英语语音语调简明教程省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

语音语气知识介绍语音语气知识介绍第1页第2页（一）元音（一）元音第3页音音 标标（二）辅音（二）辅音第4页/i:/i/eat-itfeel-fillfeet-fitwheel-willsheep-shipsleep-slipCheap-chipseat-sit第5页/:doorshortfloorbeforebecausenothotdogsorryfogblogclock第6页/u:/u/roommoonnoonchoosetoolfoolschoolgoodtookcooklookbookput第7页/:/birdfirstnursepurpleaboutaccuse第8页/a:/but cut bus cup touch fun but cut bus cup touch fun class grass past ask answerclass grass past ask answerarm smart park party hard arm smart park party hard 第9页/e/bed-baddead-dadsaid-sadbeg-bagbet-batmen-man第10页EnglishDiphthongs双元音Centringdiphthong开口Closingdiphthongs闭口EndinginEndinginIendingin IeeI aI I a here hare tourthey cry toy know now 第11页/ei/i:/-/ei/seasaygreat-greetgreengrainreal-railsheepshapewheel-whale第12页/ai/e/sad-sidecat-kitesmell-smilefell-filechildAchildiscryingbymyside.第13页/u/au/gohomesocoatboatfloatknowsnowslowcrowdnowcowflowermouthloud第14页Readthefollowingwords:ear year ill-eelear year ill-eel hear hill hair hell-hirehear hill hair hell-hire fear fill feel fail fell fair fire filefear fill feel fail fell fair fire file第15页ReadingaloudPayspecialattentiontothepronunciationofEnglishDiphthongs.Your Sense of TastenTaste is one of our five senses.The others are hearing,sight,touch,and smell.You hear with your ears,you see with your eyes,and you taste things with your tongue.第16页/p/-/b/t/-/d/k/-/g/p/-/b/t/-/d/k/-/g/三组爆破音！三组爆破音！putpubtakegoodcakebutbooktaptapedogkitecatshapepetbegbake第17页/p/-/b/t/-/d/k/-/g/p/-/b/t/-/d/k/-/g/爆破音中清辅音，在/s/后被浊化。即/s/+/p/b/springspyspacespeakspread/s/+/t/d/standstaystillstickstylestudent/s/+/k/g/skyskillskirtskypeescapeschool第18页失去爆破和不完全爆破：（Rule1）爆破音+爆破音当一个爆破音后面紧跟着另一个爆破音时，前面爆破音不发生爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，只作发音姿势，刚要发出时，马上发出第二个爆破音。这种现象叫做失去爆破失去爆破.what time goodbye bedtime big kite第19页（Rule2）爆破音爆破音+摩擦音或破擦音摩擦音或破擦音（摩擦音：/f,v,s,z,r,h/）（破擦音：/ts,dz,tr,dr,t,d/）鼻辅音：/m,n,/（舌边音：/l/）当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个摩擦音或破擦音时，前面爆破音只作部分爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，作好发音姿势，刚发出时，马上过渡到第二个摩擦音或破擦音上去。第一个爆破音发出声音是非常轻微，有时甚至听不出来。这种现象叫做不完全不完全爆破爆破。picture big jug good child that joke good morning big nation第20页Practice1.Stopdoingthat.2.Seeyouaboutfour,then.3.SometimesImakemistakesinspelling.4.Icantunderstandthisword.5.Idontthinkmyhusbandwouldletmedothat.第21页/f/v/咬唇音！fish five film finger fifteenvery voice visit vocation vividvery voice visit vocation vivid 第22页/s/z/s sun eaun eas st wet wes st t S Six ix s silly illy hahas s pri prize ze hi his s ro rose se第23页/咬舌音！咬舌音！t three thank think thousand hree thank think thousand that that there there weatherweather father father/和和/s/区分区分 mousemouth mousemouth sick-thick sick-thick force-forth force-forth 第24页/sheshipsheepfishshyshineshrinkcashThisshopsellsfashionableshirts.Shesellsfreshfishfromtheocean.第25页Readthefollowingtonguetwister:She sells seashells on the seashore.She sells seashells on the seashore.The shells she sells are seashells Im sure.The shells she sells are seashells Im sure.If she sells seashells on the seashore,If she sells seashells on the seashore,Then she sells seashore shells.Then she sells seashore shells.