高三英语第一轮闯关复习题5.doc

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闯关式训练板块
基础过关
Ⅰ.词语运用
用所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
be made up of　take away　benefit　round up　depend on　classify...into...　promote　born　make an attempt　be based on
1. The price______ the quality.
2. Nothing can ______ from what you have today now.
3. Our school ______ two main parts, the senior part and the junior one.
4. He _______ the tourists and took them back to the coach.
5. It is said that the invention of his will ______ the people living in this area. 
6. Our great achievements _______ what we did in the past and do today.
7. _______ her stamps _______ groups in her spare time is her great pleasure.
8. We all admired him for his_______ in the company recently.
9. Diana was _______ into an aristocratic family.
10. There were a lot of _______ we humans _______ in man’s flight history.
答案：1.depends on　2.be taken away3.is made up of　4.rounded up　5.benefit
6.are based on　7.Classifying,into8.promotion　9.born　10. attempts, made
Ⅱ.单项填空
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
11. The main reason for the population growth isn’t so much as a rise in birth rates______ a fall in death rates as result of improvement in medical care.
A. than　　　 B. as　　　 C. more than　　 　D. or
答案:B
解析:本题考查比较结构用于抽象意义的用法。该句要表达“人口增长主要是由于医学进步而使得死亡率下降这个因素，而不是因为出生率上升了”。
12. She went to the game late._______, she left her ticket at home.
A. What’s more B. That is
C. On the contrary D. To make things worse
答案:D
解析:“更糟糕的是”，作插入语。
13. There _______ no fun _______ the evening watching TV.
A. is; to spend B. are; to spend
C. is; spending D. are; spending
答案:C
解析:fun为不可数名词，后跟doing。
14. We went to visit Mr Smith and he took us on a ______ of the town.
A. trip B. tour C. travel D. journey
答案:B
解析:表“观光”。
15. Tremendous preparations are _______ the president’s visit.
A. being made B. being made for
C. making D. making for
答案:B
解析:make preparations for sth.是固定结构。
16. The money was on the table and no one was there, so he_______ himself to it.
A. devoted B. treated
C. took D. helped
答案:D
解析:help sb. to sth.表示“自己吃……；随便拿……”。
17. Our ______ from Beijing to Shanghai is by way of Nanjing.
A. way B. road C. route D. routine
答案:C
解析:“路线”。
18. Mr Jones has been_______ manager of the Sales Department.
A. pointed B. appointed
C. regarded D. done
答案:B
解析:“任命，委派”，等同于make。
19. My aunt passed ______ at an old age.
A. away B. by C. down D. off
答案:A
解析:pass away“死亡”，pass by“经过，避开”，pass down“把……传给后代”，pass off“消逝，顺利进行”。
20. If he goes on like this, I’m sure he’ll involve himself ______ serious trouble.
A. in B. with C. at D. for
答案:A
解析:involve sb. in sth.“把某人卷入……”。
21. If anyone owns this ring, will he please come forward and_______ it?
A. get B. take C. claim D. have
答案:C
解析:claim指“认领”。
22. The girls each other in that they both have fair hair and round faces.
A. like B. resemble
C. alike D. likely
答案:B
解析:此处需动词表“相像”。
23. He became a famous scientist but only______ of his health.
A. for the benefit B. as a consequence
C. as a result D. at the expense
答案:D
解析:for the benefit of“为了……的利益，好处”，as a consequence of 与as a result of基本同义，“作为……的结果”，at the expense of“以……为代价”。
24. If the sun’s energy______ , we shall save much of our oil and coal.
A. will be made full use of
B. is made full use of
C. is made full use
D. will be made full use
答案:B
解析:本题考查被动语态，注意介词不可少。
25. Plague______ in that country in the late 1850s and hundreds died. 
A. took place B. broke out
C. came about D. happened
答案:B
解析:指战争、火灾、争吵等爆发应用“break out”。take place多指事情的发生是按意图或计划进行的。come about好坏事均可表示。happen使用最广，有“偶然发生，非计划”之意。
26. Who can you turn to for help, if not ______?
A. him B. he C. his D. himself
答案:A
解析:把后半句补充完整即为“if you don’t turn to him for help”。
27.—It is said that Mary was caught stealing in a supermarket.
