2016届高三英语阅读理解考点复习题25.doc

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四川省成都市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练80集连载（8）及（解析）答案

2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible．Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel．It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too．It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving．On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting．A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic condition．But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough．Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous．Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time．The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to．It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies (奶奶).
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings．Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive．Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users．It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
1．According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by .
A．road conditions B．the behavior of the drivers
C．the speed of modern life D．the large number of cars
2．In the writer’s opinion, .
A．unskillful drivers should be punished
B．strict traffic rules are badly needed
C．drivers should show road politeness properly
D. drivers should avoid traffic jams
3． The underlined word “give-and-take” in the passage means .
A．politeness and impoliteness
B．good manners and bad manners
C．willingness to give in to each other’s wishes
D．offering help to others as much as possible
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Traffic Problems B．Road Politeness
C．Bad Manners on the Road D．Good Drivers and Bad Drivers
参考答案1—4、BCCB

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Top lists are lecturing people on everything from “100 places to visit” to “100 books to read”. Aren't you just tired of being told what to do with your time?
Now you have a list to end all lists!
Take a look at the following two examples from the list of “101 things not to do”：
Swim with Dolphins(海豚)?
Swimming with dolphins is one of the world's most profitable tourist activities.However, not every dolphin will welcome having their busy, tiring day interrupted by tourists screaming and pushing around them in the water. Worse yet, when dolphins get too near to the boats loaded with tourists, they could get caught up in ropes and killed by propellers(螺旋桨)．
Here's a little secret. Dolphins look like smiling at you, but actually they're just opening their mouths.
Go to See the Mona Lisa?
There must be something about the mysterious(神秘的) smile. The 6 million people who visit the lady in the Louvre every year can't all be wrong, after all. But they can be quite annoying, standing in front of you; holding up their cameras to prevent you from seeing anything. In fact, it is hard for you to see the painting clearly because you have to stay away from it for security reasons. After queuing for hours, many tourists can remain in front of the painting only for 15 seconds at most.
If the mysterious lady in the picture knew her fate, she wouldn't just be smiling, she'd be laughing.
So, still long to see the Mona Lisa? If you want to find out more about the list, read 101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die. Visit www.not2dobeforeidie.co.uk and buy the book at a 20% discount.
1. According to the passage, swimming with dolphins ________.
A. is the world's most popular tourist activity
B. gives fun to both tourists and dolphins
C. will make tourists busy and tired
D. can cause danger to dolphins
2. What does the author think about going to see Mona Lisa?
A. It is wrong to go and see the mysterious smile.
B. It is not as satisfying as expected.
C. Fifteen seconds in front of the painting is enough.
D. Queuing for hours is worthwhile.
3. The list of “101 things not to do” is made most probably because its author ________.
A. thinks it boring to do the things suggested by other lists
B. believes other lists are not humorous enough
C. intends to persuade people to read more lists
D．wants to provide a list different from other lists
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To advertise a book.
B. To introduce a website.
C. To comment on popular lists.
D. To recommend tourist activities.
【要点综述】该篇短文前面否定“100 lists to do”的种种弊端，最后推出自己的101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die，很明显是一则常见的广告。
1. D　细节理解题。从Swim with Dolphins下面材料中的第一段最后一句可知和海豚一起游泳会给海豚带来危险。
2. B　细节理解题。在Go to See the Mona Lisa的材料中，作者反复论证了go to see the Mona Lisa的诸多弊端，每年大量的游客前往参观，个人不可能有预想的观赏效果。
3. D　推理判断题。该文采取先抑后扬的写作技巧，其目的是要提出不同的观点。
4. A　写作意图题。该篇材料最后点出写作目的，即为101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die打广告。

