自考00015英语(二)练习题-08讲解学习.doc

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英语（二）练习8
一、阅读选择
1、
Keep Your Dream
Do you have a dream-something that you've always seen yourself doing? Perhaps you see yourself as an actor, business owner, or even a CEO. Whatever dream God has given you, don’t let it die.
A dream is a wonderful thing. It can give you hope for your future and encourage you to try when all odds are against you. But be-ware, there are dream killers that want to snuff the life out of your dream. Don't let them do it!
People who can't or don't want to see your dream fulfilled can kill your dream. They may tell you that it is impossible for you, that you are not smart enough or that it's never been done before. However, many times the biggest dream killer is you.
Don't let fear, threat, doubt, lack of finances, etc. tell you that you can't fulfill your dream．Talk back to these killers. Tell them, "I can and will fulfill my destiny, my dream.” You may have to do this every day, but that's ok. The more you instill within your heart that you can do it, your dream will be held safe within you.
It is very important to take steps towards fulfilling your dream. For me, in order to fulfill my dream of one-day owning my own magazine, I needed to go back to school and finish my college degree. For you, it may be something different. You know deep inside what the voice of your dream calls for. Don't be afraid, just do it. Try not to let too much time go by. Time is another one of those dream killers.
Meditate on the words of a song by Yolanda Adams, “Keep the dream alive, don’t let it die, it’s something deep inside, keeps inspiring me to try, don't stop and never give up, don't ever give up on you. Sometimes, life can place a stumbling block in your way, but you've got to keep the faith."
When you dream, dream BIG, and never give up. There's no law that says you have to dream small. Your dream is just that, yours. Never let anyone tell you that your dream can't happen, it can! Nurture your dream. Keep seeing yourself do what's never been done before. As you continue to feed your dream and protect it, not only will you keep it alive, but it has no other choice but to come forth!
<1> 、Which of the following statement about dream is INCORRECT? （　）
A、Dream is what happens while we're asleep.
B、Dreams should be kept alive.
C、Dreams should be protected from dream-killers.
D、Dreams are wonderful.
<2> 、In the sentence "…when all odds are against you.(Para. 2),the word "odds" means. （　）
A、laws
B、steps
C、chances
D、killers
<3> 、______can kill your dream.（　）
A、People who can't or don't want to see your dream fulfilled
B、Time
C、Fear, threat, doubt, lack of finances, etc.
D、All of the above
<4> 、Yolanda Adams is mentioned to show that. （　）
A、when we dream, we dream big
B、we should have self-confidence to keep our dream alive
C、time is another one of those dream killers
D、dream is important to all of us
<5> 、In the last paragraph, “dream BIG" means. （　）
A、doing whatever you like regardless of laws
B、dreaming of becoming a CEO
C、making your dream come true
D、doing want’s never been done before
二、概况段落大意和补全句子
1、
Transportation Infrastructure
① As has been demonstrated repeatedly, a transportation infrastructure based around individuals in automobiles contributes to global warming, pollution, health problems and energy insecurity. Conversely, the idea behind a green transportation infrastructure is one that provides opportunities for people to get around their communities using their own power-such as walking or biking-or by other more environmentally sensitive means, like trains or buses. Sometimes, the best definition of a concept can be found by describing what it is not. All one has to do to get across the idea is to highlight the experience virtually all of us have shared at some point in our life (and for millions of Americans it can be literally an everyday experience): sitting in our motionless cars on a jam-packed highway as the vehicles spew emissions and pollution into the air. Even in cases when it's difficult or impossible to remove the car from the picture entirely, there are ways to green our transportation infrastructure and improve our health and quality of life. Therefore, we have to find out some ways to improve what's already in place.
② A lot of city dwellers hold that they prefer to drive cars to work. Sure, there are plenty of reasons keeping them in the cars. Convenience is obviously one, but having to wait at a bus stop and then sit or stand on a crowded bus while cars go by is definitely another big trouble. But cities around the world are doing their best to employ the environmental benefits of bus ridership by making them more attractive to ride. One major way is by creating lanes dedicated to buses so that they can zoom past cars and trucks on roadways.
③ Fun is just one of the many benefits to cities and towns that commit to making biking easy and safe. "Cleaner, healthier, quieter and safer neighborhoods," are the results of making bikeways and lanes a. priority, says Zehner,who argues that even though American cities are more spread out than those in Europe, they are still great candidates for bikes. If Americans can embrace the concept it will make us more like the rest of the world; indeed, Zehner says the bike is the predominant mode of transport globally, with around 2 billion people using them.