—It just doesn’t______ true. Why would she do a thing like that?
A. come B. make C. sound D. like
答案:C
解析:sound true“听起来像真的”。
28.—Could you pass me the book?
—Sorry, I______ .Would you please say it again?
A. haven’t listened B. hadn’t listened
C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening
答案:D
解析:表示“刚才你说的时候我不在听”。
29. A house built of stones lasts longer than______ built of wood. 
A. it B. that C. one D. the one
答案:C
解析:one=a house。
30. If______ , the experiment will be successful.
A. carefully doing B. it done carefully
C. carefully done D. doing carefully
答案:C
解析:状语的逻辑主语为“the experiment”，与done构成被动关系。
Ⅲ.单句改错
31. The children surrounded the old man were listening to him telling the old stories.
32. We put a fence round the garden to keep the chickens away.
33. This gave birth in private property and led to differences of rich and poor.
34. She was feeding the dog to bread. 
35. It is generally believed that teaching is so much an art as it is a science.
36. Suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
37. In the past few decades, our government had done a lot to control the inflation.
38. Stepped carelessly along the street, he was knocked down by a bike.
39. His lecture was designed to illustrate his idea concerned the influence of environment upon plants.
40. Some nature clubs are run by students aging between 12 and 25.
答案：31.surrounded→surrounding　32.away→out　33.in→to　34.to→with　 35.so→as　 36.suffered前加Having 37.had→has38.Stepped→Stepping　 39.concerned→concerning　 40.aging→aged
综合提升
Ⅳ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in　the world. 　41　springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the　42　areas like the desert. The control is possible even without possession of large areas of43　land. In the early days of the American West, gun fights were not44　for the water resources(资源).And laws had to be45　to protect the water rights of the46and the use of the water resources accordingly.
　47　is known to us all, there is not　48water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes. Deciding on the49　 of water that will be used in any particular period50　careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more　51　.Farmers have to change their use or demand for water52　the water supply forecast.
The　53　 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the　54　than from the below. Interest is　55　in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain56　.With special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be57　,and with the help of a repeater station, they send the58　data(数据) to the base station. The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by59　a button. In the near future, the forecast and use of water60probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains, not of water underground. 
41. A. Using B. Holding C. Owning D. Finding
42. A. dry B. distant
C. deserted D. wild
43. A. fine B. beautiful
C. rich D. farming
44. A. unlawfu l B. unacceptable
C. unpopular D. uncommon
45. A. made B. designed
C. signed D. written
46. A. winners B. settlers
C. fighters D. supporters
47. A. That B. It C. What D. As
48. A. plentiful B. enough C. any D. much 
49. A. type B. quality
C. amount D. level
50. A. requests B. requires
C. means D. suggests
51. A. effectively B. easily
C. conveniently D. actively
52. A. leading to B. due to
C. owing to D. according to
53. A. correct B. further C. average D. early
54. A. clouds B. sky C. air D. above
55. A. raising B. rising C. building D. lasting
56. A. rocks B. tips C. tops D. trees
57. A. taken care of B. made use of
C. piled up D. saved up
58. A. picked B. produced
C. used D. gathered
59. A. touching B. knocking
C. pressing D. turning
60. A. might B. can C. will D. should
参考答案：文章大意：本文主要讲述了珍惜水资源的重要性及开发水资源的一些方法。
41.答案:C
解析:own与后文“even without possession of...”对应。
42.答案:A
解析:后面有“like the desert”，自然是干旱缺水地区。deserted指“被遗弃的 无人居住的”，无缺水之意。distant 指“遥远的”，wild指“荒凉的”。
