幼儿园纲要学习心得体会培训课件.doc

此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除
ѧϰÓ׶ùÔ°¸ÙÒªÐĵÃÌå»á
ÑàºÓÓªÕò¶«ÎâׯСѧ ÕÅÓñÓ¢
¡¶Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓý¸ÙÒª¡·ÊÇÒ»±¾Ö¸µ¼ÎÒ¹¤×÷µÄ½Ì¿ÆÊ飬ҲÊÇÖ¸ÒýÎÒÃÇ×ߺÃÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÀ·µÄ·½ÏòÅÌ¡£
Ê×ÏÈ£¬Ðµġ¶¸ÙÒª¡·×ÜÔòÖеĵÚÎåÌõËùÌáµ½µÄ×ðÖØÓ׶ùÈ˸ñºÍÈ«Àû£¬ÉíÐĵķ¢Õ¹¡­¡­±£½Ì²¢ÖØ£¬¹ØÐĸö±ð²îÒ죬´Ù½ø¸öÐԵķ¢Õ¹£¬ÌåÏÖÁ˽ÌÓýµÄ·½·¨ÊǶàÖÖ¶àÑùµÄ£¬¶Ô´ýÓ׶ùÊǿ͹۵ġ£¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÖÐÖƶ¨ÁËÎå´óÁìÓòµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬Ä¿±êÊÇΪ½ÌÓý¹¤×÷ÕßÌṩµÄÖ¸µ¼Ë¼Ï룬²¢Æô·¢½ÌʦÕýȷʵʩ¡£
С¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÖÐÌá³öµÄ½ÌÓýÆÀ¼Û²¿·ÝÓë¾É¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·Ïà±È£¬Ð¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄÄÚÈݸü·´Ó³³ö½ÌʦµÄÖ÷¶¯ÐÔ£¬¶Ô½ÌʦµÄ½ÌÓýÆÀ¼ÛÒªÇó¸ü¸ßÁË¡£ÆäÖÐС¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄ½ÌÓýÆÀ¼ÛµÄµÚËÄÌõÌá³ö Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓý¹¤×÷ʵÐÐÒÔ½Ìʦ×ÔÆÀΪÖ÷£¬Ô°³¤ÒÔ¼°ÓйعÜÀíÈËÔ±£¬ÆäËû½ÌʦºÍ¼Ò³¤µÈµÈÓëÆÀ¼ÛµÄÖƶȡ£·´Ó³ÁË£¬ÆÀ¼Û²»ÔÙÊÇÓ׶ùÔ°µÄÊÂÁË£¬¶øÊǼÒÔ°Ë«·½µÄÊ¡£ÆäÖÐÖ¸³ö£º¶ÔÓ׶ù·¢Õ¹×´¿öµÄÆÀ¹À£¬Òª±ÜÃâÓû®Ò»µÄ±ê×¼ÆÀ¼Û²»Í¬µÄÓ׶ù£¬ÔÚÓ׶ùÃæÉ÷ÓúáÏòµÄ±È½Ï£¬ÕâÌáʾµÃºÜºÃ£¬ÔÚ½ÌʦµÄʵ¼ÊµÄ¹¤×÷ÖУ¬ÍùÍùÄÜÓöµ½ÏàËƵÄÎÊÌ⣬ÀýÈ磺ÔÚÒ»¸öÊýѧ»î¶¯ÖУ¬ÓÐЩº¢×ÓÄÜ¿ì¶ø×¼µØ»Ø´ðÎÊÌ⣬µ«ÓÐЩº¢×ÓÈ´´ð²»ÉÏ£¬½ÌʦºÜ¿ÉÄܵÚÒ»¸ö·´Ó¦ÊÇ£ºÄãÔõôÕâÑù±¿£¬Ë­Ë­Ë­±ÈÄãÇ¿¶àÁË£¡Õâ¾ÍÎ¥±³ÁË¡ª¡ªÓÿ͹۵ÄÑ۹⿴ÎÊÌâÁË£¬·²ÊÇÒªÒÔ·¢Õ¹µÄÑ۹⿴´ýÓ׶ù£¬¼ÈÒªÁ˽âËûÏÖÓÐˮƽ£¬¸üÒª¹Ø×¢Æä·¢Õ¹µÄËٶȣ¬ÒÔ×ÝÏòµÄ·½Ê½¿´´ýÓ׶ùµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£