第26页/shapeshameshineshowshouldmeasurepleasureoccasionpersuasion第27页/t/d/chairchildchildrenchurchorangeagelargecollegejuice第28页/t/d/orangeagelargecollegejuicejeepjustjokejumpalargecollegeEveryJackhashisJill.Jack,justgivemealargejarofjam.JimandJohnenjoythejuiceverymuch.第29页/tr/dr/treetrytriptrouserstraincountrydrivedreamdrydresshundredstrong第30页/ts/dz/catskitesstreetsputsfightsneedshandsfriendsbirdsthousandsI saw lots and lots of cats and kites.I saw lots and lots of cats and kites.The guards killed thousands and thousands of birds and The guards killed thousands and thousands of birds and cats.cats.第31页/m/n/mymemoneymostmouthsomeroomcombhimnewnightnamenownoonmoonkindfinewineEnglishsingsongthingfingerwing第32页/l/-/n/lightnightlineninelionlikeNikelabor-neighborlowknowleadneed第33页/n/-/sinsingthingsunsonsonggivengivingclean-cling第34页/l/late like look sleep loud lunch letter library elephant Lily late like look sleep loud lunch letter library elephant Lily small girl little middle school people beautiful wonderfulsmall girl little middle school people beautiful wonderful 第35页B.连读连读(Linking)：在连贯语流中，前一个词在连贯语流中，前一个词尾辅音尾辅音和后面紧跟词和后面紧跟词词首是元音词首是元音时，就时，就自然地拼在一起读，这称之为连读自然地拼在一起读，这称之为连读,如：如：a lot of,one o f us,most o f us,all o f us,look a t it,a map of China,an exercise-book,half a n hour Can you speak English or French?第36页在以字母在以字母r（或（或re）结尾词中）结尾词中，r（或（或re）普通是不发音。但假如后面词）普通是不发音。但假如后面词词首是元音时词首是元音时,r（或（或re）就发）就发/r/音，音，并与后面词词首元音并与后面词词首元音连读连读，如：，如：a pair of shoes,for a long time Where(r)is he?There(r)i s a book on the desk.连读是连贯、较快语流中一个自然连读是连贯、较快语流中一个自然产生现象产生现象,不要有意为连读而连读。不要有意为连读而连读。有时连句子本身都还读得不太流利却故有时连句子本身都还读得不太流利却故意连读意连读,反而影响了语流流畅反而影响了语流流畅,甚至混甚至混淆了意思或让人家根本听不懂你说是淆了意思或让人家根本听不懂你说是什么。比如：什么。比如：Try it over and over again.第37页 连读：连读：音同化音同化(Assimilation)在连贯言语中词在连贯言语中词,不是一个一个孤立不是一个一个孤立地来读地来读,它们几乎总是相互结合着出它们几乎总是相互结合着出现。所以它们在语流中有可能受现。所以它们在语流中有可能受相互相互间影响间影响而产生种种而产生种种语音改变语音改变,音同化音同化就是其中一个。就是其中一个。音同化就是一个音音同化就是一个音因为受了另外一个相邻音影响而发因为受了另外一个相邻音影响而发成了这两个音之外第三个音。成了这两个音之外第三个音。第38页 a.j 与与 t 相邻时，相邻时，j 受了邻音受了邻音 t 影影响响变变成成了了 音音,与与 t 一一起起组组成成了了t,比比 如如：Glad to meet you.中中 mi:t ju在在 连连 贯贯 性性 说说 话话 中中 可可 读读 成成 mi:tu。又如：。又如：Dont you know her?中中 duntju:能够读成能够读成 duntju:。再再如如：I thought you would come.能能够够读读成成 ai :tu wud km.第39页 b.j 与与 d 相邻时相邻时,j 受了邻音受了邻音 d 影响变成了影响变成了 ,与与 d 一起构一起构 成了成了d,比如：比如：Did you do it?中中 did ju:能够读成能够读成 didu:。又如：又如：Would you like to go with me?能够读成能够读成 wu du:laik t u wi mi:?再如：再如：Could you help me?能够读成能够读成 ku du:hel(p)mi:?第40页强读和弱读：英语中大约有50个最惯用单音节词，如a,of,the,and,from,as，must等，他们每个词都有两种或两种以上不一样形式读音，一个形式叫强读，其它叫弱读。第41页and/nd/nd/n/E.g.Youandme/Ladiesandgentlemenof/v/,/v/,/v/,/f/E.g.acupofteaare /a:/,/E.g.Thedaysareshorter.Weakforms:第42页1.大多数有弱读形式单词中，元音都变成了大多数有弱读形式单词中，元音都变成了/。at/t/as/z/had/hd/and/nd/n/must/mst/us/s/but/bt/can/kn/第43页2.有少数几个单词弱读形式有少数几个单词弱读形式由由/i:/变成了变成了/i/。bebeenme第44页Readthefollowingexamples:inaminuteImcoming.inandoutHesatandate.breadandbutterasoldasyouShehasbeenout.HedoesbutIdont.Youcangonow.第45页2.SentenceStressInanormalEnglishsentence,certainwordsarestressedandcertainwordsareunstressed.Content Words Content Words n.v.adj.adv.number,some pron.