综合英语4unit2市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Space Invader第1页第2页On the subway,open spaces create a zone of comfort.第3页Armrests on a long bench in Central Park allow for ample breathing room.第4页InUnionSquare,afewfeetbetweenwomengoesalongwaytowardeasingtensionsaboutbeinginabusyarea.第5页SPACE INVADERSPre-readingquestionsWhat is the definition of“personal space”?Is personal space important to you?Why or why not?Are there any examples when you have felt that your personal space was being invaded.Can you describe these?How did you feel when this happened?第6页What is personal space?Personal space can be viewed as an extension of the human body.Therere different types/zones of personal space.What are them?There are four distinct zones of personal space:the intimate zone,for whispering and embracing;the personal zone,for conversing with close friends;the social zone,for conversing with acquaintances;and the public zone,for interacting with strangers.第7页Personal space can be imagined as a kind of bubble surrounding a person that protects his or her privacy and which other people may not normally enter.Allowing somebody to get very close and enter your personal space may be a sign of trust or love.On the other hand,intruding others personal space can be rather offensive.The amount of space people need to feel around them varies with various factors,such as culture,sex,familiarity between people,crowdedness of the situation,etc.For example:Cultural information 1Audiovisual supplementCultural information第8页 people from cultures that like a lot of personal space feel awkward and embarrassed when somebody comes too close to them;people of the same sex may sit or stand closer to each other than to somebody of the opposite sex;strangers and casual acquaintances usually need more space than friends and members of the same family who know each other well;in a noisy street people may need to stand closer than they would normally,simply in order to hear each other.Cultural information 2Audiovisual supplementCultural information第9页Is“personalspace”atermoftheseventies?Isitoutofdatenowadays?Canyouthinkofanyothertroublewehavenowadays?第10页Structural analysisPart I(Paragraphs 1 2):The writer calls the readers attention to the invasion of personal space by relating an experience of how his personal space was invaded.Part II(Paragraphs 3 7):The writer analyzes some likely causes of the shrinkage of personal space,and attributes the invasion of personal space to the general decline of good manners.Part III(Paragraph 8 9):The author presents his view about the essence of personal space,i.e.it is psychological,rather than physical,and urges people to“expand the contracting boundaries of personal space”.第11页1.until we were all hugger-mugger.like a Slinky.(Paragraph 1)2.The phrase“personal space”has a quaint,.(Paragraph 2)3.Ive wondered if its the season:,much less).(Paragraph 4)4.Or perhaps the proliferation.keep to themselves.(Paragraph 4)5.we allow all kinds.without them.)(Paragraph 5)6.“Dont tread on me”.with a spread.(Paragraph 5)第12页7.The logistics of it vary according to geography.(Paragraph 5)8.The decline of manners has been widely lamented.(Paragraph 6)9.Ive also noticed an.manifest destiny.(Paragraph 7)10.individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.(Paragraph 7)11.personal space is psychological,not physical:.inner space.(Paragraph 8)12.In the same way that the breeze.boundaries of personal space.(Paragraph 9)第13页Detailed reading1 until we were 1.until we were all hugger-mugger against each other,the original lazy line having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.(Paragraph 1)Paraphrase:until we were all pushing against each other,leaving the line in disorder.Detailed reading2.The phrase“personal space”has a quaint,seventies ring to it.