ÔÚ½ÌÓý»î¶¯µÄʵʩÖУ¬×î¹Ø¼üµÄÒªËØÊÇÈË£¬½ÌʦÊǽÌÓýº¢×ӵĹØ
¼ü£¬Òò´Ë£º×÷Ϊ½Ìʦ¸üÓ¦¸ÃÉîÈëѧϰ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÄÚÈÝ£¬¹Û²ìÁ˽âÓ׶ù£¬×ß½øÓ׶ùµÄÄÚÐÄÊÀ½ç¡£
×îºó£¬ÎÒÈÏΪ½ÌÊéÓýÈ˹ؼüµÄÊǽÌʦµÄËØÖÊ£¬Ó׶ù½ÌÓý¹¤×÷Õß±ØÐë¾ßÓÐÏÖ´ú»¯µÄÓ׶ù½ÌÓý¹Û£¬ËùÒÔ£¬ÎÒ¸üÓ¦Ìá¸ß×Ô¼ºµÄÒµÎñˮƽ£¬Í¨¹ý¸÷ÖÖ½ÌÓý»î¶¯µÄ¹ÛĦ£¬ÆÀ¼Û×Ô¼º»òËûÈ˵ĽÌÓýÐÐΪ£¬Ï໥½»Á÷£¬È¡³¤²¹¶Ì£¬Ìá¸ß½ÌÓýÖÊÁ¿£¬´Ù½øÓ׶ù·¢Õ¹
ÔÚÓ׶ùÔ°¹¤×÷Ò»ÄêÁ˶࣬һֱÒÔÀ´¾õµÃ×Ô¼ºÔڽ̺¢×Ó·½ÃæҲͦµÃÐÄÓ¦Êֵģ¬ÔÚʵ¼ùÖÐÒ²»ýÀÛÁËÒ»µã¾­Ñ飬µ«ÀíÂÛµÄÖ§³ÅµãÔÚÄÄ£¿ÎÒÐÄÀïÒ»Ö±»¹ÊÇͦãȻµÄ¡£ÓÉÓÚ±¾Ñ§ÆÚÓ׶ùÔ°Òª½øÐеȼ¶ÆÀ¹À£¬ÔÚ½ÌÑлÖУ¬×éÖ¯ÀÏʦÈÏÕæѧϰ¡¶Ó׶ùÔ°Ö¸µ¼¸ÙÒª¡·£¬Ñ§Ï°ºó£¬ÎÒ¾õµÃ×Ô¼ºÔÚÈÏʶÉÏÓÐÁ˺ܴóµÄ¸Ä¹Û¡£¸ÙÒªµÄÀíÂÛ֪ʶÊÇƽʱ½ÌÓý½Ìѧ»î¶¯Ä¿±êÖƶ¨¡¢ÄÚÈÝÑ¡ÔñµÈµÄÖ§³Åµã£¬Ñ§Ï°¸ÙҪ֪ʶ£¬ÄÜʹ×Ô¼º×öµ½ÐÄÖÐÓÐÊý£¬²»ÔÙÃÔ㣬¶ÔÓÚ½ÌÓýËù×ñÑ­µÄ·¢Õ¹·½Ïò£¬ËùÒªÖƶ¨µÄ½ÌÓýÄ¿±êµÈ¶¼ÓоݿÉÒÀ¡£ÎÒ¾õµÃÓ׶ùÔ°¸ÙÒªÕâ±¾ÊéÊÇнÌʦ£¬Ò²ÊÇÀϽÌʦ£¬ÔÚÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýº£ÑóÖеĽÌÓýÀíÂÛµ¼Ê¦£¬ÎªÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓý¹¤×÷ÕßÖ¸ÒýÁË·½Ïò¡£
ÔÚ¸ÙÒªÖÐÃ÷È·Ö¸³ö£¬Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÊÇ»ù´¡½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬ÊÇÎÒ¹úѧУ½ÌÓýºÍÖÕÉí½ÌÓýµÄµì»ù½×¶Î£¬ÊÇΪÓ׶ùÒ»ÉúµÄ·¢Õ¹´òºÃ»ù´¡µÄ½ÌÓý¡£Õâ²»½öΪÓ׶ù½ÌÓýÃ÷È·Á˸ù±¾½ÌÓýÄ¿µÄºÍ¸ù±¾ÈÎÎñ¡£Ò²ËµÃ÷ÁËÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£¶ÔÓ׶ùµÄÒ»Éú·¢Õ¹Æð×ÅÖÁ¹ØÖØÒªµÄÓ°Ïì¡£ÎÒÔ°Ó׶ùµÄѧϰ»î¶¯ÕýºÃÊÇÒÔÖ÷Ìâ»î¶¯µÄÐÎʽ³ÊÏÖ³öÀ´µÄ£¬ÕâÓÐÀûÓÚ½Ìʦ¸üºÃµØ°ÑÎÕ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÖÐËùÌá³öµÄÕûºÍÐÔ¡¢¿ª·ÅÐÔºÍÆôÃÉÐÔµÄÖ¸µ¼Ë¼Ïë¡£»ØÒä¹ýÈ¥ÒÔѧ¿Æʽ½ÌѧΪÖ÷ÒªÐÎʽµÄѧϰ»î¶¯£¬ÎÒÃǽñÌìËù¿ªÕ¹µÄÖ÷
