新编英语教程4市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

新编英语教程新编英语教程4For your promising future第1页增减或改编了部分教材，讲练结合，当堂巩固，到达知识到能力正向迁移。设计合作学习和小组讨论方式来提升学生合作学习意识和能力。第2页Unit ThreeI.Pre-reading questions第3页Religion has been playing an important role in western cultures.Do you have any idea about religious beliefs?How do you think of the religious cultures?第4页第5页第6页第7页II.Language points第8页 1.words peculiar to religious field1.words peculiar to religious field salvationthe state of having ones soul saved from sin and its salvationthe state of having ones soul saved from sin and its consequences consequences 灵魂拯救灵魂拯救 saveset free from the power of or from the eternal punishment saveset free from the power of or from the eternal punishment for sinfor sin sinbreaking of Gods laws,disobedience to Gods sinbreaking of Gods laws,disobedience to Gods commandmentscommandments revivalseries of meetings intended to produce an increase in revivalseries of meetings intended to produce an increase in interest in religion,or to stir up the religious faith among those who interest in religion,or to stir up the religious faith among those who have been indifferent,usually by preaching and confession of have been indifferent,usually by preaching and confession of sinssins（鼓动性）福音布道会（鼓动性）福音布道会 lambyoung members of church flock or Christian congregationlambyoung members of church flock or Christian congregation foldbody of believers in the Christian religionfoldbody of believers in the Christian religion第9页 2.all moans and shouts and 2.all moans and shouts and lonely lonely cries and dire pictures of cries and dire pictures of hell,hell,LonelyLonely means“having no companionship”and indicates the means“having no companionship”and indicates the“state of mind of one being or feeling alone.”“state of mind of one being or feeling alone.”LonelyLonely may also be may also be applied to places which are unfrequented or remote from human applied to places which are unfrequented or remote from human habitation.habitation.More examples:More examples:With the development of the travel business,swarms of tourists With the development of the travel business,swarms of tourists now visit the newly discovered cave in the once lonely now visit the newly discovered cave in the once lonely mountainous area.mountainous area.The retired worker is not living a lonely life since she has so much The retired worker is not living a lonely life since she has so much work to do in the neighborhood and since there is so much warmth work to do in the neighborhood and since there is so much warmth and care at home.and care at home.第10页 3.“Langston,”my aunt 3.“Langston,”my aunt sobbedsobbed.sobsobdraw in the breath sharply and irregularly from draw in the breath sharply and irregularly from sorrow or pain while crying sorrow or pain while crying 啜泣，呜咽啜泣，呜咽 More examples:More examples:“Oh,dont leave me,dont leave me!”She began to“Oh,dont leave me,dont leave me!”She began to sob passionately.sob passionately.A feeling of infinite regret came over him,as he saw A feeling of infinite regret came over him,as he saw her lying in bed sobbing like a child.She wouldnt have her lying in bed sobbing like a child.She wouldnt have failed in the experiment if he had given her timely failed in the experiment if he had given her timely support.support.