④ When it was originally built in 1889 ,the Poughkeepsie-Highland Railroad Bridge in Poughkeepsie,N.Y., was all about commerce and transportation, allowing people and goods to flow easily over the Hudson River. For years, the bridge sat unused after a fire nearly destroyed it in 1974 until a group called Walkway over the Hudson began its efforts to transform the bridge into a place for the public to enjoy. The group was finally successful in its efforts when the Walkway over the Hudson State Park opened in 2009-making it the longest pedestrian bridge in the world, which has since attracted more than 1 million visitors. Pedestrian bridges provide opportunities for alternative, environmentally friendly transportation modes such as hiking and walking.
⑤ Giving people the opportunity and encouragement to get out and walk sometimes takes a little creativity, especially in hyper-urban are- as like New York City. In the city's old Meatpacking District, a group of committed citizens have transformed what was once a piece of what would now be called green irfrastructure—an elevated railway line- and transformed it into a nearly 1.5-mile walkway and park on the west side of Manhattan called the High Line. What was a transportation route for meat and other agricultural goods heading into factories and warehouses from 1934 to 1980 is now a popular park with areas for public art and urban gardens.
16．Paragraph①_______.
17．Paragraph②_______.
18．Paragraph③_______.
19． Paragraph④_______.
20．Paragraph⑤_______.
A．A little creativity is required to encourage people to walk.
B．People can use more electric vehicles instead of cars.
C．The green transportation encourages people to use human power or other environmentally friendly means.
D．Biking will do great good to the environment.
E．Bus lanes should be made to attract more bus riders.
F．Pedestrian bridges function as alternatives to biking and walking.
21．A transportation infrastructure will lead to______.
22．With the green transportation, people to get around their communities using their own power or______.
23．Difficult or impossible as it is to remove the car entirely, we have to find ways to improve ______.
24．The results of making bikeways and lanes a priority are ______.
25．Sometimes ______ can give people the opportunity and encouragement to get out and walk.
A．What’s already in place
B．global warming, pollution, health problems and energy insecurity
C．a little creativity
D．cleaner, healthier, quieter and safer neighborhoods
E．by other more environmentally sensitive means
F．the government's great support
<1> 、16．
<2> 、17．
<3> 、18．
<4> 、19．
<5> 、20．
<6> 、21．
<7> 、22．
<8> 、23．
<9> 、24．
<10> 、25．
三、填句补文
1、
Self-Esteem and Body Image
Healthy Self-Esteem
___26___ This healthy attitude allows you to explore other aspects of growing up, such as developing good friendships, growing more independent from your parents, and challenging yourself physically and mentally. ___27___
A positive, optimistic attitude can help people develop strong self-esteem. For example, saying, “Hey, I'm human” instead of "Wow, I’m such a loser" when you've made a mistake, or not blaming others when things don't go as expected.
Knowing what makes you happy and how to meet your goals can help you feel capable, strong, and in control of your life.___28___
Tips for Improving Your Body Image
Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. ___29___
The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it come in. If you're very worried about your weight or size, check with your doctor to verify that things are OK. But it's no one's business but your own what your body is like. Ultimately, you have to be happy with yourself.
___30___ Everyone (even the most perfect-seeming celeb) has things about themselves that they can't change and need to accept, like their height, for example, or their shoe size.
A．A positive attitude and a healthy lifestyle (such as exercising and eating right) are a great combination for building good self-esteem.
B．Developing these parts of yourself can help boost your self-esteem.
C．Meeting a challenge you set for yourself is a great way to boost self-esteem!
D．Next, identify which aspects of your appearance you can realistically change and which you can't.
E．If you have a positive body image, you probably like and accept yourself the way you are.
F．But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.
<1> 、26.
<2> 、26.
<3> 、28.
<4> 、29.
<5> 、30.