Ìâ»î¶¯½ÏÒÔÍùÓÐÁ˸ù±¾ÐԵĸı䡣ÏÖÔÚµÄÕâÖֻÐÎʽ¸üÄÜÌåÏÖ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄ¾«Éñ¡£ÔÚÖ÷Ìâ»î¶¯µÄ¿ªÕ¹¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇΪº¢×ÓµÄÇ×Éíʵ¼ù´´ÉèÁË´óÁ¿µÄ»ú»á£¬±äÒÔÍù±»¶¯µÄ֪ʶ½ÓÊÜ£¬ÎªÈç½ñÖ÷¶¯µÄ²Ù×÷¡¢Ì½Ë÷ºÍѧϰ£¬·ûºÏÁËС¶¸ÙÒª¡·Ìá³öµÄ¼¤·¢º¢×ÓÖ÷¶¯Ì½ÇóÐÂÖªµÄÒªÇ󡣸ÙÒªÖл¹Ö¸³öÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÊÇÈ«ÃæµÄ¡¢ÆôÃɵģ¬Îå´óÁìÓòµÄÄÚÈÝÒªÏ໥Éø͸¡£ÒªÒÔÓÎϷΪ»ù±¾»î¶¯£¬±£½Ì²¢ÖØ£¬À´¿ªÕ¹Ó׶ù½ÌÓý¹¤×÷¡£×÷Ϊ½Ìʦ£¬ÎÒÃÇÒªºÜºÃµÄ°ÑÎÕ½ÌÓý½Ìѧ·½Ïò¡¢Ä¿±ê¡¢ÄÚÈÝ£¬×öµ½´Ó²»Í¬½Ç¶È´Ù½øÓ׶ùÇé¸Ð¡¢Ì¬¶È¡¢ÄÜÁ¦¡¢ÖªÊ¶¡¢¼¼Äܵȷ¢ÃæÈ«Ãæ·¢Õ¹£¬¾ÍÓ¦¸ÃÉîÈëѧϰÓ׶ùÔ°¸ÙÒª£¬ÔÚ²»¶ÏµÄѧϰÖÐÌá¸ß×ÔÉíËØÖÊ£¬ÔÚ²»¶ÏѧϰÖн¨Á¢ÏÖ´ú»¯½ÌÓý¹ÛÄÔÚ²»¶ÏѧϰÖ⻶Ïѧ»á´´Ð£¬ÔÚ²»¶ÏѧϰÖÐÌá¸ßÒµÎñˮƽ£¬ÔÚ²»¶ÏѧϰÖÐÌá¸ß×Ô¼ºµÄ½ÌÑÐÄÜÁ¦£¬ÎªÓ׶ù¸üÄܸ»ÓиöÐԵķ¢Õ¹¶øŬÁ¦£¡Æª¶þ£ºÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙҪѧϰÐĵÃ
Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙҪѧϰÐĵÃ
ͨ¹ýÕâ¶Îʱ¼äС¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄѧϰ£¬ÎÒ¶Ôѧϰ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÓÐÁËһЩÐĵÃÌå»á£¬ÌØÏòÔ°Áìµ¼»ã±¨ÈçÏ£º
С¶¸ÙÒª¡·³«µ¼¶ÔÓ׶ùÉíÐÄ·¢Õ¹¹æÂɵÄ×ðÖØ,¶Ô½ÌÓý¹æÂɵÄ×ðÖØ.ÔÚ½ÌÓýÄÚÈݺÍÒªÇóÖв»ÔÙ°Ñ֪ʶÁÐΪһ´ó¶Ñ¾²Ì¬µÄ,ÍÑÀëÓ׶ùʵ¼ÊµÄ,½ö½öÒªËûÃǼÇסµÄ¶«Î÷,¶øÊÇ֪ʶΪ¶¯Ì¬±ä»¯µÄ,Ó׶ùÖ÷¶¯½¨¹¹µÄ¹ý³Ì.Ç¿µ÷Ó׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÉú»î»¯¡¢ÓÎÏ·»¯,»Ø¹éÓ׶ùÉú»î.Òò´Ë,ÒÔиÙҪΪ׼Ôò¶Å¾øäĿǿµ÷֪ʶ¼¼ÄܵÄÕÆÎÕ¶ø²»¹ËÓ׶ùÉíÐÄÊÇ·ñ¿ìÀÖ,Ó׶ùÊÇ·ñÐèÒªµÈ.ÌåÏÖÁËÒÔÈËΪ±¾µÄ½ÌÓýÔ­Ôò.
¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÌرðÇ¿µ÷ÁË»·¾³½ÌÓý,Ç¿µ÷ÁË»·¾³ÔÚ´Ù½øÓ׶ù·¢Õ¹¹ý³ÌÖеÄÖØÒª×÷ÓÃ.Éç»áÉú̬ϵͳÀíÂÛ˵Ã÷:¶ùͯÊÇÉç»áÉú̬»·¾³ÖеÄÒ»·Ý×Ó,°®Ö÷¶¯Ì½Ë÷»·¾³£¬¶ø·Ç±»¶¯µÄѧϰÕß.±ÈÈç,¸øÓ׶ùÌṩ·á¸»µÄÓÎÏ·»î¶¯²ÄÁÏ,Õâ¼ÈÒª·ûºÏÓ׶ùÄêÁäÌصã,ÓÖÒªÊʺÏÓ׶ùµÄ¸öÌ巢չˮƽ.²ã´Î²»Í¬,ÄÑÒ׳̶ÈÒ²²»Í¬,´Ó¶øÈÃÿ¸öÓ׶ùÔڻÖеõ½²»Í¬·¢Õ¹.ͬʱ,Òª³ä·ÖÍÚ¾ò×ã¹»µÄ¿Õ¼ä,²¢´´ÉèÀûÓúÃÿ¸ö»·¾³,À©´óÓ׶ù»î¶¯µÄ·¶Î§,ʹÆäÓëÖÜΧ֮¼ä²úÉú»ý¼«µÄ½»»¥×÷ÓÃ.²¢ÇÒ ¶àºÍº¢×ÓÁÄÌì,»¹ÄÜÓÐЧµØÑ¡Ôñ½ÌÓý·½·¨,×ðÖظö±ð²îÒì,Òò²ÄÊ©½Ì.È红×ÓÃÇÍæÆ´Æ´¼ô¼ôµÄÓÎϷʱ,ÎÒÒòΪÊÂÏȺͺ¢×ÓÃǵÄÁÄÌì,µÃÖªÓеĺ¢×Ó»¹²»»áʹÓüôµ¶,¶øÒ²Óеĺ¢×Ó»á¼ôºÃ¿´µÄͼÐÎÀ².ÎÒ±ãÔÚ³õ´ÎµÄ»î¶¯Öиø´ó¼Ò°²ÅÅÁ˲»Í¬²ã´ÎµÄ¶¯ÊÖ²Ù×÷,ÏÈÕÛºÃÔÙ¼ô,ÊìÁ·Ö®ºóÔÚÓÐdzµ½Éî,º¢×ÓÃÇ
×ÔÓɲÙ×÷,ÆäÀÖÎÞÇî°¡.¶àºÍº¢×ÓÁÄÌì,ÄÜÔö½øÎÒÃÇʦÉú¼äµÄ¸ÐÇé.ÒòΪÁÄÌì,ÎÒÖªµÀÁ˺¢×ÓÃǵÄÐËȤ°®ºÃ¡¢Ï²Å­°§ÀÖ,Ò²ÖªµÀÁËÓеĺ¢×Ó°®ÊܱíÑï,Óеĺ¢×ÓÐèÒª¶à¹ÄÀø,Óеĺ¢×Ó°¤²»µÃÅúÆÀµÈ,ÎÒÒ²Á˽âÁËÓеĺ¢×ÓÔÚ¼ÒÔÚÔ°¶¼ÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ»îÆúö¯,¸üÇå³þÁËÄĸöº¢×Ó²»ÉÆÑÔ´Ç¡¢ÅÂÐߵȵÈ,ÕâÑùÀÏʦÔÚ½ÌÓý½ÌѧµÄ»î¶¯ÖпÉÒÔ¸ü½²¾¿·½·¨,ºÇ»¤º¢×ÓµÄ×Ô×ðÐÄ.
Ó׶ùµÄѧϰÊÇÒ»¸öÖ÷¶¯½¨¹¹µÄ¹ý³Ì,ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö½Ìʦ²»¿ÉÄÜÌæ´úµ«ÄÜÊ©¼ÓÇ¿ÓÐÁ¦Ó°ÏìµÄ¹ý³Ì.ΪÓÐЧµØ´Ù½ø¶ùͯµÄ·¢Õ¹,¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÖÐÒªÇó½ÌʦӦ³ÉΪÓ׶ùѧϰ»î¶¯µÄÖ§³ÖÕß¡¢ºÏ×÷Õß¡¢Òýµ¼Õß.½ÌʦµÄÖ§³ÖÊǶùͯ·¢Õ¹µÄ×îÖØÒªÌõ¼þÖ®Ò».ҪʹÓ׶ù³ÉΪÖ÷¶¯µÄѧϰÕß,Ó׶ùµÄÐËȤºÍÐèÇó±ØÐëµÃµ½×ã¹»µÄ×ðÖØ.Ò»·½ÃæÒªÉÆÓÚ½«Ó׶ùµÄÐËȤºÍÐèÇó×÷Ϊ½ÌÓýµÄÉú³¤µã,Ö§³ÖºÍ´Ù½øÓ׶ùµÄѧϰ»î¶¯;ÁíÒ»·½ÃæÒª¾¡¿ÉÄÜ°ÑÆÚÍûÓ׶ùѧϰµÄÄÚÈÝת»¯ÎªÓ׶ùµÄÐËȤºÍÐèÇó,ÓÉ´ËÒýÆð²¢Òýµ¼Ó׶ùµÄѧϰ»î¶¯.
×÷ΪһÃû½Ìʦ²»½öҪѧϰ¸ÙÒªµÄÐÂ˼Ïë,ÐÂÀíÄî,д´Éè,¶øÇÒ¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇҪѧ»á°®º¢×Ó,Èð®Ê¼ÖչᴩÆäÖÐ, Òª¶®µÃÔÚ°®ÖÐʹ½ÌÓý½øÒ»²½µÃµ½Éý»ª.
