高中英语必修二Unit2知识点上课讲义.doc

高中英语必修二Unit2知识点

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Unit 2 The Olympic Games
核心单词讲解：
1. compete vi.比赛；竞争
compete with/against sb. for sth. 为得到某物与某人竞争
compete in (a game, a match) 参加；在……方面竞争
competition n.比赛；竞争 competitor n.比赛者;竞争者
competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的
练习：①It’s difficult for small markets to big ones.
②Will you the 100-metre race?
③The two athletes will the gold medal.
2. admit vt.&vi.准许进入；容许；接纳(常用被动结构);承认
be admitted as ... 被接受为……
be admitted (to/into) 被准许进入……
admit sth./doing(having done) 承认某事/做过某事
admit that 承认……
admit sb./sth. to be/as 承认……是
It is/was admitted that普遍认为……
练习：(1)Little Tom admitted in the examination, that he wouldn’t do that in future(从今往后).
A. to cheat; to promises B. cheating; promised
C. having cheated; promising D. to have cheated; promised
(2)幸运的是，去年他被一所名牌大学录取了。
Luckily, he a key university last year.
3. replace vt. 代替；取代；替换
replace sb. as 取代某人而成为
replace sb./sth. with/by 用……替换，以……接替
联想拓展：
in place在适当的位置 out of place在不适当的位置
in one’s place=in the place of代替
take the place of=replace代替；替代 take place发生；举行
take one’s place就位，就座 instead of代替；而不是（介词短语）
练习：Bob is ill today. Who can him in our football match?
A. replace B. take place
C. instead of D. in the place of
4. charge n. 费用；指控，指责；主管；掌管 v. 指控；收费；承担责任；掌管
at no extra charge 无需额外付费
be charged with 被控告犯……罪
in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下
in charge of 控制，掌管
free of charge 免费
charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 为做某事向某人收取费用
take charge 负责；控制局面
练习：He told me that the factory was his brother.
A. in charge of B. in charge for
C. in the charge of D. in the charge for
5. bargain n. 协议；廉价物 v.（与某人）讨价还价; 谈判；讲条件
make a bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事与某人达成协议
bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事与某人讨价还价
It’s a bargain. 成交 a good/bad bargain一笔划算/不划算的交易
6. promise vt. 允诺，答应vi.有希望；承诺；答应 n. 诺言，承诺；迹象，征兆 promise sb. sth./promise sth. to sb. 答应给某人某物
promise (sb.)to do sth. 答应（某人）做某事
promise (sb.) that ... 答应（某人）……
make/give a promise 许诺/答应
keep/carry out one’s promise 信守诺言
break/go back on one’s promise 违背诺言
promise to be 有希望成为…
联想拓展： promising adj. 有希望的；有前途的
练习：The girl to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school. A. expects B. allows
C. wishes D. promises
7. marry v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁给……
marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人（marry后不加介词）
marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人
marry well 嫁得好
联想拓展：
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
married adj. 已婚的
get/be married (to sb.) （与某人）结婚
练习：（改错）
(1) She married to a poor writer. (2) They got married for ten years.
8.deserve vt.&vi.应受(报答或惩罚); 值得
1) deserve to do sth. ：应该做某事，值得做某事（主语和不定式的主语为逻辑上的主谓关系）e.g. She has a gift for violin and works hard. She deserves to win the violin competition.
2) deserve doing sth. =deserve to be done值得…（主语和不定式的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，动名词需用主动表被动）
e.g. The boy wrote words on the tree. He deserves punishing. (=He deserves to be punished.)
重点短语：
1. take part in 参加，参与
 join
特指加入党派、团体等；join sb. in (doing) sth.指“和某人一起做某事”。
 join in
​​​​多指参加小规模的活动，如：球赛、游戏等。
 take part in
常指参加大型比赛或活动。
 attend
侧重参加或出席会议、学术活动、音乐会、上课等等，着重强调成为其中的听众或观众。
练习：①—How many countries the Olympic Games in Athens?
—202.
②The famous professor will come to give us a lecture. Will you go to it?
③His brother the army three years ago.
④May I your game?
2. stand for (指缩写或符号)代表；象征；支持；主张
联想拓展：stand by 袖手旁观；无动于衷
stand by sb. 支持；帮助；站在……一边
stand out(from／as) 显眼；突出
练习：①The letters UN United Nations.
②Don’t just . You can do something to help.
③The letters well against the dark background.
3.as well 意为“也，又，而且”，意思等同于too，also，但as well只能置于句末。
联想拓展：as well as意为“不仅…而且…; 除了…之外，还有…；和…一样好”
as well as连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于as well as前面主语的单复数形式。
may/might as well do sth. 意为“不妨…；还是…为好”
e.g. We may/might as well ask him for some advice. 我们不妨向他征求一些建议。
练习：①Jack plays football , if not better than David.
A. as well B. as well as
C. so well D. so well as
②E-mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. play
4.every four years 每四年
every与基数词、序数词、other或few连用，表示时间或空间的间隔，意为“每……；每隔……”。
every+基数词+复数名词
every+序数词+单数名词
every+ other+单数名词
every few+复数名词

重点句型：
1. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.
我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前的奥林匹克运动会的情况。
what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中做call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what相当于the place that，因此what不能改为that，也不能改为where，因为where 只能作状语。
used to do sth.过去经常做某事
be used to do 被用来做…(被动语态)
be/get/become used to sth./doing =be/get/become accustomed to sth./doing 习惯于
练习：
①Water electricity widely all over the world.
A. is used to produce B. is used to producing
C. used to produce D. used to producing
②There many people in the office, but now nobody is allowed. （2009·12·江苏如东检测）
A. used to be; smoking B. used to have; smoking
C. used to be; smoke D. used to have; smoke
2.It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimmimg, sailing and all the team sports.
解析：本句的主干是“It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races”，这是一个强调句，基本句型是“It is/was+被强调部分+that+其它部分”（注意：如果被强调部分是人，that也可以换成who）；
3. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!
句子结构为：nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。此句型是一个倒装句，意为“……也不”，用于否定陈述句之后，说明后者的情况与前者相同。
拓展：1)“so+助动词+主语”结构，表示肯定陈述句之后说明后者情况与前者相同，某人也是这样。
2)so it is with sb./It is the same with sb.结构陈述两种或两种以上的情况，既可用于肯定，也可用于否定。
3)“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词”表示同意别人说的话，意思是“确实如此”。
练习：①—I don’t think I can walk any farther!
— . Let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither am I B. Neither can I
C. I don’t think so D. I think so
②—He has made great progress recently.
— and .
A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have
4. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and ...
not only ...but (also) ... 意为“不仅……而且……”。当此结构连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数要和邻近的主语保持一致。若not only置于句首，其所在的分句需要采用部分倒装。
e.g. He not only said it, but also did it.
Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever.
Not only you but also he is responsible for it.(强调主语时不到装)
练习：①Not only English，but also he learns it well.
A. he likes B. does he like
C. likes he D. he does like
②—I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.
— .
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I
C. Same with me. D. So do I
三、重点语法
一般将来时的被动语态：当动作发生在将来，并且主语与谓语动词之间是被动关系，需要使用一般将来时的被动语态，表示“…将要被…”，其常用表达形式有以下几种：
  1. shall/will be + done
  2. be(am / is /are)going to be + done
  3. be(am / is /are) to be + done
练习：1. If it doesn't rain tomorrow, the sports meet ____ in the playground of our school.
  A. is holding    B. will hold    C. will be held    D. is to be holding
2. The flowers         soon if you want to keep them alive.
  A. should water     B. are watered     C. water    D. are to be watered

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