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In business, there's a speed difference：It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three­year period.
How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower­quality products and services.
In our study, higher­performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.
Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.
提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。
1．What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?
A．Increase the speed. B．Get an advantage.
C．Reach the limit. D．Set a goal.
答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。
2．The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．spending more time and performing worse
B．spending more time and performing better
C．spending less time and performing worse
D．spending less time and performing better
答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选D。
3. What can we learn from the text?
A．How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.
B．How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.
C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.
D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.
答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。
4．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．Improve quality? Serve better. B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.
C．Reduce time? Move faster. D．Need speed? Slow down.
答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。

2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
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Academic English is for students who want to take the IELTS exam or for those who need to use English in a professional area. Monday to Friday: 4 :00 pm to 5: 00 pm, $ 320 per week.
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Why not make the most of your time studying in Australia with the help from TIES? We have High School ESL classes each week specifically designed for international students. Tuesday to Friday: 8 : 00 am to 11 : 00 am, $ 25 per hour.
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Do you want to improve your English and get the best possible results in your GRE test? We have two night classes each week designed to meet your needs. Tuesday to Thursday evenings: 8 : 30 pm to 10 : 30 pm. $ 60 per day.
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If you are interested in some One on One lessons with TIES teachers, we can design a course to meet your needs. One on One lessons can improve your English 1anguage skills more quickly and help students who want to take TOEFL. Tuesday and Friday : 2 : 00 pm to 5: 00 pm, $ 80 per hour.
Please click here to learn more about the courses!
1. Which course would be helpful for an English beginner?
A. High School ESL B. General English C. Night Classes D. Academic English
2. How much will you pay if you spend two weeks taking the Night Classes?
A. $ 360 B. $ 300. C. $600. D. $240.
3. If you want to learn more about the courses mentioned in the text，you can
A. make a call B. write an email
C. visit the website D. submit an application
参考答案1—3、BAC

2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
BIRDS can fly----- this is something that we take for granted. But have you ever thought about how they developed this amazing ability?
It may be impossible for us to go back in time in person to witness how it happened，but scientists from Yale University，US，studied the fossils of ancient birds. These fossils are like recorded tapes of ancient times that took the scientists back 150 million years.
Back then, there lived a kind of animal known as the Archaeopteryx. It is considered to be the earliest bird because it had feathers and wings-----the key factors for a bird to fly. Meanwhile, it also had features of a reptile，such as teeth in its mouth, claws on its wings，and a long，bony tail，which means the ancestors of birds were probably reptiles.
In order to escape from dangerous animals, reptiles leaped from tree to tree. They gradually grew feathers on their arms so they could leap a little farther, then a little farther still. However, they were far from becoming true fliers because their wings and feathers were quite different from those of birds today.
Looking closely at the fossils, scientists found that ancient feathers contained many layers of long feathers, like a penguin's. This made the wings rather heavy and difficult for birds to move up and down. “We don't think these things could take off from the ground," said Nicholas Longrich, of Yale University, lead author of the study. “They can’t fly like a modern bird.”
This is why scientists concluded that early feathers were only used by birds to glide (滑翔)from high trees, or keep warm, or maybe as camouflage (伪装),but not flying, according to National Geographic.
Over the next millions of years, the evolution of feathers never stopped. Birds developed wings that included a layer of long feathers covered with short feathers on top. This structure allowed birds to separate their feathers more easily to create wider span (翼展）and to change directions in midair. They have also grown special wrist bones so that they can spread their wings when flying and fold them into their sides when walking.
"This new research is throwing light not just on how birds came to fly, but more specially on how feathers came to be the way they are today---one of the most amazing and highly specialized structures in nature," said Jakob Vinther, from the University of Bristol UK.
1. According to the article, scientists conclude that early birds__________。
A. could already fly high B. only used feathers to keep warm
C. could only leap and glide D. could easily open their wings wide
2. Modern birds are different from their ancestors in that________。
A. they have layers of long feathers
B. they have special wrist bones so that they can change directions in midair
C. they have a layer of long feathers topped with a layer of short feathers
D. they have teeth in the mouth and long bony tails
3. W