牛津版高一英语必修三导学案：Module3-Unit1-Language-point讲课稿.doc

学案：Language points of Module3 Unit 1 The world of our senses
Part I Welcome to the unit

Part II Reading
1. When Polly left home that morning, the city was already covered in a grey mist. 波莉离开家的那天早晨，这座城市已笼罩在灰白色的雾气中。
cover vt 遮盖，掩盖；占地(面积)；走过，行走(路程)；读完；采访；(钱)够用；包括，涵盖
She covered her face with her hands. 她以手掩面。
拓展：be covered with 由……所覆盖 cover up 掩饰，隐匿
under (the) cover of 在......掩护下；以......为借口 from cover to cover 从头至尾
under the same cover 在同一封信或同一邮包中
2.step out into the fog =walk faster into the fog 加快脚步进入浓雾中
3. wonder vt.
(1) 对 …感到疑惑，想要知道+ 疑问词引导的句子或不定式
(2) 礼貌地提问或请人做事时说 I wonder if…
vi 对…感到惊讶 （at/ about）
n. (It’s ) no wonder (that)... 难怪……
I wonder what we will do next = I wonder what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。
No wonder you’re that/so tired, you’ve been walking for hours. 难怪你那么累，你一直走了好几个小时。
4. Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. 一出来到大街上，她就很快地朝她平常等的汽车站走去。
Once out in the street 相当于 Once she was out in the street 引导时间状语从句。在从句主语与主句主语一致时，从句可省略主语。例如：
Once published (publish), this dictionary will be very popular.
Once seen (see), it will never be forgotten.
Once seeing(see) Jim, I will inform him of the news.
Words of similar use: if; when; while; unless etc.
When brushing(brush) your teeth , don’t leave water running all the time.
If brushed (brush) three times a day, teeth can remain healthy.
First aid, if properly done (do), can save a person’s life.
I won’t go to the party unless (I am) invited(invite).
5. The truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far.=The truth is that the fog is so thick that the bus can’t run so far. 事实上是雾太浓了，车不能开那么远。
句中第一个that引导的是表语从句。例如：
The reason he did not come is that he was ill. 他没来的原因是他病了。
第二个that (或this) 在此处等于so，意思是“那么”（或“这么”），修饰形容词或副词。例如：
Can hard work change a person that much? 艰辛会使人变化那么大吗?
You see, a fog this bad is rare.(Page3 Line53) 你听我说，这么糟糕的雾很少见。
6. As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat. Line14-15
observe: vt. 观察 observe sth./sb.; observe that
The teacher ________ _____ ______ _______ ____ _______老师发现一些学生睡着了。
observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事（强调过程，动作的结果）
sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 （强调动作正在进行）
observer: n. 观察者
observation: n. 观察，观察力
in a dark coat表示“穿着黑色外套”。“in+服饰或颜色”可以表示人的穿戴。
The man in a uniform is a detective. ___________________________。
Do you know _______ _______ _______ _____? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩吗?

7. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.
a. The doctor prescribed some pills and told her to get/have a week's rest. n. 休息
b. Parents rest their hope on their children. Vt 依靠；寄托
c. We'll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast. n.剩余的人，物
再：The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在狱中度过。
The rest of the books are on the shelf. 剩余的那些书在架子上。
the rest 作主语时，谓语动词由of 后的名词(单、复数)决定
glance: vi. glance at 看一眼，瞥一眼
The man glanced nervously at his watch. 男子紧张地瞥了一眼他的手表。
【辨析】glance at 很快地看一眼，瞥一眼
glare at 怒视
stare at 凝视，盯着看
n. give/take/have a glance at (朝……)一瞥

8. The tall man was nowhere to be seen. 哪儿也看不到这个高个子男人了。
to be seen是动词不定式的被动形式，在此作定语。通常不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，且动作的施动者不明确时，不定式要用被动语态。例如：
The meeting to be held is of great importance. 明天要开的会很重要。
These are the books to be distributed among the students. 这些是要发给学生的书。
nowhere无处；任何地方都不。例如：
The missing wallet is nowhere to be found. 丢失的钱包任何地方都找不着。
Nowhere else could we find the missing wallet. 我们任何其他地方都找不到丢失的钱包。
9. L21—22 As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, …
L 23 Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek, and…
L 25 She could feel her heart beating with fear.
L32 Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
◆ 上述四个句子中划线部分的结构都为：动词 + ________ + ___________，分别由现在分词 (如approaching，beating，staring ) 或者_________(如brush) 充当_________。 ( 你能说它们之间的区别吗？)