(Paragraph 2)The phrase“personal space”sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the seventies.Paraphrase:第14页Detailed reading4.Ive wondered 3.Ive wondered if its the season:T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring(or much,much less).(Paragraph 4)Paraphrase:.it has passed through my mind that maybe the cause(of the space invasion)is the season:summer may make people want to be closer to those whose physical attraction is revealed by light summer clothing(though it may also make them wish to move further away from those smelling unpleasantly of perspiration).Detailed reading第15页Detailed reading4 Or perhaps 4.Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan is infusing so much caffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves.(Paragraph 4)Paraphrase:Or perhaps the increasing coffee bars in Manhattan.attract more and more people,who are stimulated and excited by the caffeine they take in,so that they become eager to meet others and no longer want to remain in private.Detailed reading第16页Detailed reading5 we allow5.we allow all kinds of invasions of personal space in private.(Humanity wouldnt exist without them.)(Paragraph 5)Paraphrase:privately we allow people with whom we have close relationships to enter our personal space in a variety of ways.(Indeed,in the absence of sexual intimacy,none of us would be here.)Detailed reading第17页Detailed reading5 The logistics 7.The logistics of it vary according to geography.(Paragraph 5)Paraphrase:People in different regions are given different sizes of personal space.Detailed reading6.“Dont tread on me”could have been coined only by someone with a spread.(Paragraph 5)“Dont step into my space.”This could only have been invented by people who have a farm and thus a large space all their own.Paraphrase:第18页Detailed reading6 The decline of 8.The decline of manners has been widely lamented.(Paragraph 6)Paraphrase:Many have expressed regret at the deterioration of manners.Detailed reading第19页Detailed reading7 Ive also noticed 9.Ive also noticed an increase in the ranks of what I think of as space invaders,mini-territorial expansionists who seize public space with a sense of manifest destiny.(Paragraph 7)Paraphrase:Ive also noticed that the problem of space invasion has become more and more serious,and that space invaders,acting in the way territorial expansionists usually do,take it for granted that they have the right to seize public space.Detailed reading第20页Detailed reading6-7.individuals routinely 10.individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.(Paragraph 7)Paraphrase:.individuals,as usual,occupy the booths and seats which are designed for four people.Detailed reading第21页Detailed reading8 personal space 11.personal space is psychological,not physical:it has less to do with the space outside us than with our inner space.(Paragraph 8)Paraphrase:.personal space is more a psychological matter than a physical one.As far as we feel comfortable in our mind,it does not matter whether our physical personal space is large or small.Detailed reading第22页Detailed reading9 In the same 12.In the same way that the breeze from a butterflys wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California,I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space.(Paragraph 9)Paraphrase:The author hopes that his own stand against the shrinking of personal space,while small in itself,will nonetheless eventually have a dramatic effect in the same way as the breeze from a butterflys wings in Japan,if it initiates a chain of waves,may eventually produce a tidal wave in California.Detailed reading第23页Detailed study-Para.1Theauthorisverycarefulwithhischoiceofwordsinhisdescription.Describetheactionsinwords.Aseriesofverbphrasesandadverbsareusedtovividlydescribetheprocess.Text Analysis-PartText Analysis-Part第24页I was at the bankIwasstandinginalinesnakingaroundsometiredvelvetrope.drooping,loosened or slackened第25页AmurderousknifeThosepurposelessdaysCarrieleadsquiteabusylife.