仁爱英语八年级上册u1u2复习笔记复习课程.doc

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U1T1SA
1.Are you going to play basketball? （Be going to+动词原形，这一结构表示打算或准备某事。）
n 我打算今晚做家庭作业。I am going to do my homework this evening.

2.I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.
n see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”。表示看见事件、行动全过程，动作已结束。
n see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”。强调动作、动作正在进行。
如：他看见她穿过了马路。He saw her cross the road.
如：昨天这时候我看见她在跳舞。I saw her dancing at this time yesterday.
感官动词的用法
n 常见的感官动词有：see, watch, hear, smell(嗅觉), feel 等。
①后可接动词ing形式，表此动作正在发生。
②后可接动词原形，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。
n during与for 的区别
during强调时间再什么时间发生；for用于描述动作或状态延续的时间。
n 我在伦敦待了一周。I stayed in London for a week.

3.Would you like + 不定式？
（1）Would you like + 不定式？ 表建议或邀请。
常用I’d love to 来回答，不同意也常用 “I’d love to, but… ”来拒绝别人。
n Would you like to play basketball with me ?--- I’d love to, but I have a lot of homework to do.
（2）在肯定句中 would like= want 如：I’d like to have a rest. = I want to have a rest.

4.hope 用法
① hope + that从句，that 可省去。
n 我希望能很快见到你。I hope （that） I can see you soon.
② hope to do sth.希望做某事
n 我希望能很快见到你。I hope to see you soon.
wish与hope的区别
(1)wish（愿）与hope的用法一样，后既可以接从句也可以接不定式，但hope 后不接双宾语, 而 wish 可以),如：
n I hope you to help me. （错）
n I wish you to help me. （对）
n I hope that you can help me.（对）
(2)hope 后接的从句常用将来时态表可以实现的愿望，而wish 后接的宾语从句常用过去时态表难以实现的愿望，如：①I hope you will come. ②I wish I could fly to the moon.
总结wish与hope
n hope that hope to do sth.
n wish that wish to do sth. wish sb. to do sth.

5.prefer用法
(1)prefer(过去式\过去分词需双写preferred) ;表更喜欢…, 相当于like…better
①后可+动词ing形式（表经常性动作） ②后也可+动词不定式（表具体某一次动作）
①I prefer swimming （我更喜欢经常游泳） ②I prefer to swim.（我更喜欢这一次去游泳）
(2)prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 相当于：like… better than…
如：比起苹果我更喜欢香蕉。I prefer bananas to apples.
如：比起溜冰我更喜欢游泳。I prefer swimming to skating. =I like swimming better than skating.
(3) prefer to 与rather than /instead of连用，
如：He preferred to die rather than (to) steal. =He preferred to die instead of stealing.
他宁死也不去偷窃。

6.quite a bit/ a lot 许多，大量
①quite a bit of 后接不可数名词,如：quite a bit of money。
②quite a lot of 后既可接可数名词复数也可以接不可数名词,如：quite a lot of books/ information。
③quite a few=many 表“相当多”后接可数名词复数，如：quite a few students
④quite a little =much表许多，后接不可数名词，如; quite a little money
⑤very few / little 很少很少。
• few, a few, little, a little 表示“少”，
（1）few, a few是可数的(修饰可数名词） little, a little是不可数的(修饰不可数名词）
（2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味
如何理解“肯定意味”和“否定意味” ？例如同样是半杯水，口渴者会认为：There is little water in the glass. 而不口渴的人则会认为：There is a little water in the glass.

7. join, take part in和join in “参加”
①join多指加入组织，团体，党派等，有作为其中的一个成员的含义。join后也可接人，表示和某人一起参加某活动。
如：他于一九四五年参军，并在第二年入党。
He joined the army in 1945 and joined the Communist Party next year.
如：跟我们一起来，好吗？ Will you join us?
②take part in 多指参加和参与群众性的活动、运动、会议及战争,如movement, revolution, meeting, conference, conversation, war等，含有以主人翁的态度加入其中并发挥一定作用的意思。
如：在四十年代初，他参加了学生运动。 He took part in the students'movement in the early forties.
③ join in sth. / doing sth.意为“参加”，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或V-ing。而Join sb. in doing sth. 表加入某人的活动。
• 如：①He joined in the game ; ②He joined in helping the old man.
Will you join us in playing basketball ?