第11页Cf.:And the little girls Cf.:And the little girls cried.cried.To To crycry is to express grief or pain or sorrow by is to express grief or pain or sorrow by making mournful sounds and shedding tears.making mournful sounds and shedding tears.哭哭泣泣 More examples:More examples:So he cried quite alone for a long time till he at So he cried quite alone for a long time till he at last cried himself to sleep.last cried himself to sleep.It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is no use crying over spilt milk.第12页 Cf.:Tom allowed himself to Cf.:Tom allowed himself to weepweep tears,they were tears tears,they were tears of anger.of anger.WeepWeep stresses the shedding of tears.stresses the shedding of tears.哭，流泪哭，流泪 The difference between The difference between weepweep and cry is that and cry is that cryingcrying is is audible and accompanied with tears,but to audible and accompanied with tears,but to weepweep usually refers to the silent shedding of tears.usually refers to the silent shedding of tears.More examples:More examples:She didnt weep over the death of her son who died a She didnt weep over the death of her son who died a heroic death but devoted herself to the noble work that heroic death but devoted herself to the noble work that her son had been doing.her son had been doing.Taking the boy to her breast,she rocked him in her Taking the boy to her breast,she rocked him in her arms,and wept silently over him.arms,and wept silently over him.第13页III.Free debate第14页Are you for or against the opinion that repeated rumor will make a piece of truth?第15页 IV Sentence appreciationIV Sentence appreciation Love Your LifeLove Your LifeHowever mean your life is,meet it and live it;do not shun it and call it hard names.It However mean your life is,meet it and live it;do not shun it and call it hard names.It is not so bad as you are.It looks poorest when you are richest.The fault-finder will is not so bad as you are.It looks poorest when you are richest.The fault-finder will find faults in paradise.Love your life,poor as it is.You may perhaps have some find faults in paradise.Love your life,poor as it is.You may perhaps have some pleasant,thrilling,glorious hourss,even in a poor-house.The setting sun is reflected pleasant,thrilling,glorious hourss,even in a poor-house.The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich mans abode;the from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich mans abode;the snow melts before its door as early in the spring.I do not see but a quiet mind may snow melts before its door as early in the spring.I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there,and have as cheering thoughts,as in a palace.The towns live as contentedly there,and have as cheering thoughts,as in a palace.The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.May be they are poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.May be they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving.Most think that they are above simply great enough to receive without misgiving.Most