西雅图不眠夜SleeplessSeatleTransferredepithet:inwhichanadj.properlymodifyingonenounisshiftedtoanothernouninthesamesentence.Eg:theworkersarerepairingthebuildingonadizzyheight.Hewasashamedofhishumblescoresantheexamination.第26页移位修饰(transferred epithet)将本应该用来修饰某一类名词修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。比如：Therewasashort,thoughtfulsilence.出现了一阵短暂、令人沉思寂静。Theoldmanputareassuringhandonmyshoulder.老人把一只令人安心手放在我肩膀上。Heclosedhisbusylifeattheageofsixty.在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌一生。Thisisthecheapestmarketinthiscountry.这是这个国家最廉价市场了。第27页Vivid description1.amaninasweat-suit;2.me;3.thewomanreadingtheWallStreetJournal;4.themanscribblingacheck;5.white-hairedladyinching towardadvanced towardsidle up toshuffled towardin his eagernessminutelyin mild annoyanceabsent-mindedlyChain effects:cause chaos第28页We were so hugger-mugger.“theoriginallazylinehavingcollapsedinonitselflikeaSlinky.”slow&relaxed;a line that is not straight and ordered原本松松垮垮队伍早已挤做一团，跟压缩弹簧似原本松松垮垮队伍早已挤做一团，跟压缩弹簧似。第29页Slinky as a toy“灵巧鬼灵巧鬼”，一个用软弹簧做成会翻跟头玩具，一个用软弹簧做成会翻跟头玩具第30页slinky as adj.Sextually attractive第31页Self-learning-inch,sidleinch forward,past,through:v.moveslowlyandcarefullyinaspecifieddirectionHeinchedhiswaythroughanarrowpassage.sidle over/up to sb.sidle along,past,away:v.walkinaquietorcautiousway,asifyoudontwantanyonetonoticeyouAmansidleduptomeandaskedifIwantedaticketforthematch.第32页shufflev.walkwithoutliftingyourfeetproperlyoffthegroundHeslippedonhisshoesandshuffledoutoftheroom.shuffle around:v.moveyourfeetaboutwhilestandingormoveyourbottomaroundwhilesitting,oftenbecauseyoufeeluncomfortableorembarrassed.Sheshuffledaroundinherchair.Heshuffled the question offandchangedthetopic.Sheshuffled out ofthechoresbysayingthatshewasill.第33页Translation囚犯们沿着走廊拖着脚步进入牢房。Theprisonersshuffledalongthecorridorandintotheircells.他一向总是能狡猾地摆脱任何困难，我们不知道他这回又要耍什么花招。Hesalwaysbeenabletoshuffle out ofanydifficulty.Wedontknowhowhewilldothistime.物价在迟缓下降.Pricesareinchingdown.第34页Para.2-personal spaceWhatisthewriterspersonalspace?18/1foot/10/”impossibletomeasure”“hasaquaint,seventiesringtoit.”“Likethetwelevelimitaroundnationalshores”“ourindividualborderwhichnostrangercanpenetratewithoutmakingusuneasy”1 inch=2.54 cm1 foot=30cmAnalogy 类比第35页What is“personal space”?“Imaginary bubble”-feel comfortable；“individualboundaryorterrotory”-morephychlogicalthanphisical;Moveable/changeableProxemics(空间关系学空间关系学)The study of the distance between people as they interactIn close proximity to第36页Zones for personal spaceIntimatedistance:(0-1.5feet)betweenclosefriends,familymembers;showaffection,givecomfortorprotect.Personaldistance:(1.5-4feet)mostconversation.Socialdistance/:(4-10feet)lesspersonalsituations,inbusinessorworkshop.Publicdistance:(10feet)lecture,churches,publicgathering.第37页ParaphraseThe phrase“personal space”has a quaint,seventies ring to it,but it is one of those gratifying expressions that are intuitively understood by all human beings.Thephrasesoundsold-fashionedandremindspeopleofseventies,butitisanexpressionthatwillmakepeoplefeelsatisfiedandthatisinstinctivelyunderstood.第38页ringsingularaparticularqualitythatsomethingsuchasastatementseemstohave:Her account has a ring of authenticity about it.have a ring of truth:His version of events had a ring of truth.have a familiar ring:This story may have a familiar ring to it.