this / that) +be + the 序数词 time + that 从句…. (从句的谓语动词须用完成时态)
[句型翻译] 这是我第一次来思明.
__________________________________________________
4. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with so many clothes on 是with 的复合结构作伴随状语
with + 宾语(名词/代词)+宾补(形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词)
5. tell him / her that he/she should have studied, so you don’t let him/her look at your paper.
should have done 本应该做某事
→ 情态动词+ have done 表示对发生在过去的事情的推测, 猜测等
6. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
◇ wonder 后用if引导了一个宾语从句
◇ it’s because… that I’ve …为强调句句型It is/was + 被强调部分+that/who+其他成分
Book 1 Unit 2 English Around the World
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. more than one kind 不止一种
2. in some important ways 有一些重要方面
3. be different from 与…不同
official language 官方语言
4. at the end of 在…的尽头, 在…的末梢
by the end of … 直到…末为止,在…结束时
5. make voyages to…海路行程
6. because of 因为, 由于
7. than ever before 较之以往, 比以往…
8. native English speaker以说英语为母语的人
9. even if = even though 即使, 尽管
10. come up 走近, 上来, 提出
11. communicate with each other 互相交流
12. change over time 随着时间而改变
13. be based on 建立在, 以…为基础
14. at present 目前, 现在
15. make (full / good) use of 使用, 利用
16. a number of 许多, 大量
the number of …的数量
17. such as 例如…, 像这样
for example 例如
18. all over the world 全世界, 世界各地
19. only time will tell 只有时间来回答了
20. move towards 朝…移动
21. play a (important) part / role in
扮演一个(重要)角色, 参与
22. the same … as 和…是一样的
23. with English dialect 用英语方言
24. make a list of 列明细
25. in the way 用某种方式
26. be expected to do 被期待做某事
27. take…with 随身携带…
28. make up one’s mind 下决心, 决定
29. give in 投降, 屈服, 让步
30. keep doing sth. 持续做某事
31. keep fit 保持健康
32. build up 增强体质

句型: 1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
even if = even though = in spite of the fact 尽管, 即使
2. An English teacher is telling her students what they must do for homework.
what they must do for homework 做student的宾语补足语
3. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
Believe it or not 信不信由你 (常作插入语)
such …as… “像…这样 / 那样的”
4. …because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.
区别: because / because of
My brother is often absent from school _________________ his illness
= My brother is often absent from school _________________ he is always ill.
5. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
[句型翻译] 这部电影是根据鲁迅的小说改编的
_______________________________________________

Book 1 Unit 3 Travel Journal
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. one way free 单程票
2. round-trip fare 往返票
3. graduate from 从…毕业
4. care about 忧虑,关心
care for 照顾, 喜欢
care to do 愿意 / 同意做某事
5. give in 上交
give in (to) 投降, 屈服, 让步
give up (doing) sth 放弃
6. as usual 像往常一样
7. at midnight 午夜
8. at an altitude of 在…的海拔上
9. attitude to / toward(s) 对…态度
10. change one’s mind 改变主意
11. make camp 野营, 宿营
12. make up one’s mind to do 决心干某事
13. put up one’s tents 搭起帐篷
14. sb. be familiar with sth 某人熟悉某事
sth. be familiar to sb. 某事为某人所熟悉
15. dream of / about (doing) sth 梦想做某事
16. go for long bike rides 自行车长途旅行
17. persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
= persuade sb. into doing sth.
persuade not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事
= persuade sb. out of doing sth.
18. determine to do sth. (动作) 决心干某事
be determined to do sth. (状态)
19. get sb. interested in… 使某人对…感兴趣
20. insist on (one’s) sth / doing sth
21. the best way of doing sth.
= the best way to do sth.
做某事的最好办法
22. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
= can hardly wait to do sth.
23. for one thing… for another (用来引出理由)
一方面…另一方面
24. take one’s breath away 另某人大吃一惊

