同等学力考试英语样卷三及答案解析.doc

2013年同等学力考试英语样卷三及答案解析
Part Ill Reading Comprehension(45 minutes。25 points)
Section A    
Directions: In this section，there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements，each with four suggested answers A，B．C and D．Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet．
Passage One
    Childhood exposure to a group of chemicals，which are used widely in a variety of products，including water-resistant clothing and microwave popcorn，could reduce the effectiveness of common vaccines，a new study has found．
    Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston looked at over 580 children and found that those who had higher concentrations of these perfluorinated(全氟化的) compounds(PFCs)in their blood had lower immune responses to diphtheria(白喉)and tetanus(破伤风) vaccinations．
    An insufficient immune response to a vaccine can mean a child is actually vulnerable to catching a disease even though they have been vaccinated against it，the researchers said．
    “When we take our kids to the doctor’s office to get their shots，we expect that the vaccines are going to work．What we found was that there was an increasing risk that they didn’t work if the kids had been exposed to the PFCs，”study author Philippe Grand-jean was quoted as saying by LiveScience.
(21)What makes the children’s common vaccines less effective according to the new study?
A．The exposure of chemicals they used in childhood．
B． The reduction of a series of chemicals in childhood．
    C．Childhood consumption of chemical products.
D．Childhood contact with chemical products．
(22)The Harvard School of Public Health experts found that there was______relation between concentrations of chemical deposits in blood and immunity．
A．no direct                   B．an unilateral
C．a direct                    D．an unpredictable
(23)The word “vulnerable” (Para．3) is closest in meaning to“_____”
A．difficult to be affected     B．impossible to be affected
    C．possible to be affected     D．easy to be affected
(24)The increasing risk of low immunity which children face is caused by____．
A．their exposure to chemicals
    B．their refusal of getting shots of vaccines
    C．the doctors’irresponsibility
    D．the poor quality of vaccines

Passage Two
  In our society，we must communicate with other people．A great deal of communication is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech．If we travel in buses or stand in football match queues，we are likely to have conversations in which we give information or opinions，and sometimes have our views challenged by other members of society．
    Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society．Two things above others have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry．Firstly，inventiveness has led to advances in printing，photography，and so on．Secondly，speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news．
    No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority．Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema，but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being channeled into millions of homes．
    Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information．The modern communications industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment．The printing，broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with their informing，educating and entertaining functions．Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part，the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse．However，the mass media are with us for better，for worse, and there is no turning back．
(25)The author probably means that speech on a person-to-person basis is the_____means of communication．
A．primary                           B．secondary
C．auxiliary                           D．optional
(26)According to Paragraph 2，with the rapid communication speed，____________.
A．local and national news reach people at the same time
B．national news reaches people even faster than local news
C．local news reaches people faster than national news
D．two factors make the face-to-face contact the only form of
(27)The word “confined” (Para．3) most probably means“________”
    A．limited                              B．confirmed
C．related                              D．concealed
(28)According to Paragraph 4，which of the following is NOT what modern communication does?
    A．Influencing people’s mode of life．
    B．Transmitting information．
    C．Broadening people’s horizons．
    D．Keeping people interested in industries．
(29)The last paragraph implies that the mass media as the vast modern network of communications is likely to face or have more______
    A．criticisms                           B．praises
    C．condemnations                       D．opportunities