10. Polly set off towards Park Street. 波莉向花园街走去。Line20-21
set off 动身，出发(常与for连用)；引爆，使爆炸；引起，激发
Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股票市场上人心惶惶，掀起了抛售浪潮。
set about doing sth．开始／着手做某事 set an example to 为......树立榜样
set out to do sth．开始做某事 set aside 存储，留出
set up 建立，成立 set foot on 踏上，涉足 set fire to 点燃，点火

11. …but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.
By the time they get here, we'll ____ have finished _____ (finish) the work.
By the time l got to the station，the train __ had ___ already ____ gone ___(go).
By the time I finished eating, he ____ was ___already ___ asleep ____(asleep).
小结：①by the time + 一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。
②by the time + 一般现在时从句，主句用将采完成时，表示主句动作将先发生。
③当主句的谓语有表状态的be动词时，主句通常不用完成时态。
拓展：表示时间的短语可作为连词用的还有：every time，the instant，the moment，the day，the year，next time，the first (second，third...)time等以及副词immediately，instantly，directly等。

12．她能感到由于害怕自己的心在砰砰乱跳。She could feel her heart beating with fear.
with表示原因 如：冷得发抖shake with cold
beat v. 跳动；击打；拍打；打败 n.心跳节拍 过去式beat，过去分词 beaten
He’s still alive—I can feel his heart beating（心跳）.
Occasionally the master beat the desk (敲着桌子) with his heavy ruler as he cried,“Silence, please silence!”
He beat me (赢了我)at chess.
beat down 打倒 beat off 击退，打退 beat sb. to death 打死……

13. A minute before, she had wished for someone to come along. Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still. 刚才她还盼望着能有人朝她这里走来。现在她想到的是跑掉，但是因为恐惧，她一动也不能动。
和a minute before连用的时态是过去完成时, 如果是a minute ago则和一般过去时时态连用
wish for 意思是盼望/期盼
It’s no use wishing for the impossible (期望不可能的事).
hold vt. 使保持特定位置或状况
Hold your head up ( 抬起你的头来) for three minutes; it will help you relax.
The man held the door open (让门敞开) as he noticed an old woman came up behind him.
still (1)adj. 静止的，不动的
Keep still while I fasten your shoe. 当我替你系鞋带时，你不要动。
The sea was calm and still. 海上风平浪静。
(2)adj. 寂静的，无声的
The room was still at the end of the speech. 演讲结束时，室内一片寂静。
[辨析]still, calm，quiet, 与silent
still 静止的，不动的，指没有运动或动作的状态；calm 平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动；
quiet 宁静的，安静的，指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼＼焦虑；silent 寂静的，沉默的，不发音的，指没有声音或不讲话。
Tell the children to keep calm. 告诉孩子们沉着些。(指不慌张，冷静)
She kept silent about the matter. 她对这件事保持沉默。(指什么也不说)
Ask the boys to keep quiet. 让孩子们保持安静。(指不要吵闹)
The officer asked the Swedish to keep still. 军官让那个瑞典人别动。(指不移动也不出声)

14. watch out (for)(1)密切注意，留意留心
Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company, they don't come very often.
要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的机会，这样的机会不多。
I'm always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.
我总是警惕着过去可能没注意到的错误。
(2) Watch out ! There's a danger ahead. 小心!前面有危险。
watch out (for) look out (for) Cf. look out of take care (of) be careful of
15.It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny. 这给了我一个机会，我可以回报在晴天里人们所给与我的帮助了。
配对下列词义pay for 付清；缴清
pay in 回报
pay off 负担／支付……的费用,为……付出代价
pay sb．out 存款
pay up 偿还，还清
pay back 报复某人

How can I pay you back for all your kindness?
My husband cheated me but I’ll find some way to pay him back.
After 10 years of hard work, the couple eventually pay off the debts.
How much should I ___ pay __ you ___ for ___ the broken glasses?
You will ________ pay for _______ your carelessness.
pay for 负担／支付……的费用 pay in 存款 pay off 偿还，还清 pay sb．out 报复某人 pay up 付清；缴清 pay back 回报

16. A blind person_ like me can’t get across the road without help, except __ in a fog like this. 像我这样的瞎子没人帮助是没有办法过街，除非是在这样的大雾里。
翻译下列句子中的get across
The explanation did not get across to the class. 被……理解
He didn’t get his explanation across to the class. 把……讲清楚
except 意思是 除了 ，可以用在名词、代词、介词、不定式和句子前。
I usually go to work by bike, except that it snows / except on snowy days (除了下雪天).
We have nothing to do except glance at each other from time to time (除了偶尔对看一眼).

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