同等学力真题英语及解析.doc

2004年同等学力人员申请硕士学位
 外国语水平全国统一考试

Paper One 试卷一
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points) （略）
Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points,0.5 for each )
Section A
16. Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on Britain’s position in relation to its partners in the European Union.
A. ambitious B. obscure C. appalling D. indifferent
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】黑格被选为保守党领袖，部分原因是他在有关英国与欧盟其他成员国地位问题上所持的模糊观点。
【考点剖析】ambitious“有野心的，有抱负的”；obscure“不清楚的，含糊的，晦涩的”；appalling“骇人听闻的”；indifferent“漠不关心的”。在四个选项中，修饰views（看法，意见，见解）

17. Her story shows how gentle stubbornness and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.
A. persuasion B. determination C. devotion D. reservation
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】他的经历告诉我们一点儿顽强与对荣誉和名声的淡泊是怎样导致伟大的成就的。
【考点剖析】persuasion“说服”；determination“决心”；devotion“献身，热诚”；reservation“（权力等的）保留”。能导致伟大的成就的不可能是persuasion和reservation；devotion符合语境，但它不能被gentle修饰；因此只有B是正确选项（stubbornness“倔强，顽强”）。

18. We have a respon3sibility to ensure our nation’s continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research.
A. effective B. efficient C. significant D. reasonable
【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】我们有责任确保祖国的持续繁荣昌盛，而最明智的方式是投资于基础科学的研究。
【考点剖析】effective“效果明显的”；efficient“效率高的”；significant“重要的，有意义的”；reasonable“合理的”。sensible“明智的，合情合理的”，所以答案为D。

19. All information reported to or likewise obtained by the commission is considered confidential.
A. in a similar way B. in another way C. in a direct way D. in an unauthorized way
【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】所有汇报给委员会或以类似的方式获得的信息都被认为是机密的。
【考点剖析】in a similar way“以类似的方式”；in another way“以另一种方式”；in a direct way“直接地”；in an unauthorized way“以未经许可的方式”。从reported to or likewise obtained推断出委员会的信息来源于汇报或者其他类似的方式（likewise），所以in a similar way是正确选项。

20. I would recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location.
A. as a result of B. because of
C. with regard to D. with a view to
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】我之所以给这所旅馆如此高的评价是因为它所处的环境太优美了。
【考点剖析】as a result of“作为结果”；because of“因为”；with regard to“关于”；with a view to“着眼于，以……为目的，考虑到”。因为（on account of）its wonderful location，所以I would recommend this inn highly；前后是因果关系，B是正确选项。

21. Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies.
A. exactly B. faithfully C. repeatedly D. simply
【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】电视广告不仅仅反映主流意识形态。
【考点剖析】exactly“确切地，精确地”；faithfully“忠实地，诚心诚意地”；repeatedly“反复地，再三地”；simply“仅仅”。do more than 是对merely的否定，由此可以推断出merely是“仅仅，只”的意思。

22. The legislative provision has a great impact on the operations of the department.
A. law B. passage C. revision D. clause
【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】法律条款对这个部门的运转有着很大的影响。
【考点剖析】law“法令，法典”；passage“（文章等的）一节，一段”；revision“校正，修订”；clause“（章程、条约等的）条款”。legislative（立法的，立法机关的）只能修饰clause。

23. In spite of a problem with the faulty equipment，some very useful work was accomplished.
A. imperfect B. temporary C. emergency D. reinstalled
【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】尽管这台有毛病的设备出了故障，但一些很有帮助的工作已经完成了。
【考点剖析】imperfect“不完全的，有缺点的”；temporary“暂时的，临时的”；emergency“突然事件，紧急时刻”；reinstalled“重新装配的”。由problem可以推断faulty的含义是“有缺点的，有毛病的”。

24. Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to combat global warming.
A. focus on B. settle down C. fight against D. sum up
【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】关于气候变化的会谈7月16号在德国的波恩重新启动，以便应对全球变暖的问题。
【考点剖析】focus on“聚焦于”；settle down“定居，专心于”；fight against“对抗”；sum up“总计，总结，概括”。举行会谈的目的是为了应对或解决全球变暖的问题，可以推断combat“抗击，与……抗争”。

25. Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values，and that we must act now to halt this decline.
A. lace B. plug C. cease D. digest
【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】鲍勃认为，市场进入大学正在侵蚀基本的学术价值是，我们必须立即采取行动来遏止这种衰退。
【考点剖析】lace“扎带子”；plug“赌，塞”；cease“停止，终了”；digest“消化”。四个选项中只有C才能与宾语decline搭配。
Section B
26. The local people could hardly think of any good way to______poverty they had endured.
A. shake off B. ward off C. put off D. take off
【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】当地人几乎想不出任何好办法来摆脱他们忍受的贫困。
【考点剖析】shake off“抖落，摆脱”；ward off“避开，挡住”；put off“推迟，拖延”；take off“取消，脱衣，起飞”。四个选项中，poverty只能和A搭配。