答案部分

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一、阅读选择
1、
<1>、
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 本题考查对整篇文章的理解，可以用排除法。第六、七段讲了坚持梦想的内容，因此选项B正确；第三至五段讲了梦想杀手的内容，因此选项C正确；第二段作者讲拥有梦想是精彩的，选项D也正确。因此排除文章没有涉及的A。
【答疑编号10344724】
<2>、
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 句意：即使当所有的机会都很渺茫，它（梦想）告诉你希望尚存，鼓励你去努力。odds, n．希望、可能性、机会。
【答疑编号10344725】
<3>、
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 作者在第三、四、五段中讲了什么是梦想杀手。第三段提到People who can't or don't want to see your dream fulfilled can kill your dream.第四段提到don't let fear,threat,doubt,lack of finances,etc, tell you that you can't fulfill your dream.第五段提到Time is another one of those dream killers.由此可知答案包含了 A、B、C 三个选项。
【答疑编号10344726】
<4>、
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 在Yolanda Adams 的歌词里，我们可以找到一些关键词和一些反复出现的词，例如keep the dream alive, don't let it die, don’t stop, never give up，keep the faith...由此可知歌词要我们坚持梦想，不要放弃。选项B符合上述内容。
【答疑编号10344727】
<5>、
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 最后一段作者讲了什么是“dream BIG”，第六句keep seeing yourself do what's never been done before.
【答疑编号10344728】
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二、概况段落大意和补全句子
1、
<1>、
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 第一段第二句是该段的主题句。后面内容都是围绕这一主题展开的解释、说明。选项C中的关键词green transportation 与第一段内容对应。
【答疑编号10344730】
<2>、
【正确答案】 E
【答案解析】 第二段最后一句为该段的主题句，选项E中的关键词 Bus lanes 与该段内容对应。
【答疑编号10344731】
<3>、
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 第三段写骑车出行的好处，中心句是开头一句 fun is just one of the many benefits to cities and towns that commit to making biking easy and safe．选项D中的关键词 Biking 与之对应。
【答疑编号10344732】
<4>、
【正确答案】 F
【答案解析】 本段介绍了人行天桥的由来，中心句是最后一句 Pedestrian bridges provide opportunities for alternative, environmentally friendly transportation modes such as biking and walking ，过街天桥为人们选择骑车或步行这样的环保方式提供了机会。选项F中的关键词Pedestrian bridges 与该段内容对应。
【答疑编号10344733】
<5>、
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 本段讲一些创造性的改造为人们提供了步行的机会，中心句为第一句 Giving people the opportunity and encouragement to get Out and walk sometimes takes a little creativity, especially in hyper-urban areas like New York City。选项A中的关键词 A little creativity 与该段内容对应。
【答疑编号10344734】
<6>、
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】 本题选取了第一段开头句的相关内容二， a transportation infrastructure based around individuals in automobiles contributes to global warming ,pollution, health problems and energy insecurity。
【答疑编号10344735】
<7>、
【正确答案】 E
【答案解析】 本题选取第一段第二句的相关内容 conversely, the idea behind a green transportation infrastructure is one that provides opportunities for people to get around their communities using their own power such as walking or biking-or by other more environmentally sensitive means, like trains or buses。
【答疑编号10344736】
<8>、
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 本题选取了第一段最后两句的相关内容 Even in cases when it is difficult or impossible to remove the car from the picture entirely, there are ways to green our transportation infrastructure and improve our health and quality of life. Therefore, we have to find Out some ways to improve what is already in place。
【答疑编号10344737】
<9>、
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 本题选取第三段中Zehner说的一句话，"Cleaner, healthier, quieter and safer neighborhoods," are the results of making bikeways and lanes a priority…。
【答疑编号10344738】
<10>、
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 本题选取第五段第一句的相关内容 Giving people the opportunity and encouragement to get Out and walk sometimes takes a little creativity…。
【答疑编号10344739】
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三、填句补文
1、
<1>、
【正确答案】 E
【答案解析】 填空处下句的 this healthy attitude 是对上句的指代，因此应填入表示 healthy attitude 相关的内容。选项E符合此意，即如果你有一个正面的身体形象，你可能喜欢和接受这样的自己。
【答疑编号10344741】
<2>、
【正确答案】 E
【答案解析】 填空处下句的 this healthy attitude 是对上句的指代，因此应填入表示 healthy attitude 相关的内容。选项E符合此意，即如果你有一个正面的身体形象，你可能喜欢和接受这样的自己。
【答疑编号10344742】
<3>、
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】 本题所在的这一段讲了积极的态度与建立自信之间的关系。选项A符合此意。
【答疑编号10344743】
<4>、
【正确答案】 F
【答案解析】 作者在这里讲了有些人对自己外在形象的看法。选项F谈论了作者对人的外表的看法，与上一句形成对照。
【答疑编号10344744】
<5>、
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】 本节是关于提升外在形象的小贴士，作者给出了两方面建议，上段用到了the first…，选项D中的 Next 提示出答案。
【答疑编号10344745】

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