8.There be 句型 与Have区别
n There be 句型：表某地有某物. 而Have 表示某人有…
(1)There is/ are..表现在某地有某物，is/are取决于后面的名词是单数还是复数，单数用is复数用are。 如：①There is a pen and two rulers on the desk. ②There are two rulers and a pen…
(2) There was/were…表过去某地有某物。was/were的用法也遵循就近原则。
(3)There will be 或 There is/are going to be 表某地将有某事物。不能说成 There will have…

U1T1SB
1.play的用法
n play for 为某个队效力；
n play against 与某个队比赛；
n play with 玩某物/与某人玩； 如：Look, the baby is playing with a basketball （玩弄一个篮球)

2.What are you going to be when you grow up ?= what do you want to be …?你长大想干什么？
n 此句为be going to 表示一般将来时的特殊疑问句式。
n 结构：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 ？
grow 用法
n grow表示“种植”为及物动词 vt.; 而grow表示“生长”为不及物动词 vi.
n 我在花园里种了一些蔬菜。I grew some vegetables in the garden.
n 当我长大后，我想去深圳工作。When I grow up , I want to work in Shenzhen.

及物动词与不及物动词
n 英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。
n 1.及物动词，即vt. 及物动词后一般必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。（直接跟宾语）。
n 2.不及物动词，即vi. 不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to, of ,at后方可跟上宾语 。
n 宾语（动作的对象）：是名词或代词，或相当于名词的词或短语（如动名词）。
举例子
n (1)see (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.
n (2)look (vi.) (即不能直接加宾语).
Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词，不是名词，故不作宾语)
n (3)look at +宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词，作宾语了)

3.one of 表示“… 当中的一个”，后接可数名词的复数，如：one of my friends
作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
n 我一个最好的朋友住在北京。One of my friends lives in Beijing.

4.break “打破，弄坏”
n 过去式----broke 过去分词---- broken
n break the record 打破纪录 keep the record 保持纪录
record的用法
n.名词。【‘rekɔ:d】 【 ’rekəd 】记录,记载,唱片
She holds the world record for long distance swimming.
adj.形容词。空前的,创纪录的
The project was completed in record time. 工程在从未有过的短时间内完成了。
v. 动词【ri'kɔ:d】 记录, 显示, (将声音等)录下
I recorded the score in a notebook. 我在笔记本上记下了分数。
The broadcast was recorded, not live. 这次广播是事先录音的，不是现场直播。

5.win
n win a gold medal赢得一枚金牌; win a prize 赢得奖品; win the first place 赢得第一名

6.感叹句 What a shame != What a pity 多么遗憾！类似的有：What fun ! 多么有趣！

7.women table tennis players
n 名词作定语修饰名词时，一般用单数形式，如：two book shops, two shoe shops, 但man，woman，sports修饰可数名词复数时，常用复数形式，如：two men teachers; sports meet

8.how构成的疑问词
how tall(身高)多高; how high(山)多高；how heavy多重；how long 多长；How wide 多宽；
how deep 多深；how old 多大…
• 对应的回答常用“数词+量词+形容词”
如：1.70 meters tall; 2 kilometers high; 3 kilos heavy; 20 years old

U1T1SC
1.the 2004 Athens Olympics 2004年雅典奥运会 the Olympics =the Olympic Games

2.once a week, 一周一次 twice a week 一周两次,
三次或三次以上用“数字+times”如：three times a year, four times a day, five times a week,…..