句型: 1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River.
it is/ was + 被强调的部分 + who / that……
被强调的部分是人时可以用who替换that
※ It is my parent who / that are determined to visit England next year. (强调__________)
It is England that my parents are determined to visit next year. (强调___________)
※ It was the training that he had as a young man _______ made him a good editor.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
2. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we (should) find the source of the river.
当insist, 意为”坚持做, 一定要做…”时, 跟随其后的谓语动词常用虚拟语气, 即should do. 其中should可省略.
意为”坚持说, 坚持认为”时, 其后面的从句应用陈述语气
※ The girl insisted that the man _____________(steal) her purse and that _________(take) him to the police station.
3. Once she made up her mind, nothing can change it.
Once + 状语从句,意为”一旦…就”,其引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时.
Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. prepare to do sth 准备做某事
prepare sth 准备某物
prepare sth for… 为…准备某物
2. instead of 代替
take the place of
3. a number of 许多, 大量
the number of …的数量
4. thousands of 成千上万的
(hundreds / millions / dozens / scores of )
many thousands of
tens of thousands of 数以万计的…
hundreds of thousands of 数十万计的…
thousands and thousands of 数百万计的…
5. in peace 安详地, 和平地
6. shake hands with sb. 与某人握手
7. settle down 安顿下来
8. as usual 像往常一样
9. put up 张贴
10. burst into (+n.) laughter / tears
burst out (+doing) laughing / crying
burst with anger 勃然大怒
11. be in ruins 一片废墟, 狼籍
fall into ruin 成为废墟
ruin one’s hope 使某人希望破灭
12. judge by / from 从…看来
judge sb 评价某人
13. be / in honor of 为了纪念…
be / feel honor by 对…感到荣幸
give honor to sb. 敬重某人
14. at an end 结束
in the end 最后, 结果, 终于
at the end of 在…结束时/ 末端
by the end of… 到…末尾
15. dig out 挖出, 翻找出
16. be buried in sth / doing sth 埋头于, 专心于
bury oneself in sth / doing sth.
17. fill … with…用…填充, 充满, 填满
fill in填充, 填上, 填写
be full of 充满, 充满…的
18. rescue sb. from… 把某人从…中救出
19. be trapped in / by 被…所困
20. think highly of 高度评价

句型: 1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
too…to…太…而不能… 可转换成so…that…can / could not do sth…
2. It seems as if the world was at an end!
It looks / looked as if … “看起来好像/似乎…”
It seems / seemed that + 从句 “看来, …”
[句型翻译] 看起来天要下雨了. _____________________________________________
看起来似乎他是对的. _____________________________________________
3. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.
Never否定词放句首, 句子需部分倒装
4. All hope was not lost. (all…not = not all ”并非所有…都…”, 表示部分否定)
◇ not 与both、all 、every 以及 every 的派生词连用时，表示部分否定。
如: ___________ ___________ knows this secret. 不是人人都知道这个秘密。
___________ knows this secret. 没有一个人知道这个秘密。
I don’t know ___________ (of) your names. 你们的名字我并不都知道。
I know ___________ of your names. 我不知道你们所有人的名字。
Book 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – A modern hero
Part 1 课文知识点归纳
1. lose heart 丧失信心
lose one’s heart 爱上, 喜欢上
2. worry about 担心, 担忧
be worried about (表状态)
3. be sentenced to…. 被判处…
4. be out of work = lose one’s job 失业
5. be equal to 相等的, 平等的
6. be proud of 以…而骄傲
= take pride in
7. invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite sb for / to sth
8. think highly of 高度评价….
9. give out 发出 (气味等), 分发, 耗尽
10. as a matter of fact 事实上
= in fact = actually
11. blow up 充气, 爆炸
12. beg for 乞讨
13. set up 建立,创建,设置,竖起
set off 出发, 动身
set out (to do) sth. 陈列, 摆出, 开始
14. set about (doing) sth. 着手做某事
= set out to do sth.
15. send up 发射, 使上涨
16. go up 上升, 增长, 被兴建
18. be active in 积极参加, 在…活跃
= take an active part in
17. stop sb (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
= prevent sb. (from) doing sth.
= keep sb. from doing sth.
19. die for 为…而死
die from 死于(外因: 地震, 海啸)
die of (内因: 饥饿, 疾病)
20. put sb in prison 把…送入监狱
= throw sb. into prison
= send sb. to prison
21. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
advise doing sth
advise sb on sth
advise that (should) + V原
22. fight for 为争取…而斗争
fight against 为反抗…而斗争
fight with 同…并肩作战 / 同…斗争
23. work out 算出
24. have a go = have a try 试一试
25. break the law 违反法律
26. have problems / difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
27. be willing to do sth. 乐于做某事
28. realize / achieve one’s dream of实现…梦想
one’s dream come true实现…
29. come to / into power 当权, 上台, 执政
30. turn to 变成, 转到, 求助于