ºþ¹âÖÐÐÄÓ׶ùÔ°Íõ ¾ê
¶þ©–Ò»Ò»ÄêÒ»Ô¶þÊ®ÆßÈÕ
Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙҪѧϰÐĵÃ
¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄÀíÂÛ֪ʶÊÇÎÒÃÇƽʱ½ÌÓý»î¶¯Ä¿±êÖƶ¨£¬ÄÚÈÝÑ¡ÔñµÄÖ§³Åµã¡£ÈÏÕæѧϰ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ÖªÊ¶£¬ÄÜʹ×Ô¼º×öµ½ÐÄÖÐÓÐÊý£¬²»ÔÙÃÔ㣬¶ÔÓÚ½ÌÓýËù×ñÑ­µÄ·¢Õ¹·½Ïò£¬ËùÒªÖƶ¨µÄ½ÌÓýÄ¿±ê£¬¶¼ÓоݿÉÒÀ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Ñ§Ï°¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·£¬ÎªÎÒÃǵŤ×÷Ö¸ÒýÁË·½Ïò¡£Ï־ͽüÆÚѧϰËùµÃ£¬»ã±¨ÈçÏ£º
Ò»¡¢Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒªÐÔ£º ¡°Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÊÇ»ù´¡½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬ÊÇÎÒ¹úѧУ½ÌÓýºÍÖÕÉí½ÌÓýµÄµì»ù½×¶Î¡±¡£Ã÷È·ÁËÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓý¸ù±¾½ÌÓýÄ¿µÄºÍ¸ù±¾ÈÎÎñ£¬¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·»¹ÒªÇóÎÒÃÇ¡°³ÇÏç¸÷ÀàÓ׶ùÔ°¶¼Ó¦´Óʵ¼Ê³ö·¢£¬ÒòµØÖÆÒ˵ØʵʩËØÖʽÌÓý£¬ÎªÓ׶ùÒ»ÉúµÄ·¢Õ¹´òºÃ»ù´¡¡±¡£Ö¸³öÁËÓ׶ùÔ°µÄ½ÌÓýÄܹ»ÎªÈëѧ×ö×¼±¸£¬Ò²ÎªÓ׶ùµÄÒ»Éú½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹´ò»ù´¡¡£
¶þ¡¢¡°Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÓ¦×ðÖØÓ׶ùµÄÈ˸ñºÍȨÀû£¬×ðÖØÓ׶ùÉíÐÄ·¢Õ¹µÄ¹æÂɺÍѧϰÌص㣬ÒÔÓÎϷΪ»ù±¾»î¶¯£¬±£½Ì²¢ÖØ£¬¹Ø×¢¸ö±ð²îÒ죬´Ù½øÿ¸öÓ׶ù¸»ÓиöÐԵķ¢Õ¹¡±¡£ÎÒÃÇ×÷ΪÓ׶ù½Ìʦ£¬Ó¦×ðÖØÓ׶ùµÄÈ˸ñºÍȨÀû£¬¼á³Ö¶ÔÓ׶ù½øÐнÌÓýºÍ±£ÓýÏà½áºÏµÄÔ­Ôò£¬×öµ½Ó׶ù½ÌÓýºÍ±£Óý²¢ÖØ£¬ÒÔÓÎϷΪ»ù±¾»î¶¯·½Ê½£¬Å¬Á¦×öµ½£ºÔö½øÓ׶ùÌåÖÊ£¬ÅàÑøÁ¼ºÃÉú»îÏ°¹ß£¬·¢Õ¹Ó׶ùÖÇÁ¦£¬ÅàÑøÐËȤºÍÇóÖªÓû£¬ÒÔ¼°³õ²½µÄ¶¯ÊÖÄÜÁ¦£»ÃÈ·¢°®¹ú¡¢°®¼¯ÌåµÄÇé¸Ð£¬ÅàÑøÓ׶ù¸ÐÊܺͱíÏÖµÄÇéȤºÍÄÜÁ¦¡£Ó׶ùÔ°µÄ½ÌÓýÓ¦¸ÃÊÇÈ«ÃæµÄ¡¢ÆôÃÉÐԵģ¬Ïà¶ÔµØ˵·ÖΪ½¡¿µ¡¢ÓïÑÔ¡¢Éç»á¡¢¿Æѧ¡¢ÒÕÊõÎå¸öÁìÓò¡£ÕâÎå¸öÁìÓòµÄÄÚÈÝÊÇÏ໥Éø͸µÄ£¬