3.go + v-ing形式的短语表“去做某事”如：go hiking 去徒步旅行，go shopping去购物，
go skating 去滑冰，go skiing 去滑雪, go fishing 去钓鱼。

4.She spends half an hour doing exercise. spend 的主语通常是人，一般句型为：
①（sb.） spend some money / time on sth.
②（sb.） spend some money / time (in ) doing sth.
如：我花50元买了这件大衣。I spent fifty yuan on the coat. / I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat.
spend, take, cost, pay 表“花费”
我们可以将其异同从以下四个方面进行分析 ：一：主语；二：内容；三：搭配；四：过去式
其一：主语
主语为“人”的是spend和pay；主语为“物”的是take和cost。其中，take的主语常常是it。
其二：内容
花“时间”的是spend和take；花“钱”的是spend, cost和pay。
其三：搭配
①spend后面的介词是on，若跟动词则用(in) doing，前面的in常常省略。
sb.+spend+ some time/money+(in) doing sth 某人花了……时间/钱做某事
sb. +spend +some time / money + on sth 某人在……上面花了……时间/钱
如：我做这项工作用了3天。
He spent three days on the work.= He spent three days (in) doing the work.
②take后面的动词形式为to do；句型为：it + takes + sb. +some time+ to do sth.
某人做某事花了……时间
如：我每天步行上学花费我半个小时。 It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day.
③cost后面跟双宾语，或直接跟钱的数目；
sth. + cost + sb. + some + money 某物花了某人……钱 The ticket costs me 300 yuan.
sth. + cost + some + money 某物值……钱 This bag costs 50 yuan.
④pay后面常跟介词for ;
sb .+ pay +money + for sth. 某人花了……钱买某物
sb. + pay for sth. 某人为……付钱/赔钱
如：我花50元买了这件大衣。I paid 50 yuan for the coat.
如：这些书我现在不能付款。 I can't pay for the books now.
其四：过去式
四个动词过去式都不规则
• 动词
• spend
• take
• cost
• pay
• 主语
• 人
• it / 事情
• 物
• 人
• 花/值
• 钱/时间
• 时间
• 钱
• 钱
• 过去式
• spent
• took
• cost
• paid

5.doing exercise in the gym every day.
当exercise指“体操、练习”时，可数名词，如：do morning exercises 做早操；
exercise指“锻炼，运动”时，不可数名词，如：do exercise 做运动。
exercise 还可作动词，指“锻炼，运动”。如：She exercises every morning.
6.She plays it pretty well.
pretty well= very well相当好 pretty 在这里是副词，与形容词或副词连用，表“颇，相当”。
如：Lucy looks pretty tired.
pretty 也能做形容词，表“漂亮的”尤指年轻女性。如：You look so pretty in this dress.

7.She is also good at jumping.
be good at…= do well in…擅长… 如：I am good at English.= I do well in English.
反义词为：be bad at= do badly in 不擅长….
be good for… 对…有益，Running is good for your health.
反义词为：be bad for 对… 有害
be good/bad to sb. 对某人好/不好

8.There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
there be 句型用在将来时中,其结构为:there is /are going to be …或there will be …如:
这周末将会有一场足球赛。There is going to be a soccer game this weekend.

9.They are sure that she will win.
①be sure +(that)从句，表“确信…” 如：I’m sure (that) eating too much is bad for you.
②be sure to do sth.确信做某事We are sure to win next time.
③be sure of/about (doing)sth. 表确信(做)某事

10.How often does she go cycling ?
– How often问多久一次，频率。常用sometimes, seldom, twice a year等回答。
How long 问多久。常用“ （For ）一段时间” 来回答
How soon 问多快（时间）用于将来时态。常用“In an hour 在一小时内等” 来回答。
如：How soon will you come back? -----In a week.
与how搭配的疑问词有：
① How many 多少（接可数名词复数形式） ②How much 多少（接不可数名词）
③How old 问年龄 ④How tall 多高（人、树）
⑤How high 多高（山、楼） ⑥How far 问距离 ⑦ How long 还可以问物体的长度
（1） is it from your home to your school？ ------It’s two kilometers away.
(2) is the room？------ It’s two meters wide.
(3) is the tree？ -------It’s three meters high.