Passage Three
Recruiting the right candidate to fill a vacancy can be a difficult and costly task．Appointing the wrong person could be an expensive mistake which could cause personnel problems for the whole department．And，as every HR manager knows，it is much more difficult to get rid of someone than it is to employ them．
 The HR manager’s first decision is whether to recruit internal applicants or advertise the vacancy outside the company．Internal applicants are easy to recruit by memo，e-mail or newsletter．Furthermore，they are easy to assess and know the company well．However，they rarely bring fresh ideas to a position．Moreover，a rejected internal candidate might become unhappy and leave the company．
    Recruiting outside the company means either advertising the vacancy directly or using an employment agency．If the company decides to advertise the vacancy directly，it has to decide where to place the advertisement．Traditionally this has meant newspapers and professional journals but now the Internet is also very popular．The decision normally depends on the vacancy．Companies advertise blue-collar or clerical jobs in local newspapers and senior management positions in national papers or professional journals，while the Internet is one of best ways of advertising IT vacancies or recruiting abroad．However，with the Internet there is a risk of receiving unsuitable applications, from all over the world．
An agency can be either a commercial business or a government employment center．A company often uses a government agency to reruit blue-collar workers but normally prefers a commercial agency for its white-collar staff．However，a commercial agency could be very expensive and the applicants are less likely to stay with the company for a long time．
(30)The central idea of the first paragraph is that_____．
A．finding the right job applicant to fill a vacancy is never easy
B．removing an undesirable employer is more difficult than hiring him
C．personal problems can come up if the manager employs a wrong candidate
D．every HR manager knows the troubles and expenses of recruitment
(31)The advantage of internal recruitment is that          ．
A．it is easy for the company to evaluate the internal applicants
B．the candidates know the company well enough to start work right away
C．it is expensive to recruit by means of memo，e-mail or newsletter
D．it is the HR manager’s first decision to make once he wants to recruit
(32)What problem is the internal recruitment likely to cause?
    A．The boss’ new thoughts can not be brought to the job recruited．
    B．The unsuccessful applicant will feel sad and leave the company．
    C．The rejected applicant will become unhappy and refuse to work hard any further．
    D．It might lead to unexpected occurrences and no arrival of the desired．
(33)The traditional external recruitment advertisement is through        
    A．local employment agencies
    B．the Internet，blog or Facebook
    C．newspapers and professional journals
    D．direct recruitment means
(34)The problem with the Internet as an external recruitment method is the risk of receiving          ．
    A．a large number of false documents
    B．a large number of undesired applications
    C．a wide variety of candidates throughout the world
D．a great variety of world-wide junk e-mails
Passage Four
  This month is expected to see that seminal(有创意的) moment when digital cinema will outstrip the 35 mm technology that has been the dominant projection format in movie theatres for over 120 years．In 2009，digital accounted for only 15％of global screens．But the movie Avatar changed all that.
3D movies required digital，and Avatar’s phenomenal success with 3D pushed cinemas to adopt digital screens．IMS Screen Digest cinema Intelligence Service estimates that by the end of 2012，digital will account for 63％of screens，and by 2015，83％．
A majority of those screens will be based on Texas Instruments’ digital light processing(DLP) technology，a technology that uses millions of tiny mirrors on a tiny chip, each of them capable of moving thousands of times per second to create a digital image．That same technology today is also beginning to be used in cellphones and digital camera to project images in those devices onto ordinary surfaces．
That will be a bigger opportunity，says Kent Novak，Texas Intruments’ senior VP for DLP products, who was in Bangalore recently.
Cinemas are moving rapidly to digital screens．Why?
The first digital movie was premiered(首演)in 1999．Initially it was thought moving to digital would give better picture quality and cost savings，but it took many years for a few systems to get deployed．And then Avatar happened．That was really the tipping point．In 2008，15 3D movies were released；in 2009，it was close to 50．Theatres were able to get more people and get a higher price for the ticket，so it became a significant revenue generator．We have seen more conversion of film to digital in the last two years than in the previous ten．
    You are now bringing the technology to smaller devices．
We are moving to put these chips into cellphones，digital still cameras，camcorders，laptop accessories, tablets, docking stations, media players. We’ve been hearing of pico(handheld)projectors for some time now．But we don’t really see products in the market．The technology has only recently reached a tipping point in terms of lighting efficiency and total brightness．Three years ago，1 watt of power could get the brightness measurement of about 5 1umens．Today that 1 watt can give 20 lumens(making the projected image brighter)．We designed the chip to be more efficient．Also，the industry driver for efficiency is LED．The amount of investment going into LED is enormous．As technology has improved，volumes have gone up，and cost has come down．Micromax and Spice in India have put projection even in some of their feature phones；Samsung has put proj ection on some of their phones．Nikon has DLP embedded in some of their digital still cameras，Sony has them in camcorders．
What are the use cases that you see? 
You can use your phone to show video clips，pictures，power point presentations，and make it a shared experience．India has been more progressive in adopting the technology because feature phones are a phone during the day and become the primary entertainment source in the evenings．India also has mobile TV phones with preloaded Bollywood movies that can be projected out of the phone． 
(35)The word“outstrip”in the first paragraph most possibly mean“______”
    A．take off                          B．outlive
    C．surround                          D．surpass
(36)The success of the 3D movie Avatar brought a(n)______increase in the digital global screens．
A．1imited                           B．subtle
C．ambiguous                         D．dramatic
(37)What makes the digital screens possible，according to the passage?
A．Digital light processing technology．
B．Use of millions of tiny mirrors on the chip．
C．The chip capable of moving thousands of times per second．
D．The American movie entitled Avatar made in Hollywood．
(38)Why are cinemas moving rapidly into digital screens according to the author?
A．Because digital screens can bring owners of cinemas much more profits．
B．Because owners of cinemas are in favor of new high technology devices．
    C．Because digital screens can give film viewers a better picture quality．
D．Because more and more 3D films like Avatar are released in recent years
(39)The word“revenue”(Para．5)is closest in meaning to“_____”
    A．adventure                           B．income
    C．ventilation                         D．motion
(40)The author mentions Micromax，Spice，Samsung，Nikon and Sony to prove that_____．
    A．DLP technology has made a rapid progress in increasing brightness of images
    B．LED is getting more efficient and more widely used in electronic devices 
    C．these companies are making more and more profits by adopting LED
    D．these companies are taking different attitudes towards LED applications
(41)By “make it a shared experience” in the last paragraph the author means that_____．
    A．feature phones are enriching people’s interactions in their life
    B．a cellphone user can share his phone with other people around
    C．India has been more progressive in adoption of DLP technology
    D．Spice company can preload movies into the phone

Section B
Directions：In this section，you are required to read four pieces of news and decide which of the four titles marked A，B，C and D is best suited to each of them．Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet．
A．Nokia posts $1.38bn loss in fourth qtr
B．Gold surges to 7-week high of $1720
C．R-Power ropes in German utility for mining
D．“We are creating，not stealing jobs in US，Europe”
(42)______
LONDON：Gold prices soared Thursday to the highest level in almost seven weeks as the dollar weakened after the US Federal Reserve vowed to keep interest rates near zero for more than two years．
The precious metal rose up to$1，720．35 an ounce on the London Bullion Market — the highest level since December 9 but still far below the record peak of $1，921．15 struck on September 6．
“With the US Federal pledging to keep interest rates in check until late 2014，gold soared，”said Rose Norman，boss of British-based bullion broker Sharp Pixley． “Although there was heavy speculative buying, anxious investors joined the fray who are concerned by currency depreciation as global central banks use easy monetary policies to flood markets with cash.”
(43)_____
Davos：With HCL Tech announcing 10，000 jobs for locals in the US and Europe，India Inc on Thursday chose the WEF meet to send a strong mes