think that they are above being supported by the town;but it often happens that they are not above being supported by the town;but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means.which should be more supporting themselves by dishonest means.which should be more disreputable.Cultivate poverty like a garden herb,like sage.Do not trouble yourself disreputable.Cultivate poverty like a garden herb,like sage.Do not trouble yourself much to get new things,whether clothes or friends,Turn the old,return to much to get new things,whether clothes or friends,Turn the old,return to them.Things do not change;we change.Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.them.Things do not change;we change.Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.第16页 不论你生活怎样卑贱，你要面对它生活，不要躲避它，更别用恶言不论你生活怎样卑贱，你要面对它生活，不要躲避它，更别用恶言咒骂它。它不像你那样坏。你最富有时候，倒是看似最穷。爱找缺咒骂它。它不像你那样坏。你最富有时候，倒是看似最穷。爱找缺点人就是到天堂里也能找到缺点。你要爱你生活，尽管它贫穷。甚点人就是到天堂里也能找到缺点。你要爱你生活，尽管它贫穷。甚至在一个济贫院里，你也还有愉快、高兴、光荣时候。夕阳反射在至在一个济贫院里，你也还有愉快、高兴、光荣时候。夕阳反射在济贫院窗上，像身在富户人家窗上一样光亮；在那门前，积雪同在济贫院窗上，像身在富户人家窗上一样光亮；在那门前，积雪同在早春融化。我只看到，一个从容人，在哪里也像在皇宫中一样，生早春融化。我只看到，一个从容人，在哪里也像在皇宫中一样，生活得心满意足而富有愉快思想。城镇中穷人，我看，倒往往是过着活得心满意足而富有愉快思想。城镇中穷人，我看，倒往往是过着最独立不羁生活。可能因为他们很伟大，所以受之无愧。大多数人最独立不羁生活。可能因为他们很伟大，所以受之无愧。大多数人认为他们是超然，不靠城镇来支援他们；可是实际上他们是往往利认为他们是超然，不靠城镇来支援他们；可是实际上他们是往往利用了不正当伎俩来对付生活，他们是毫不超脱，毋宁是不体面。视用了不正当伎俩来对付生活，他们是毫不超脱，毋宁是不体面。视贫穷如园中之花而像圣人一样耕植它吧！不要找新花样，不论是新贫穷如园中之花而像圣人一样耕植它吧！不要找新花样，不论是新朋友或新衣服，来麻烦你自己。找旧，回到那里去。万物不变，是朋友或新衣服，来麻烦你自己。找旧，回到那里去。万物不变，是我们在变。你衣服能够卖掉，但要保留你思想。我们在变。你衣服能够卖掉，但要保留你思想。第17页 V.For you to understand betterV.For you to understand better 在开放当代社会，跨文化言语交际显得愈发主要，已经成为当代交际中引人注目标一个特点。交际中文化差异随在开放当代社会，跨文化言语交际显得愈发主要，已经成为当代交际中引人注目标一个特点。交际中文化差异随地可见，言语环境中文化原因受到普遍重视。下面是英汉文化中十大常见差异。地可见，言语环境中文化原因受到普遍重视。下面是英汉文化中十大常见差异。1 1回答提问回答提问回答提问回答提问 中国中国中国中国人对他人问话，总是以必定或否定对方话来确定用人对他人问话，总是以必定或否定对方话来确定用“对对”或者或者“不对不对”。如：。如：“我想你不到我想你不到2020岁，对吗？岁，对吗？”“是，我不到是，我不到2020岁。岁。”（“不，我已经不，我已经3030岁了。岁了。”）英语英语英语英语中，对他人问话，总是依据事实结果必定或否定用中，对他人问话，总是依据事实结果必定或否定用“Yes”“Yes”或者或者“No”“No”。如：。如：“Youre not a student“Youre not a student，are youare you？”“Yes“Yes，I amI am”（“No“No，I am notI am not”）2 2亲属称谓亲属称谓亲属称谓亲属称谓 英语亲属以家庭为中心，一代人为一个称谓板块，只区分男性、女性，却忽略配偶双方因性别不一样而出现英语亲属以家庭为中心，一代人为一个称谓板块，只区分男性、女性，却忽略配偶双方因性别不一样而出现称谓差异。显得男女平等。如：称谓差异。显得男女平等。如：英文英文英文英文“grandparents“grandparents，grandfathergrandfather，grandmother”grandmother”，而汉字，而汉字“祖辈、爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆祖辈、爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆”。再如，父母同辈中称谓：英文再如，父母同辈中称谓：英文“uncle”“uncle”和和“aunt”“aunt”，而汉字，而汉字“伯伯、叔叔、舅舅等，姑妈、姨妈等伯伯、叔叔、舅舅等，姑妈、姨妈等”。还有，英文中表示下辈还有，英文中表示下辈“nephew“nephew和和 niece”niece”是不分侄甥，表示同辈是不分侄甥，表示同辈“cousin”“cousin”不分堂表、性别。不分堂表、性别。3 3考虑问题主体考虑问题主体考虑问题主体考虑问题主体 中国人中国人中国人中国人喜欢以对方为中心，考虑对方情感。比如：喜欢以对方为中心，考虑对方情感。比如：你想买什么？你想买什么？您想借什么书？您想借什么书？而英语中，往往从本身角度出发。如：而英语中，往往从本身角度出发。如：Can I help youCan I help you？What can I do for youWhat can I do for you？第18页 4 4问候用语问候用语问候用语问候用语 中国人打招呼，普通都以对方处境或动向为思维出发点。如：中国人打招呼，普通都以对方处境或动向为思维出发点。如：您去哪里？您去哪里？您是上班还是下班？您是上班还是下班？而西方人往往认为这些纯属个人私事，不能随便问。所以他们见面打招呼总是说：而西方人往往认为这些纯属个人私事，不能随便问。所以他们见面打招呼总是说：Hi/HelloHi/Hello！Good morning/afternoon/evening/nightGood morning/afternoon/evening/night！How are youHow are you？Its a Its a lovelovely dayly day，isnt itisnt it？