高中英语考试作文高分秘笈.docx

1. 掌握五大句型 句子主要都是在五大句型的基础上扩展的，总体上句子必须包含至少一个主谓结构 
（1）主+谓+（状） He smiles. The sun rises in the east.
（2）主+系+表 He is an expert in computers. 
（3）主+谓+宾 I like sports. Mary has finished her work. 
（4）主+谓+双宾语 Would you buy him a gift? =Would you buy a gift for him? 
（5）主+谓+宾+宾补 The young couple watched their baby playing on the grassland. Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.

2. 巧用复合句和并列句 并列句由and族，but族和or族等并列连词连接，复合句由各种引导词连接成为状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句。其中状语从句分类最为复杂。
（1）并列句的并列连词 
①and族并列连词 both…and…，not only…but also…，and等
②or族并列连词 or，either…or，or else等 
③but族并列连词 not…but…，while，but等 
（2）复合句的引导词 

①状语从句的引导词 
表时间：when，while，as，as soon as，the moment，directly，immediately，before，after，till，until，since…… 
表地点：wherever，where
表方式：as if/though，（just）as 
表原因：because，since，as，now that
表结果：so…that，such…that，so that
表目的：so that，in order that
表比较：as…as…，than…，the same…as…，not so…as… 
表让步：though，although，no matter wh-， even if/though，as
表条件：if，as/so long as，on condition that，unless
②定语从句的引导词 关系代词：who，whom，which，that，as，whose
关系副词：when，where，why
③名词性从句的引导词 that，whether，if，what，which，when，where，why，how，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however He smiles. The sun rises in the east. 
（2）主+系+表 He is an expert in computers. 
（3）主+谓+宾 I like sports. Mary has finished her work. 
（4）主+谓+双宾语 Would you buy him a gift? =Would you buy a gift for him? 
（5）主+谓+宾+宾补 The young couple watched their baby playing on the grassland. Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. 

3. 灵活运用固定框架 
（1）It is（high/about）time…是该…的时候了 
（2）It is+adj.（kind/nice/good/foolish…）of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真好/愚蠢… 
（3）It is+adj.（important/necessary/impossible…）for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是重要的/必要的/不可能的… 
（4）I don’t think/believe/expect/…that从句（否定转移）我认为/相信/期望…不/非… 
（5）What is sth./sb. like?某人人品怎么样？What does sth./sb. look like?某物/某人看上去是什么样的？ 
（6）Would you mind…?你介意…吗？ 
（7）It is no good/use+doing sth. 做某事是不好的/没用的 
（8）It is/has been…since…自从…已有… 
（9）It is/was…who/that…（强调句型）就是… 
（10）It is said/reported/believed/suggested…+that从句 据说/据报道/人们相信/有人建议…

4. 掌握扩展句子的手段 

（1）增加修饰成分 名词可以带有定语、同位语，动词、形容词可以带有状语 
①I am a student. I am a boy student in Class 5, Grade 2, No.1 Middle School. 
②The actor acted in the play. The young actor from Hunan once acted very well in the history play. 
（2）运用并列和从属手段 并列清楚地表现了从句之间的逻辑关系：递进、顺承、转折、选择、因果等；从属则表明了主从句之间的主次关系，恰当地运用从属手段可以使文章表意连贯、主线分明 
①The left hand was still painful. The left hand was still painful so I went to see a doctor.
②I like music. I like musiv while my brother likes sports.

5. 句型转化 
（1）肯定句、否定句、疑问句之间的转换 She comes from Canada. →She doesn’t come from Canada. Does she come from Canada? Where does she come from? 
（2）简单句和复合句的转换
①I spoke to the woman just now. She can speak several foreign languages. →The woman to whom I spoke just now can speak several foreign languages.
②He got up late this morning. He didn’t catch the first bus. →He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up late this morning. 
（3）并列句与复合句和非谓语动词之间的转换 The fish can eat a person in two minutes and they leave only bones. →The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving one bones. 

6. 妙用承接、过渡词语 

（1）表示时间顺序 now，then，afterwards，later，soon，before long，to begin with，at the beginning，at first，at the end of，in the end，finally… （2）表示次序
①first，second，third…finally/lastly 
②firstly，secondly，thirdly…finally/lastly 
（3）表示空间顺序 above，below，near，far，beside，to the right，on one side… 
（4）表示因果关系 therefore，so，as a result，thus，for this reason，hence，for… 
（5）表示转折、让步 however，nevertheless，at any rate，in spite of，yet，but… 
（6）表示并列、等同 equally，in the same way，likewise，at the same time，that is（to say），or rather… 
（7）表示比较、对照 by/in contrast，by comparison，in contrast to，on the contrary，on the other hand，instead，but，just like，just as，similarly… （8）表示列举 for example，for instance，to illustrate，such as 
（9）表示意义增补 in addition（to），besides，and，moreover，futhermore，what is more，as well，and then… 
（10）表示目的 for the purpose of，so that，in order that，so as to，in order to… 
（11）表示强调 indeed，in fact，surely，without any doubt… 
（12）表示总结、归纳 in conclusion，in summary，in sum，in a word，in brief，in short，thus，to sum up，to conclude，all in all… 

7. 如何写好作文段落 段落是一组相关的、共同表达一个中心思想的句子组成的。段落本身又是一篇小短文，包括主题句、支持句和结尾句。主题句是一个段落的中心或灵魂，代表着整个段落的主要思想，往往置于段落的首位。支持句是各种解释、说明、论证主题句的句子。结尾句是由主题句和支持句发展而来，它通常是一种肯定或否定的结论，是对全段的一种浓缩式说明。段落的句式要错落有致，不要单调重复。段落除了用少数简单句以外可穿插使用祈使句和虚拟语气，再辅以复合句和非谓语动词。长句与短句的交替使用使文章更具可读性。