(this,that,what)Form WordsForm Words (Function Word)article,auxil.v.,conjunction,prep 第46页句子重音句子重音 SentenceStress句子重音普通规则句子重音普通规则实词重读实词重读 虚词不重读虚词不重读名词名词 普通都重读普通都重读 Thereisabookonthedesk.Mysisterputupapictureonthewall.Johnwantstoseetheteacherafterclass.Anelephantisananimal.第47页代词代词常重读代词有常重读代词有 1 1指示代词指示代词ThisisnotwhatImean.ThatisnttheoneIaskedfor.Doyouliketheseflowers?但如指示代词前后都有重音时，该指示代词可失去重音但如指示代词前后都有重音时，该指示代词可失去重音Howdoyoulikethoselittleones?Whowrote thisinterestingstory?第48页2.名词性物主代词名词性物主代词Yoursismuchnicerthanmine.Theredoneishis.但在双重全部格中，物主代词往往不重读但在双重全部格中，物主代词往往不重读Imwritingtoafriendofmine.3.强调代词强调代词Isawitmyself.Themanhimselftoldmeso.4疑问代词疑问代词Whoareyoutalkingto?WhatcanIdoforyou?Whocametoseeyouthismorning?第49页 形容词（包含分词作形容词）普通都应重读形容词（包含分词作形容词）普通都应重读 数词普通都应重读数词普通都应重读Thestreetsarewide,cleanandbeautiful.Thisnarrowvalleywasthesceneofafamous battle.Hisfirstdaughterisfifteen.Itsadullanddisappointingfilm.Thatsexcitingnews.Theworriedmanenteredthecrowdedstreet.HeboughttencupsandIboughtonlyfour.第50页动词动词 主要动词，或称实意动词、行为动词主要动词，或称实意动词、行为动词（notionalverb）都要重读都要重读(be、have除外除外)Hetakesawalkaftersuppereveryday.Dontforgetyourhomework.Isupposeyouknowhim.第51页 助动词和情态动词与助动词和情态动词与not组成缩略式要重读组成缩略式要重读 (该类词在必定句中不重读该类词在必定句中不重读)Idont wanttogotheretoday.HewasntsurprisedwhenItoldhimthenews.Wecantstayanylonger.Dont youthinkyoushouldnt saysuchthings?Wemustdoitnow,mustntwe?cannot不缩写成不缩写成cant 时，重音也在时，重音也在can上上Icannotagreewithhim.第52页然而Do用于必定句中表示强调时，总是重读用于必定句中表示强调时，总是重读Idohopethiswillbeeffective.Hedoesneedyourhelp.Wedidwarnyoubefore.DodropinwhenyouareinXuzhou.第53页以上几类通常不重读动词（以上几类通常不重读动词（be,have,be,have,情态动词）用于简短回答，情态动词）用于简短回答，或其后省略了主要动词时，要重读或其后省略了主要动词时，要重读;用于普通疑问句句首有时重读，但在用于普通疑问句句首有时重读，但在 比较随便谈话中无须重读比较随便谈话中无须重读 ()Haveyouanybrothersandsisters?Yes,Ihave.()Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam.()Canyoucomethisafternoon?Yes,Ican.Hesaidmorethanheshouldatthemeeting.Idontwanttogothere,butImust.第54页副词普通都重读副词普通都重读 Theycamebackearlyyesterday.Wheredidyoubuyit?Whydoyoucome?Youmeetpeopleeverywhere.Iveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.Perhapsshellarrivetonight.Tellhimtocomein.Acardashedpast.Thankyouforcomingtoseemeoff.第55页但关系副词不重读但关系副词不重读Hevisitedthesmallvillagewherehewasborn.Theycamerightatthetimewhenweneededtheirhelp.Thisisthereasonwhytheyfailed.第56页介词在句首时常可重读介词在句首时常可重读 Onhiswayhomehemetanoldfriend.Intheroomtheyfoundalittleboy.Underthetreestandsatallman.第57页感叹词感叹词感叹词是表示某种感情自然普通都重读感叹词是表示某种感情自然普通都重读 Ah!Oh!Ugh!uhEh?Fancy!Goodness!Nonsense!Hello!Indeed!Howawful!但假如后面紧跟一个有强重音词，单音节但假如后面紧跟一个有强重音词，单音节感叹词能够不重读，但音调很高感叹词能够不重读，但音调很高Ahno!Ohwell!Ohdear!第58页不合乎语句重音普通规律例外情况不合乎语句重音普通规律例外情况任何原来有句子重音词，假如上文刚出现过，第二次提任何原来有句子重音词，假如上文刚出现过，第二次提到时普通不应重读到时普通不应重读-Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenthere?-Threetimes.Theboyshoutedtotheotherboys.-Theywantstrongmen.-Verywell.Iamstrong.StudyasLeninstudied.AnewcommitteehasbeensetupandDrLiisonthecommittee.第59页名词名词 street在街名中不重读在街名中不重读 OxfordStreetDowningStreetEighthStreetWallStreet但但road,avenue,lane,way,hill,town,park,palace等词在街名地名中都要重读等词在街名地名中都要重读YorkRoadMichiganAvenueChanceryLaneWestLakeHydeParkBuckinghamPalaceHamptonCourt第60页第61页