27. The three branches of government—the legislative，the executive，and the______—restrain and stabilize one another through their separated functions.
A. lawful B. just C. judicial D. legal
【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】政府的三个部门——立法、执法和司法机构——通过各自独立的功能相互制约来达到均衡。
【考点剖析】lawful“合法的，法定的”；just“公正的，公平的”；judicial“司法的”；legal“法定的，合法的”。所填词应与legislative（立法的，有立法权的）和executive（执行的，有执行权的）并列，只有C满足要求。

28. From observers’ estimates of the brightness of the fireball，he______that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter.
A. deduced B. reduced C. induced D. produced
【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】根据观测员对火球亮度的估计，他推断在太空中的主体部分直径在40英尺到260英尺之间。
【考点剖析】deduce“推论，推断，演绎（from）”；reduce“减少，缩小”；induce“劝诱，促使，导致”；produce“生产”。deduce常与from搭配表示“由……推断出”。

29. They provide a means of keeping______of the thousands of journal papers that are published monthly or quarterly.
A. track B. contact C. relation D. steps
【正确答案】A
【句子翻译】他们提供了一种能记录数千篇期刊论文的方法，这些论文每月或每年出版。
【考点剖析】keep track of“了解”；keep contact with“与……保持联系”；relation与step不与keep连用。

30. You can use the Course Calendar to help______your students of important dates in the course，such as test dates.
A. warn B. remind C. convince D. deprive
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】你可以用课程表来帮助提醒你的学生重要的课程日期，比如考试日。
【考点剖析】warn sb. of sth.“警告某人……”；remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人……”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信……”；deprive sb. of sth.“使某人失去……”。课程表的作用显然是用来提醒人们的，所以B是正确答案。

31. Among picture books for 4—8-year-olds，several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with______illustrations.
A. imaginable B. imaginative C. imaging D. imageless
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】在4~8岁的孩子所看的图画书中，有一些杰出的作品把原文和富有想象的插图结合在了一起。
【考点剖析】imaginable“可以想象得到的”；imaginative“想象的，富于想象力的”；imaging“成想象”；imageless“无形象的，无意象的”。

32. A survey of more than 1000 philosophers，teachers and students by the authoritative Philosophers’ Magazine placed Charles Darwin’s The Origin of______as the third most important work.
A. Sperms B. Species C. Spectrums D. Specimens
【正确答案】B
【句子翻译】由权威杂志 《哲学家杂志》 进行的，针对1000多名哲学家、教师和学生的一项调查把查尔斯·达尔文的 《物种起源》 评为第三重要的著作。
【考点剖析】Sperm“精子，精液”；Species“物种”；Spectrum“光谱，波谱等”；Specimen“样本，样品”。众所周知，达尔文写的名著叫 《物种起源》。

33. As skies fill with millions of migrating birds，European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming______：The fatter the bird，the more efficiently it flies.
A. interruption B. description C. qualification D. contradiction
【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】当数以百万计的候鸟布满天空时，欧洲科学家宣称这种季节性的奇迹似乎取决于一个看似矛盾的现象：鸟儿越胖，飞行得越有效率。
【考点剖析】 interruption“打断，中断”；description“叙述，描述”；qualification“资格”；contradiction“矛盾”。The fatter the bird，the more efficiently it flies是一个悖论，所以用contradiction才能描述这个结论的特征。

34. The party leader justified his subsequent reelection______that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.
A. in the way B. by no means C. on the grounds D. to the extent
【正确答案】C
【句子翻译】这个政党的领袖以他给国家带来了政治上的安定和经济上的发展证明他参加后来的再选是正确的。
【考点剖析】in the way“挡道”；by no means“绝不”；on the grounds that“以……为由”；to the extent“到……的程度”。主从句之间是因果关系。