11. Because it makes me strong and it is popular all over the world.
（1）make, let , have 当表“使，让”时是使役动词，后接动词原形。如：make me cry.
make 后接形容词（make/keep +sb. /sth.+adj. “某人/某物保持~”） 如:make me strong.
make 后接名词 如：make him our monitor .
(2) be /become popular (with sb.)受欢迎的
周杰伦很受年轻人欢迎。Jay Chou is very popular with young people.
(3) a good way to keep fit way指“ 方法,途径”;
way还可以指“道路,路线”; the way to +地点 表“通向某地的路”。
• 你能告诉我去中山公园的路吗? Can you tell me the way to the Zhongshan Park?
12.keep healthy = keep fit 保持健康 healthy=fit都是形容词 health 是名词

U1T1SD
1.表示“到达”
①arrive at + (小地名)； arrive in +（大地名）
• He arrived at the bus station early this morning.
• He arrived in HK yesterday.
② get to ③ reach
• 注意：arrive或get 后接地方副词，后面没有介词。如：I arrived/ got home very late last night.

2.excited 与exciting 的区别
（1）excited 表“感到激动的、兴奋的”，常作表语，主语常为人。如：We are excited.
类似的有：interested有趣的; tired感到疲劳的; bored感到厌烦的
（2）exciting 表“令人激动兴奋的”既可作定语，也可作表语；作表语时，主语常为事物。
如：①an interesting book; ②The book is interesting.
类似的有：interesting令人有趣的; tiring令人感到疲劳的; boring令人感到厌烦的

3.It’s too bad that they aren’t going to stay in Beijing for long.
• 主语是斜体that从句部分，前用it 来代替它。因此这是一个含主语从句的复合句。
It’s too bad that…= It’s a pity that…= It’s a shame that…很遗憾…
表示“位置移动”的词 ：go，come，leave, arrive, fly 可用现在进行时态表将来。
如：They are flying to Wuhan tomorrow. (表将飞往武汉而不是正去武汉)
4.They are leaving for Japan.= They will leave for Japan.
leave 与 leave for
• Leave指离开某地；如：I am leaving Guangzhou next month.
• Leave for 指（从此地离开）去某地。For接地点名词，指要去的地方。
• 我明天将（离开这里）去北京。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
• Leave …for…表示 “离开某地去某地”。I am leaving Beijing for Shanghai. 我将离开北京去上海。

U1T2SA
1.Could表示委婉地请求对方做某事。
• Could you please = Would you please意为“请你…好吗？”后接动词原形。
• 否定式：could you please not do sth. ? 如： Could you please not stand at the door?

2.do sb. a favor 是正式的请求, =help sb.或give sb. a hand. “帮某人的忙”

3.But one of my teammates fell ill.
(1)One of +可数名词复数，表“….. 中之一”当它作主语时，是单数第三人称。如：
• One of my friends likes playing computer games
• 类似的短语有：some of …中的一些 most of…中的大多数;
(2) fall ill “生病”（强调动作，由健康到生病）；fall的过去式：fell
• be ill “病了”（强调状态） feel ill “感觉不舒服”（强调身体感受）
• 工作不要太辛苦了，否则你会生病。Don’t work too hard, or you will fall ill.
• 她正病着。She is ill now.
• 你现在觉得不舒服吗？Are you feeling ill?

4.Would you mind (not)doing sth. 你介意(别)做某事吗？
Would you mind not throwing bottles around?(在此为副词,意为"四处,到处“)
• 回答去做的有：Not at all / Of course not / Certainly not
• 回答不去做的有:Sorry，I won’t . / Yes, please don’t./ You’d better not.
mind 的用法
（1）mind + 名词/代词 + 动名词(常用物主代词 my, her, his, our 等，少用代词宾格me, he, us )
如：Do you mind my brothers coming with us?
如：Would you mind my/me smoking?
（2） Would /Do you mind doing sth. = Would /Do you mind + if 从句
如： 你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？
Would /Do you mind my smoking here?= Would /Do you mind if I smoke here?

5.Let’s go and practice. (practice美式英语； practise 英式英语)
• practice+名词/动词ing，表练习/做…如：①We often practice English. ②Let’s practice dancing.