第39页Text Analysis-Part第40页Para.3-examples of space invasionInourdailylife,canyougivesomeexamplesofpersonalspaceinvasion?Funny examples:how close is too close?Examplesinthetext:Inelevators;onthestreet;onthesubway;inlinesattheairportWedgein,zigzag,jostle,nolongercarveoutzones,pressforward第41页Buses,elevators,theatresandmanyothersimilarplacestendtoreducepersonalspace.Peopleroutinelyfindthemselvesinsuchsituationstendtohavesmallerpersonalspaceandmoretoleranceforspaceinvasion.第42页wedgev.forceintoanarrowspace;fixsth.inpositionbyusingawedgeorsth.else把门打开，用报纸抵住门让它开着。Openthedoorandwedgeitopenwithnewspapers.用一些纸片塞在桌脚,那样它就不会摇摆了.Wedgepiecesofpaperinbetweenthelegandtheflooranditwontbeshakyanymore.我假如不在话，把作业塞进门缝吧。IfImnotin,wedgeyourhomeworkunderthedoor.第43页jostle:v.Itwassosadtheonce-intimatebrothersnowjostledwitheachotherforthelegacyleftbytheirfather.press:v.很多人挤在她身边，她进不了门。Somanypeoplepressedaroundherthatshecouldntgetintothehouse.支持者们围着她，争相要她署名。Fanswerepressingaroundher,alltryingtogetherautograph.第44页Fidget fidget(about)(with sth):v.youkeepmovingyourhandsorfeetslightlyorchangingyourpositionslightly,forexamplebecauseyouarenervous,bored,orexcited.Itisbadmannerstofidgetaboutwiththeknivesandforksattable.她经常为她母亲健康而烦躁不安。Sheisalwaysfidgetingabouthermothershealth.fidgety:adj.restlessorinclinedtofidget第45页Malthusian Logic 马尔萨斯人马尔萨斯人口论口论 ThomasRobertMalthus:Britisheconomistandclergyman.Essay on PopulationHearguedthatwithoutthepracticeof“moralrestraint”thepopulationtendstoincreaseatagreaterratethanitsmeansofsubsistence,unlesswar,famine,ordiseaseoreffortsaremadetolimitpopulation.第46页Paraphrase T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring(or much,much less).Summermayeithermakepeoplewanttobeclosertoeachotherormorelikely,keepadistancebetweeneachother.第47页ManhattanManhattan Island,an island in New York city surrounded by the Hudson,East,and Harlem rivers第48页Language work(Sth)isrelentless:adj.sthbadneverstopsorneverbecomeslessintense.我快要疯了，邻居小孩不停在哭。Therelentlesscryingofachildoftheneighbordriesmecrazy.(Sb)isrelentless:adj.determinedtodosthandrefusetogiveup,evenifwhatisbeingdoneisunpleasantorcruel.Relentlessinhispursuitofknowledge,hebecameawell-respectedscholar.relent:v.decidetobelessstrict,determinedorharshThepressureforustofinishtheprojectintimewillnotrelent.第49页infusevt.Fillwith注入InfusesbwithsthInfusesthintosbHisspeechinfused the men withadesiretowin.第50页Keep toKeeptothepoint;donttrytoshuffleofftheconcernedtopic.Thingswillonlyworkoutifweallkeeptotheplan.Sheisoldandfeeble,sothatshealwayskeepstothehouse.Nobodyknowshimmuchforheusuallykeepstohimself.Iwillbeverygratefulifyoucankeepittoyourself.第51页Para.5-Geographical differencesTheamountofspacepeopleneedtofeelaroundthemvarieswithvariousfactors,suchasculture,sex,familiaritybetweenpeople,crowdednessofthesituation,etc.MorePSlessPSinColorado(US)inCalcutta(India)NorthernHemisphereSouthernHemisphereEnglishmenBraziliansPoint-to-point contrast第52页TreadonTreadonsbstoeTreadonair践踏Someonewithaspread第53页Impudent space invadersIvealsonoticedanincreaseintheranksofwhatIthinkofasspaceinvaders,mini-territorialexpansionistswhoseizethepublicspacewithasenseofmanifestdestiny.Ivealsonoticedthattheproblemofspaceinvasionbecomesmoreandmoreserious,andthosespaceinvaders,actinginthesamewayastheterritorialexpansionistusuallydo,seizepublicspaceasamatterofcourse.第54页Manifest destiny天定命运论天定命运论第55页rankstheranks:thepeoplewhobelongtoaparticulargroupororganizationThedemocratsnowfaceoppositionfromwithintheirranks.ThatsummerIleftschoolandjoinedtheranksoftheunemployed.越来越多党内人士不支持党领导层.Thepartyleadershipisloosingsupportintheranks.第56页Doyouagreewiththewritersviewinthisrespect,orwhatdoyouthinkcanotherfactorscauseit?第57页Text Analysis Part 第58页Language work:lamentlament(for/over)sth:v.expresssadness,regret,ordisappointmentaboutit.(mainlyformalorwritten)Kenbegantolament(for)thedeathofhisonlyson.lamentthat:v.toexpressannoyanceordisappointmentaboutsomethingyouthinkisunsatisfactoryo