ÒªÇóÎÒÃÇÔÚ¿ªÕ¹Ó׶ù½ÌÓý¹¤×÷ÖУ¬ÒÔÓÎϷΪ»ù±¾»î¶¯£¬Í¨¹ýÎå¸öÁìÓòµÄ½ÌÓýÄÚÈÝ£¬´Ó²»Í¬µÄ½Ç¶È£¬Å¬Á¦´Ù½øÓ׶ùÇé¸Ð¡¢Ì¬¶È¡¢ÄÜÁ¦¡¢ÖªÊ¶¡¢¼¼Äܵȷ½ÃæµÄÈ«Ãæ·¢Õ¹¡£
Èý¡¢¡°Ó׶ù԰ӦΪÓ׶ùÌṩ½¡¿µ¡¢·á¸»µÄÉú»îºÍ»î¶¯»·¾³£¬Âú×ãËûÃǶ෽Ãæ·¢Õ¹µÄÐèÒª£¬Ê¹ËûÃÇÔÚ¿ìÀÖµÄͯÄêÉú»îÖлñµÃÓÐÒæÓÚÉíÐÄ·¢Õ¹µÄ¾­Ñ顱¡£Õâ¾Í˵Ã÷Ó׶ù½ÌÓý²»½ö½öÊÇ´«ÊÚ֪ʶ¡¢´«ÊÚ¼¼ÄÜ£¬¶øÓ¦ÒÔÓ׶ùÉúÃü»îÁ¦µÄ²»¶ÏÔöÇ¿£¬ÉúÃüÄÚº­µÄ²»¶Ï³äʵ×÷ΪÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÖÕ¼«Ä¿±ê¡£ÔÚÒÔÍùµÄÓ׶ù½ÌÓýÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇÍùÍùÆ«ÖØÓÚΪÓ׶ùÆÌÉèÒ»ÌõÇóÖª¡¢Ñ§ÒյĵÀ·£¬¶øºöÊÓÁËÓ׶ù»¹ÓÐÊôÓÚ×Ô¼ºµÄÊÀ½ç£¬×îÖÕÖ»»áêݺ¦Ó׶ùµÄ½¡¿µ³É³¤¡£ËùÒÔ£¬×÷ΪһÃûÓ׶ù½Ìʦ£¬ÎÒÃÇÔÚ¶ÔÓ׶ùµÄ½ÌÓý¹ý³ÌÖÐÒªÉÆÓÚ˳ӦÓ׶ùµÄÐÔÇ飬×ß½øÓ׶ùµÄÇé¸ÐÊÀ½ç£¬ÒªÑ§»á½ÓÄÉËûÃǵĸöÐÔ²îÒ죬ÔÚ½ÌѧÖд´ÉèÒ»ÖÖÃñÖ÷¡¢ºÍг¡¢»ý¼«µÄÆø·ÕºÍÇé¾³£¬½«Ã¿Ò»¸ö½Ìѧ¹ý³Ìµ±³Éʦ¡¢Ó×Ë«·½Ò»´ÎÐÄÁéµÄ¶Ô»°£¬³¨¿ªÐÄì飬ÈÃÓ׶ùÔÚÓÎÏ·ÖÐÎÞ¾ÐÎÞÊøµØ½»Á÷£¬ÈÃÓ׶ùÔÚ»¶ÀֵķÕΧÖÐѧϰ£¬ÈÃÓ׶ùÔÚÓä¿ìµÄѧϰÖÐÇóµÃ·¢Õ¹¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓ¦½áºÏ¹¤×÷ʵ¼Ê£¬Å¬Á¦ÊµÏÖ½ÌÓý·½Ê½µÄת±ä£¬¾¡¿ÉÄÜ°ÑÆÚÍûÓ׶ùѧϰµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬×ª»¯ÎªÓ׶ù×ÔÉíѧϰµÄÐËȤºÍÐèÒª¡£³ä·Öµ÷¶¯Ã¿Ò»¸öÓ׶ù²ÎÓë»î¶¯µÄÖ÷¶¯ÐԺͻý¼«ÐÔ£¬ÈÃÓ׶ù×ÔÓɵء¢Óä¿ìµØÕ¹ÏÖ×Ô¼º£¬ÈÃÓ׶ùÔÚ¿ìÀÖµÄͯÄêÉú»îÖлñµÃÓÐÒæÓÚÉíÐÄ·¢Õ¹µÄ¾­Ñé¡£
ËÄ¡¢¡°Ó׶ùÔ°Ó¦Óë¼ÒÍ¥¡¢ÉçÇøÃÜÇкÏ×÷£¬ÓëСѧÏ໥Ïνӣ¬×ÛºÏÀûÓø÷ÖÖ½ÌÓý×ÊÔ´£¬¹²Í¬ÎªÓ׶ùµÄ·¢Õ¹´´ÔìÁ¼ºÃµÄÌõ¼þ¡±¡£¶ùͯÊÇÉç»áÉú̬»·¾³ÖеÄÒ»·Ö×Ó£¬ÖܱߵÄÉç»áÉú̬»·¾³Îª¶ùͯÌṩÁËDZÔڵķ¢Õ¹
»ú»á£¬²¢¶ÔÆä²úÉúÖ±½Ó»ò¼ä½ÓµÄÓ°Ï졣ͬʱ£¬Ó׶ùµÄ·´Ó¦ÐÐΪÓëÏ°¹ß£¬Òà»áÓ°Ïìµ½ÓëÆäÖ±½ÓÏà¹ØµÄ¼ÒÍ¥¡¢Ó׶ùÔ°ºÍÉçÇø¡£µ±Ç°£¬ÓÉÓÚ¼ÒÍ¥µÄ¹ý¶ÈºÇ»¤£¬µçÊÓµçÄÔµÄÆÕ¼°µÈ£¬Ê¹Ó׶ùµÄÉú»î¿Õ¼äÔ½À´Ô½ÏÁÕ­£¬Ô½À´Ô½ÐéÄ⻯£¬Í¨¹ý»·¾³Ï໥×÷ÓûñµÃ¾­ÑéºÍ¶ÀÁ¢½