43.答案:C
答案:rich修饰土地指“肥沃，丰饶”，与前面的“the dry areas”形成对比。
44.答案:D
解析:为了说明前文可用水资源的重要性而举例，在美国西部，早期人们为了争夺水资源而发生枪战并不少见。
45.答案:A
解析:制定法律用“make laws”，sign指“签署文件”。
46.答案:B
解析:settlers指居住在当地的人。
47.答案:D
解析:本题考查as引导的特殊定语从句，也可表达成“as we all know”。
48.答案:B
解析:plentiful意为“丰富的，很多的”，而enough有“足够的”之意。
49.答案:C
解析:既然水资源有限，我们就要对用水量进行有计划的安排。
50.答案:B
解析:request表示“请求”，require表示“要求，需要”。此处表示必要性。
51.答案:A
解析:用排除法。只有effectively“有效率的”符合句意。
52.答案:D
解析:为了将水资源进行有效地利用，农夫们就根据水源预报来安排工作。比如，预报说明水源紧张，那他们就不能大面积灌溉田地了。lead to“导致，引起”，owing to和due to均表示“由于……”。
53.答案:A
解析:预报要有一定的准确度才能起到良好的效果。
54.答案:D
解析:与后面的“from the below”对应。根据后文描述，water from the above指下文谈到的人工降雨和化雪为水得来的水，water from the below指地下水。
55.答案:B
解析:由于水资源的缺乏，人们对于人工引水及造水方法的兴趣正在提高。raise为及物动词，rise为不及物动词。
56.答案:C
解析:指山顶。tip指“尖端”。
57.答案:B
解析:指“利用”。
58.答案:D
解析:the gathered data“收集到的数据”。
59.答案:C
解析:press“压，按”。
60.答案:C
解析:probably常与will连用，possibly常与can 或could连用。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theatre. With opening night only a week ago, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.
As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers. Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.
About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.
Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found. 
Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pull up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eye. “Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.
It was nearly 3 A. m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that night, but I had gotten my wallet back. I also had gotten back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.
61. How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?
A. Cold and sick.
B. Fortunate and helpful.
C. Satisfied and cheerful.
D. Disappointed and helpless.
62. From the first paragraph, we learn that the write was busy______ .
A. solving her problem at the bank
B. taking part in various city activities
C. learning acting in an evening school
D. preparing for the first night show
63. On her way home the writer______ .
A. lost her wallet unknowingly
B. was stopped by a garbage truck driver
C. was robbed of her wallet by an armed man
D. found some homeless people following her
64. In the fifth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming?
A. Someone offered to take her back home.
B. A red-haired man came to see her.
C. She heard someone call her name.
D. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck.
65. From the text, we can infer that the writer_______ .
A. would stop working at night
B. would stay on in San Francisco
C. would make friends with cleaners
D. would give up her job at the bank
参考答案：文章大意：本文主人公由于不能适应城市节奏而失望灰心正打算离开城市时，无意丢失钱包，恰被好心人拾得并归还，从而让她有了在城市生活下去的信心。本文情节起伏不大，但大转折的结尾似乎出乎意料又在情理之中。
61.答案:D
解析:第二段有“I felt very small and cold.”，可知A选项sick 不合适，况且只表达了表层含义。第一段句末有“City life had become too much for me.”，可知作者工作不顺利，灰心丧气。
62.解析:D
答案:用排除法可得。只有D项有根据：“after a tiring practice at the theatre”。
63.答案:A
解析:由原文“I heard a sound behind me” “Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.”可知。
64.答案:C
解析:作者听到有人喊她的名字，还以为是做梦，因为一个陌生人“How could this man know my name?”。
65.答案:B
解析:根据文章最后一句，这次经历让她重拾对生活的信心。
Ⅵ.书面表达
假设你是医生，收到李华的信后，你在2010年2月6日给他回信，提出如下建议：
1.尽量少吃肉和甜食，多吃蔬菜。
2.多参加体育活动。
3.身体的胖瘦是一种自然现象，不必为此苦恼，重要的是趁年轻多学些知识。
注意：
1.书信内容要包括以上三点。
2.词数：100词左右。
参考答案：
Dear Li Hua, February 6, 2010
I’m sorry to learn about your trouble. It’s very impolite of your schoolmates to make fun of you. I think it’s more important for a person to learn knowledge than to talk about others’ things. So you have no need to care(about) what they said or did.
If you want to lose your weight, I suggest you eat less sweet food and eat more green vegetables such as carrot, cabbage. They’ll help you lose weight. At the same time, you’d better take more exercise. Bicycling and swimming are very useful for losing weight. Going to b