5 5面对恭维面对恭维面对恭维面对恭维 中国人传统美德是谦虚慎重，对他人恭维和称赞应是推辞。如：中国人传统美德是谦虚慎重，对他人恭维和称赞应是推辞。如：“您英语讲得真好。您英语讲得真好。”“哪里，哪里，一点也不行。哪里，哪里，一点也不行。”“菜做得很好吃。菜做得很好吃。”“过奖，过奖，做得不好，请原谅。过奖，过奖，做得不好，请原谅。”西方人从来不过分谦虚，对恭维普通表示谢意，表现出一个自强自信信念。如：西方人从来不过分谦虚，对恭维普通表示谢意，表现出一个自强自信信念。如：“You can speak very good French“You can speak very good French”“Thank you“Thank you”“Its a wonderful dish“Its a wonderful dish！”“I am glad you like it“I am glad you like it”所以，学生要注意当说英语人称赞你时，千万不要回答：所以，学生要注意当说英语人称赞你时，千万不要回答：“No“No，I dont think soI dont think so”这种回答在西方人看来是不礼貌，甚至是虚伪。这种回答在西方人看来是不礼貌，甚至是虚伪。6 6电话用语电话用语电话用语电话用语 中国人打电话时用语与平时讲话用语没有多少差异。中国人打电话时用语与平时讲话用语没有多少差异。“喂，您好。麻烦您叫一声王伟接电话。喂，您好。麻烦您叫一声王伟接电话。”“”“我是张英，请问您是谁？我是张英，请问您是谁？”英语中打电话与平时用语差异很大。如：英语中打电话与平时用语差异很大。如：“Hello“Hello，this is John speakingthis is John speaking”“Could I speak to Tom please“Could I speak to Tom please？”“Is that Mary speaking“Is that Mary speaking？”西方人一接到电话普通都先报自己号码或者工作单位名称。如：西方人一接到电话普通都先报自己号码或者工作单位名称。如：“Hello“Hello，5216476852164768，this is Jimthis is Jim”中国学生刚开始中国学生刚开始学英语学英语学英语学英语会犯这么错误：会犯这么错误：“Hello“Hello，who are you pleasewho are you please？”第19页 7 7接收礼品接收礼品接收礼品接收礼品 中国人收到礼品时，普通是放在一旁，确信客人走后，才迫不及待地拆开。受中国人收到礼品时，普通是放在一旁，确信客人走后，才迫不及待地拆开。受礼时连声说：礼时连声说：“哎呀，还送礼品干什么？哎呀，还送礼品干什么？”“真是不好意思啦。真是不好意思啦。”“下不为例。下不为例。”“让您破费了。让您破费了。”西方人收到礼品时，普通当着客人面马上打开，并连声称好：西方人收到礼品时，普通当着客人面马上打开，并连声称好：“Very beautiful“Very beautiful！WowWow！”“What a wonderful gift it is“What a wonderful gift it is！”“Thank you for your present“Thank you for your present”8 8称呼用语称呼用语称呼用语称呼用语 中国人见面时喜欢问对方年纪、收入、家庭等。而西方人很反感他人问及这些中国人见面时喜欢问对方年纪、收入、家庭等。而西方人很反感他人问及这些私事。西方人之间，如没有血缘关系，对男子统称呼私事。西方人之间，如没有血缘关系，对男子统称呼“Mr“Mr”，对未婚女士统称，对未婚女士统称“Miss”“Miss”，对已婚女士统称，对已婚女士统称“Mrs“Mrs”。中国人重视家庭、亲情，认为血浓于水。为了表示礼貌，对陌生人也要以亲属中国人重视家庭、亲情，认为血浓于水。为了表示礼貌，对陌生人也要以亲属关系称呼。如：关系称呼。如：“大爷、大娘、大叔、大婶、大哥、大姐等大爷、大娘、大叔、大婶、大哥、大姐等”。第20页 9 9体贴他人体贴他人体贴他人体贴他人 在西方，向他人提供帮助、关心、同情等方式和程度是依据接收方愿意接收程度来定；而中在西方，向他人提供帮助、关心、同情等方式和程度是依据接收方愿意接收程度来定；而中国人帮起忙来普通是热情洋溢，无微不至。比如：一位中国留学生在国人帮起忙来普通是热情洋溢，无微不至。比如：一位中国留学生在美国美国美国美国看到一位老教授蹒跚过看到一位老教授蹒跚过车水马龙马路，出于同情心，他飞步上前挽住老人，要送他过去，不过他得到却是怒目而视。请车水马龙马路，出于同情心，他飞步上前挽住老人，要送他过去，不过他得到却是怒目而视。请看下面对话：看下面对话：Chinese studentChinese student：MrMrWhiteWhite，you are so paleyou are so pale，are you sickare you sick？EnglishEnglish teacher teacher：WellWellyesyesI have got a bad cold for several daysI have got a bad cold for several days Chinese studentChinese student：WellWell，you should go to a clinic and see the doctor as soon as possibleyou should go to a clinic and see the doctor as soon as possible English teacherEnglish teacher：Er.what do you meanEr.what do you mean？中国人提议患上感冒人马上去看医生，表示真诚关心。而美国人对此不了解，会认为莫非他中国人提议患上感冒人马上去看医生，表示真诚关心。而美国人对此不了解，会认为莫非他病有如此严重吗？所以，只要回答：病有如此严重吗？所以，只要回答：“Im sorry to hear that“Im sorry to hear that”就够了。就够了。1010请客吃饭请客吃饭请客吃饭请客吃饭 中国人招待客人时，普通都准备了满桌美味佳肴，不停地劝客人享用，自己还谦虚：中国人招待客人时，普通都准备了满桌美味佳肴，不停地劝客人享用，自己还谦虚：“没什没什么菜，吃顿便饭。薄酒一杯，不成敬意。么菜，吃顿便饭。薄酒一杯，不成敬意。”行动上多以主人为客人夹菜为礼。行动上多以主人为客人夹菜为礼。西方人会对此大惑不解：明明这么多菜，却说没什么菜，这不是实事求是行为。而他们请客西方人会对此大惑不解：明明这么多菜，却说没什么菜，这不是实事求是行为。而他们请客吃饭，菜肴尤其简单，经常以数量不多蔬菜为可口上等菜，席间劝客仅仅说：吃饭，菜肴尤其简单，经常以数量不多蔬菜为可口上等菜，席间劝客仅仅说：“Help yourself to“Help yourself to some vegetablessome vegetables，pleaseplease”吃喝由客人自便自定。吃喝由客人自便自定。可见在可见在学习语言学习语言学习语言学习语言过程中，不可忽略语言交际中文化倾向，要适时导入相关文化背景知识，以过程中，不可忽略语言交际中文化倾向，要适时导入相关文化背景知识，以充实学习者知识结构，提升认知能力。充实学习者知识结构，提升认知能力。第21页