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄ»ú»áÔ½À´Ô½ÉÙ£¬Ê¹Ó׶ù±äµÃÒÀÀµºÍ±»¶¯¡£Òò´Ë£¬¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·´óÁ¦ÌᳫÓ׶ù»·¾³½ÌÓý£¬ÊǷdz£¾ßÓÐÏÖʵÕë¶ÔÐԺͳ¤Ô¶·¢Õ¹ÒâÒåµÄ¡£ÎÒÃǵÄÓ׶ù½ÌÓý²»½öÒª¹Ø×¢ÄÇЩÓÐÄ¿µÄÐÔµÄѧ¿Æ֪ʶºÍ¼¼ÄÜ£¬¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ´Ù½ø¶ùͯµÄÉíÐÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÎªÆäÌṩÓÅÖʵÄÎïÖʺ;«Éñ»·¾³£¬²¢Ð­Öú¶ùͯÖ÷¶¯µØ¹Û²ì»ò¹ÜÀíÆäÖÜΧµÄ»î¶¯»·¾³£¬Íƶ¯Ó׶ùËØÖʽÌÓý¡£ÓÉ´Ë£¬ÒªÇóÎÒÃÇÒª³ä·ÖÍÚ¾ò¸÷ÖÖ×ÊÔ´»·¾³£¬²¢´´ÉèºÍÀûÓúÃÕâЩÖØÒªµÄ×ÊÔ´¡£ÎÒÃÇÒª³ä·ÖÈÏʶµ½¼ÒÍ¥¡¢ÉçÇøÊÇÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒª×ÊÔ´µÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÎÒÃÇÒª»ý¼«ÕùÈ¡¼Ò³¤¶ÔÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÀí½â¡¢Ö§³ÖºÍÖ÷¶¯²ÎÓ룬ÎÒÃÇÒ²Ó¦¸Ã»ý¼«Ö§³Ö¡¢°ïÖú¼Ò³¤Ìá¸ß½ÌÓýÄÜÁ¦¡£ÎÒÃÇ»¹ÒªÓëÉçÇøÃÜÇкÏ×÷£¬ÕùÈ¡ÉçÇø¶ÔÎÒÃÇÓ׶ù½ÌÓýµÄÖ§³Ö£¬´´ÉèÀûÓúÃÖܱߵĻ·¾³£¬À©´óÓ׶ù»î¶¯µÄ·¶Î§£¬Ê¹Ó׶ùÓëÖÜΧ»·¾³Ö®¼ä²úÉú»ý¼«µÄ½»»¥×÷Óá£Í¨¹ýÒÔÉÏ×ÛºÏÀûÓø÷ÖÖ×ÊÔ´£¬ÎªÓ׶ùµÄ·¢Õ¹´´ÔìÁ¼ºÃµÄÌõ¼þ£¬¸üºÃµØ×öºÃÓ׶ù½ÌÓý¹¤×÷¡£
ÒÔÉÏÊÇÎÒѧϰ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·ºóµÄÒ»µãÐĵá£ÔÚ½ñºóµÄ¹¤×÷ʵ¼ÊÖУ¬ÎÒÒªÒÔ¡¶¸ÕÒª¡·ÎªÖ¸µ¼£¬°Ñ¡¶¸ÙÒª¡·µÄ¾«ËèÂäʵµ½×Ô¼ºµÄ¹¤×÷ÖÐÈ¥¡£
ºþ¹âÖÐÐÄÓ׶ùÔ°Íõ ¾ê
¶þ©–Ò»Ò»ÄêÁùÔÂÊ®ÆßÈÕƪÈý£º¶Á¡¶Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙÒª¡·ºóÐĵÃÌå»á
¶Á¡¶Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙÒª¡·ºóÐĵÃÌå»á
ΪÁ˸üºÃµÄ×éÖ¯ºÍʵʩ½ÌÓý»î¶¯£¬´Ù½øÓ׶ù½¡¿µ³É³¤£¬´Ù½øÓ׶ù½¡¿µ³É³¤£¬´Ù½ø½ÌʦµÄרҵ³É³¤£¬ÎÒÃÇÈ«Ô°ÀÏʦ¶¼ÈÏÕæÔĶÁ¡¢Ñ§Ï°ÁË¡¶Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖ¸µ¼¸ÙÒª¡·¡£