6.Sorry, I’ll put it somewhere else.
somewhere else 别的某个地方 somewhere 是不定副词，else 是形容词。形容词修饰不定副词、不定代词时，常放在其后。
如：something sweet甜食； Anything else ？还有别的吗？ Nothing serious 不严重

7.否定祈使句
• Don’t be late next time. --- Sorry, I won’t
• ①be late 迟到，如：You are late again.
• ②be late for…做…迟到 如:He was late for school.
• 回答否定祈使句常用：Sorry，I won’t. 如：Don’t shout at me ! ---- Sorry, I won’t.
• 回答肯定祈使句常用：OK，I will. 如：Please study hard. ---- OK, I will.

8.I’ll play it more quietly. (more quietly是 quietly的比较级)
• 类似的有：more beautifully 更美地; more carefully 更小心地，更认真地; more heavily更重地

9.That’s very kind of you.
• It is＋形容词＋of sb.to do sth.
of的形容词用来描述某人的，可转换成： Sb.＋be＋形容词＋to do sth.
• It is right of you to do more reading. = You are right to do more reading. (right 用来描述you )
• It is＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.
for的形容词用来描述做某事的，可转换成：To do sth. is＋形容词。如：
• It is easy for you to finish the work.. = To finish the work is easy for you.

10.I can manage it myself
• manage 作“管理，处理”时，manage sb./sth. 如：She managed the hotel well.
• manage to do sth.设法做成某事（结果能成功）
• try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 （结果未必能成功）
I managed to get to the airport.我设法赶到机场。（赶到了）
I tried to get to the airport.我想尽赶到机场。（但未能如愿）

U1T2SB
1.You missed a good chance.（错过一个好机会）
miss意为”思念，错过” 如：①I miss my mother very much. ②She missed the early bus.
chance “机会” by chance “偶然地”
如：我碰巧在街上遇到她。I met her on the street by chance.

2.What do you mean by saying that?
What do you mean by…?=What does …mean?=What’s the meaning of …?“……是什么意思？”
如：这个单词是什么意思？What do you mean by this word?

3.You shouldn’t shout at me. shout at sb. 冲某人（生气地）喊叫
• Be angry with sb. 生某人的气 ； Be angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气
• Be angry with sb. for doing sth.
• 如：李老师因他上学迟到而生气。Miss Lee was angry with him for coming late to school.

4.He did his best .他尽力了。
1) do one’s best=try one’s best 尽某人最大努力
2)do one’s best to do sth.=try one’s best to do sth. 某人尽力去干某事
We will do/try our best to study English well.

5. say hello/sorry/thanks/goodbye to sb.向某人问候/道歉/道谢/道别

6.I am very sorry for what I said.
for 后面的what I said（我所说的）是一个宾语从句。类似的有：what I saw (我所见的)，what I thought about(我所考虑的)
• be sorry for sth. 为某事抱歉。（后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词 ）
• Be sorry to do sth. 抱歉去做某事。
I’m sorry for troubling you.= I’m sorry to trouble you.

7.Keep trying！
• Keep doing sth. 坚持做某事；
• keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直干某事；
如：你不应该让我等那么久。You shouldn't keep me waiting so long.
• keep on doing sth. = go on doing sth. 继续做某事

8.We are sure to win next time.
• ①be sure to do sth. 肯定要做某事（表将来）如：肯定要下雨。it's sure to rain.
• ②be sure +(that)从句 如： We are sure that they will win next time.
• ③be sure about/of sth. 对某事确信
• 如：我对这个答案有把握。I'm sure about/of the answer.
• be sure to do sth. 与be sure +(that)从句都表示“确信…”
• 如果sure后面的主语和前面的主语是一致用be sure to do sth.
• 如果sure后面的主语和前面的主语是不一致用be sure +(that)从句。
• We are sure to win next time. We are sure that they will win next time.

9.have a fight (with )sb.（和某人）打了一架 ；此处fight为名词“打架”
=fight with sb. 与…打架； 此处fight为动词“打架” 其过去式为fought
如:He had a fight with a boy.= He fought with a boy