35. A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contemporary English ______ young audiences who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.
A. in memory of B. at the cost of
C. on behalf of D. for the benefit of
【正确答案】D
【句子翻译】为了帮助那些被过时400年的笑话弄糊涂的年轻读者，英国的一位权威学者建议将莎士比亚的作品评为现代英语。
【考点剖析】in memory of“纪念”；at the cost of“以……为代价”；on behalf of“代表……”；for the benefit of“为……的利益”。英国学者的建议是为了帮助困惑的年轻观众，只有D符合语境。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points, 1 for each )
Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage One
    Children live in a world in which science has tremendous importance. During their lifetimes it will affect them more and more. In time, many of them will work at jobs that depend heavily on science --- for example, concerning energy sources, pollution control, highway safety, wilderness conservation, and population growth, and population growth. As taxpayers they will pay for scientific research and exploration. And, as consumers,  they will be bombarded (受到轰击) by advertising, much of which is said to be based on science.
    Therefore, it is important that children, the citizens of the future, become functionally acquainted with science---- with the process and spirit of science, as well as with its facts and principles. Fortunately, science has a natural appeal for youngsters. They can relate it to so many things that they encounter ---- flashlights, tools, echoes, and rainbows. Besides, science is an excellent medium for teaching far more than content. It can help pupils learn to think logically, to organize and analyse ideas. It can provide practice in communication skills and mathematics. In fact, there is no area of the curriculum to which science cannot contribute, whether it is geography, history, language arts, music, or art!
     Above all, good science teaching leads to what might be called a “scientific attitude.” Those who possess it seek answers through observing, experimenting, and reasoning, rather than blindly accepting the pronouncements of others. They weigh evidence carefully and reach conclusions with caution. While respecting the opinions of others, they expect honesty, accuracy, and objectivity and are on guard against hasty judgments and sweeping generalizations. All children should be developing this approach to solving problems, but it cannot be expected to appear automatically with the mere acquisition of information. Continual practice, through guided participation, is needed. (293 words)

36. One of the reasons why science is important for children is that many of them will _____.
   A. work in scientific research institutions
   B. work at jobs closely related to science
   C. make the final decision in matters concerning science
      D. be fund-raisers for scientific research and exploration

37. There is no doubt that children like learning science because_____.
   A. science is linked with many of the things they meet
   B. science is a very easy subject for them to learn
   C. they encounter the facts and principles of science daily
   D. they are familiar with the process and spirit of science

38. Pupils can learn logical thinking while _____.
   A. practicing communication skills
   B. studying geography
   C. taking art courses
   D. learning science

39. People with a scientific attitude ____.
   A. are ready to accept the pronouncements of others
   B. tend to reach conclusions with certainty
   C. are aware that others are likely to make hasty judgments
   D. seek truth through observation , experimentation and reasoning

40. In the passage the writer seems to ______.
   A. prove that science is a successful course in school
   B. point out that science as a course is now poorly taught in school
   C. suggest that science should be included in the school curriculum
   D. predict that children who learn science will be good scientists

Passage Two
My surprise over the past few winters has been the personality transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa and Grandma. Yes, they become grandparents and are completely different from the people I know the other eleven and a half months of the year.
 The first sign of my parents’ change is the delight they take in visiting toy and children’s clothing stores. These two people, who usually dislike anything having to do with shopping malls, become crazy consumers. While they tell me to budget my money and shop wisely, they are buying up every doll and dump truck in sight. And this is only the beginning of the holidays!
 When my brother’s children arrive, Grandpa and Grandma come into full form. First they throw out all ideas about a balanced diet for the grandkids. While we were raised in a house where everyone had to take two bites of corm, beets (甜菜)，or liver (foods that appeared quite often on our table despite constant complaining), the grandchildren never have to eat anything that does not appeal to them. Grandma carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe (贿赂)the littlest ones into following her around the house, while Grandpa offers “surprises” of candy and cake to them all day long. Boxes of chocolate-pie disappear while the whole-wheat bread get hard and stale. The kids love all the sweets, and when the sugar raises their energy levels, Grandma and Grandpa can always decide to leave and do a bit more shopping or go to bed while my brother and sister-in-law try to deal with their highly active kids.
 Once the grandchildren have arrived, Grandma and Grandpa also seem to forget all of the responsibility lectures I so often hear in my daily life. If Mickey screams at his sister during dinner, he is “developing his own personality”; if Nancy breaks Grandma’s mirror, she is “just a curious child.” But, if I track mud into the house while helping to unload groceries, I become “careless”; if I scold one of the grandkids for tearing pages out of my textbook, I am “ impatient.” If Paula talks back to her mother, Grandma and Grandpa smile at her spirit. If I say one word about all of this excessive love, Mom and Dad reappear to have a talk with me about petty jealousies.      (398 words)

41. As regards his parents’ shopping for the grandchildren, the author ______.
   A. feels jealous                           B. feels amazed     
   C. thinks it unnecessary                    D. thinks it annoying

42. What happens after the kids have had all the sweets?
   A. They get highly energetic.
   B. They quiet down.
  C. They want more sweets.
   D. They go to bed.

43. Which of the following is NOT true of the visiting children?
   A. They behave very well.
   B. They like chocolate very much.
   C. They receive toys from their grandparents.
   D. They are having a lot of fun.

44. It can be inferred from the passage that when the author was a child, he______.
   A. liked the foods he had
   B. got a lot of pocket money
  C. was spoiled by his parents
   D. was scolded if he misbehaved

45. “Personality transformation” in the author’s parents means that they _______.
   A.have turned into loving paren