句型: 1. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
Only + 状语(副词,介词短语,状语从句), 要使用部分倒装. (主倒从不倒)
[句型翻译] 只有那时, 他才意识到他错了.
___________________________________________
只有这样, 你们才能解决所有的问题
___________________________________________
2. I felt bad the first time I talked to the group.
the first time 相当于一个连词, 引导时间状语从句.
3. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep.
should have done “本应该做而未作” (含有责备的语气)
Book 2 Unit 1 Cultural Relics
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. in search of 寻找
2. be used to do 被用作
3. in...style / in the style of 以...的风格
4. decorate sth. with sth 用某物装饰某物
5. be designed for sb. / sth 打算给 / 做...用
6. belong to 属于
7. in return (for) 作为回报
8. serve as 担任、充当
9. have / get sth. done
使某事被做 / 遭遇, 经历某事
10. add sth. to sth. 把...添加到...
add to… 增加, 增添…
11. at war 处于战争状态
12. take apart 拆开
13. rather than 是...而不是...
14. think highly of 高度赞扬 / 评价
15. care about 关心, 在乎，在意
16. for oneself 亲自, 为自己
17. the entrance to ....的入口处
18. do with 处理, 处置
19. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
agree on sth 对某事达成一致意见
20. less than 少于
反义: more than 多余
21. be ready for 做好....的准备
22. a second-hand furniture shop
一家旧货家具店
23. without doubt 毫无疑问
24. the UN peace-keeping force
联合国维和部队
25. to one's surprise 使某人感到吃惊的是...
26. present sth. to sb. / present sb. with sth.
向某人陈述某事
27. in turn(s) 依次地, 轮流地
28. take notes of 记录,,记下
29. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
30. work as a guide 当导游
31. develop an interest in 培养...的兴趣
32. here and there 到处
33. the World Heritage 世界遗产
34. at the moment 正在那时, 此科
35. make speeches 发表演说
36. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
37.take photos 拍照

句型: 1. Frederick WilliamⅠ, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
◇ can't / couldn't / never have done 过去不可能发生......
2. In the 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.
◇ The way + (in which / that) + clause "按照...."
3. This was a time when the two countries were at war. "正值...的时期"
4. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Kongesberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
◇ There is no doubt that..."毫无疑问..."
5. He / she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.
◇ rather than "是...而不是..."
6. I don't agree that they should return the treasure to Russia if they find it.
Nor do I think they should give it to any government.
◇ nor 放句首使用部分倒装语序（谓语动词的一部分放在主语前面）
Book 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. compete with/against 同…竞争/比赛
compete for 争夺
compete in 参加…竞赛/比赛
2. take part in 参加
辨析: join in / join
3. stand for 代表
4. used to 过去常常, 曾经
be used to do sth 被用于做某事
= be used for doing sth.
be/ get used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
5. every four years 每四年(一次)
6. admit…to / into准许…进入/加入
admit doing 承认做某事
admit…as 录取, 接纳…为…
7. together with 和, 同…一起
8. play a (important) role /part in
在…方面起作用
9. as well也,还
as well as 除…之外(也);和
10. as a matter of fact 事实上, 其实
11. replace…with 用…替换…
= take the place of sb / sth
12. charge (sb) for sth. 为某事(向某人)收费
free of charge 免费
at one’s own charge 自费
13. in charge (of) 主管,看管, 负责
take charge of 接管, 掌管
in the charge of 在…的掌管下
14. take responsibility for 对…负责
15. win glory for… 为…赢得荣誉
16. advertise for… 登广告征求/寻找
17. marry sb. (与某人) 结婚
get married to sb 与某人结婚
(表示动作,不可与一段时间连用)
be married to sb (表示状态)
18. make a bargain with sb 与某人达成协议
19. one after another 陆续地, 一个接一个地
20. deserve to do sth.
值得做某事; 应受…(结果)
21. apart from 除…外(还有)

句型:
1. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece”
◇ what you call “Ancient Greece”在此做in的宾语, 相当于the place that / which you call …
2. every four years
◇ every + 基数词 + 复数名词 every four hours 每隔四小时
every + 序数词 + 单数可数名词 every fourth hour
every other + 单数可数名词 every other day 每隔一天 = every two days
every few + 复数名词 every few days 每隔几天
3. It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races.
◇ 强调句型: It is / was + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他
4. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!
◇ 倒装结构: 肯定 so + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语
否定 neither / nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语
区别: so / neither / nor + 主语 + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 “表示赞同” 的确如此
5. There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
◇ 同级比较结构: as much + 不可数名词 + as + 不可数名词
as many + 复数名词 + as + 复数名词
6. …the more you speak English, the better your English will become.
◇ the + 比较级…, the + 比较… “越…, 就越…”
Book 2 Unit 3 Computers
Part 1 课文知识点归纳

1. in common共同具有, 共有
have some / nothing / a lot / much / little in common with…
有些/无/有很多/许多/几乎没有共同之处
2. compare A with B 把A与B作比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
3. signal sb. to do sth 示意某人做某事
4. arise from / out of 由…引起
5. deal with 处理,对付,与…相处, 论述
6. watch over 照看, 监管
watch out (for sth) 当心, 保持警觉
7. personally, … 就个人而言
8. make preparations for sth. 为…做好准备
9. in sum 总而言之
10. from now / then (that time) on
从现在 / 那时起
11. in reality 实际上, 事实上
12. as time go by… 随着时间的流失
=over time,…
13. go by 经过;(时间流逝) = pass by
14. as a result (of) (作为)…的结果
15. connec