±¾¸ÙÒª·Ö×ÜÔò£¬½ÌÓýÄÚÈݺÍÒªÇó£¬×éÖ¯Óëʵʩ£¬½ÌÓýÆÀ¼ÛÕâËĸö²¿·Ö¡£Ëü´ÓÖƶ¨±¾¸ÙÒªµÄÄ¿µÄ³ö·¢£¬²ûÊöÁËÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÔÚÓ׶ùѧУ½ÌÓýºÍÖÕÉí½ÌÓýµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£ÊÇÒ»¸öµì»ù½×¶Î£¬´ÓÕâÀ¾ÍÈÃÎÒ¸ü¼ÓÇå³þµÄÈÏʶµ½£¬ÎÒÃÇ×÷ΪһÃûÓ׶ù½ÌʦµÄÔðÈÎÖ®ÖØ´ó¡£ÔÚµÚ¶þ²¿·Ö½ÌÓýÄÚÈÝÓëÒªÇóÖУ¬Ëü°ÑÄÚÈÝ»®·ÖΪÓïÑÔ¡¢¿Æѧ¡¢Éç»á¡¢ÒÕÊõ¡¢(תÔØÓÚ:Ó׶ùÔ°¸ÙҪѧϰÐĵÃÌå»á)½¡¿µÕâÎå¸öÁìÓò£¬·Ö±ðÏòÎÒÃǽéÉÜÁËÿ¸öÁìÓòËù´ïµ½µÄÄ¿±ê£¬ÒªÇóºÍÒªÕÆÎÕµÄÒªµã£¬Ò»ÇдÓÓ׶ù³ö·¢¡£´Ó²»Í¬µÄ½Ç¶È´Ù½øÁËÓ׶ùÇé¸Ð¡¢Ì¬¶È¡¢ÄÜÁ¦¡¢ÖªÊ¶¡¢¼¼Äܵȷ½ÃæµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÔõÑùÈ¥¿ªÕ¹Ò»¸ö½ÌÓý»î¶¯¡£ÔÚµÚÈý²¿·Ö×éÖ¯ÓëʵʩÖУ¬ÓÖ¸øÁËÎÒÃÇÒªÇóºÍ°ï×飬ÈÃÎÒ¸ü¼ÓÇå³þ£¬ÓÐÌõÀíµÄ°²Åź¢×ÓÃǵÄÒ»ÈÕÉú»î¡£µÚËIJ¿·ÖµÄ½ÌÓýÆÀ¼Û£¬ÊÇÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓý¹¤×÷µÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬Ëü°üÀ¨Ó׶ù¡¢¶ÔÀÏʦ×Ô¼º£¬¶Ô½ÌÓý¹¤×÷µÄÆÀ¼Û£¬ÔõÑùÈ¥ÆÀ¼Û£¬ÆÀ¼ÛµÄ·½·¨£¬×¢ÒâµÄÊÂÏ½éÉܵúÜÈ«Ãæ¡£
´Ó¸÷¸ö·½ÃæÁ˽â¸ÙÒªµÄÄÚÈÝÒªÇóÖ®ºó£¬ËüÈÃÎÒÔÚƽ³£µÄÉú»î¹¤×÷µ±ÖÐÊÕÒæ²»ÉÙ¡£ÎÒÃÇ°àµÄº¢×Ó¶¼·Ç³£»îÆᢺö¯£¬»¹Óв¿·Öº¢×ӱȽÏÅÑÄæ¡¢µ÷Ƥ£¬ËùÒÔ°àÉϳ£¹æ¶¼ºÜÂÒ£¬¶Ô´Ë£¬ÎÒºÜ׿±£¬±ãºÜÑÏÀ÷µØѵÁ·³£¹æ¡£ÔÚÎҵġ°ÍþÑÏ¡±Ö®Ï£¬´ó²¿·Öº¢×ÓÔÚÎÒµÄÃæ
Ç°¶¼ºÜ¹ÔÁË¡£µ«ÊÇÎÒ½¥½¥·¢ÏÖÔÚº¢×Ó¿´ÎÒµÄÑÛÉñÖжàÁËÒ»·Ý¡°¿Ö¾å¡±¡£¶øÇÒ£¬ÎÒ²»ÔÚµÄʱºò£¬ËûÃÇ»¹ÊÇÕÕÑùÒ»ÍÅÔã¡£Õâʱ£¬ÎÒÏëµ½Á˸ÙÒªÖеÄÒ»¶Î»°¡°Ó׶ùÓë½ÌʦÔÚÈ˸ñÉÏƽµÈ£¬½ÌʦÔÚÓëÓ׶ù¹²Í¬Éú»îÖÐÒª½¨Á¢Æ½µÈ¡¢Ç×ÃÜ¡¢ÐÅÀµµÄÁ¼ºÃ¹Øϵ£¬´´ÔìÒ»ÖÖ¿ª·Å¡¢ÎÂů¡¢ºÍг¡¢¿íËɵĻ·ÕΧ£¬Ê¹Ó׶ù¿ìÀÖ¡¢½¡¿µµØ³É³¤¡£ÓÚÊÇ£¬ÎÒÊÔ×ÅÓëÿһ¸öÓ׶ù×öÅóÓÑ£¬²»ÔÙ°Ú×ÅÀÏʦµÄ×Ë̬£¬ÒªÇóËûÃÇÔõÑù×ö¡£¶øÊÇÒÔ×ðÖصÄ̬¶ÈÓëËûÃǹµÍ¨£¬¾Ã¶ø¾ÃÖ®£¬º¢×ÓÃÇÓëÎÒÇ×ÃÜÆðÀ´£¬Ï²»¶ºÍÎÒÒ»ÆðÍæÁË£¬ÎÒÒ²Òýµ¼ËûÃÇÔõôÑù×ö²ÅÊǶԵģ¬º¢×ÓÃǶ¼ºÜÈÝÒ×½ÓÊÜ¡£
½¥½¥µØ£¬ÎÒÃ÷°×ÁËÐí¶à¡£Æäʵ£¬¶àÓÚº¢×Ó¹µÍ¨£¬¶à¸øËûÃÇһЩ¹ÄÀø¡¢³ÆÔÞ£¬ÊDZÈÅúÆÀ¡¢Ö¸Ôð¸üÈÝÒ×Èú¢×Ó¸ÄÕýȱµã¡£

只供学习与交流