2015届高考英语第一轮必修知识点复习题21.doc

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课时作业(二十二)　必修5　Unit 2　The United Kingdom
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·北京东城区4月质检)—How much do I owe you for lunch?
—________.It’s nothing.
A．You’re welcome　　　 B．Forget it
C．With pleasure　 D．That’s right
2．(2014·咸阳二模)—We had________really dry July last year.
—I can’t remember________summer when it rained so little.
A．a；a　 B．a；/
C．/；the　 D．the；a
3．(2014·杭州第二次质量检测)We can hardly believe that an intelligent person like Daniel________be asking such a silly question.
A．should　 B．might
C．must　 D．could
4．(2014·湖南湘潭二模)Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night，he finally found himself________in the forest.
A．lost　 B．being lost
C．having been lost　 D．losing
5．(2014·齐鲁名校联合测试)Though the suspect refused to admit that he had stolen the precious diamond at first，he________and admitted everything when he was shown the videotape.
A．broke off　 B．broke away
C．broke down　 D．broke into
6．(2014·山东省十二校高三联考)Please keep in mind no matter how frequently________，you should never relax your efforts.
A．having been praised　 B．prasied
C．to be praised　 D．being praised
7．(2014·黑龙江省四校联考)________into three groups，the students began to discuss the topic left over last time.
A．Dividing　 B．Divided
C．Having divided　 D．To be divided
8．It’s greatly________your credit that you’ve overcome such great difficulty and accomplished the task ahead of time.
A．on 　 B．to
C．in　 D．for
9．Ms Green checked everything carefully before she left the hotel，making sure that nothing was________.
A．left out　 B．picked out
C．let out　 D．taken out
10．(2014·浙江嘉兴二模)Smiling，more often than not，is a good way to avoid any possible________in our daily life.
A．explanation　 B．debate
C．fault　 D．conflict
11．(2014·山西师大附中一模)—Would you care for a cup of coffee?
—I________one.Thank you just the same.
A．had　 B．have had
C．would have　 D．will have
12．(2014·济南四月巩固性训练)I’m afraid physics is completely________me and I have to ask you for help.
A．beyond　 B．over
C．against　 D．off
13．(2013·湖北七市4月联考)The recent study has shown that people’s attitudes towards protecting the environment are not________with their behavior in daily life.
A．consistent　 B．reliable
C．satisfied　 D．enthusiastic
14．(2014·山东沂南质检)Only teachers are permitted to enter the reading­room，that is to say，the reading­room is only________to teachers.
A．introduced　 B．convenient
C．useful　 D．accessible
15．(2014·三亚高三质检)We are looking forward to seeing the policy carried out in our province，which has________a number of people’s attention recently.
A．attracted　 B．preserved
C．expanded 　 D．supported
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·山东省潍坊市五校联合高三下学期期中考试)
At times my mom has been uncomfortable seeing these qualities in me.For example，when I was 12，I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer.My mom was extremely nervous about it.She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico，to always put on sunscreen，not to wander away from my grandmother，and other warnings.She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.
But despite her worries，she let me go on my own.As I moved into my teens，she continued to give me space to grow and learn，even when it might have been difficult for her.When I reached my senior year，I decided to move away for college.Once again I found that I differed from my peers：While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own.While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away，she was supportive and excited for me.
One big thing I realized during my senior year，as my mom granted me more freedom，was that she actually believes in me and trusts me.That means a lot.Most of my life，and especially when I was little，the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother.I knew she expected nothing but the best from me.Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards；getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all A’s.
I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on what’s important，like education，and made me who I am.I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life.Most of all I respect her.She is the strongest woman I know and that’s why I have turned out so strong and independent.
1．When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico，his mother________.
A．wanted to go with him
B．worried about his safety
C．didn’t allow him to do so
D．asked his grandmother for advice
2．The author decided to move away for college to________.
A．be different from his peers
B．keep away from his mother
C．be independent in the outside world
D．make his mother unhappy
3．We can learn from the third paragraph that the author’s mother________.
A．had a high expectation of him
B．was too strict with him
C．used to expect nothing from him
D．cared little about his learning
4．We can learn from the last paragraph that the author________.
A．is quite grateful for his mother’s trust
B．still doesn’t quite understand his mother’s attitude
C．doesn’t like his mother’s involvement in his life
D．wishes to have more freedom from his mother
5．In the passage，the author mainly wants to tell us________.
A．his long way to becoming independent
B．his good relationship with his mother
C．the importance of a mother’s trust and support
D．his mother’s deep love for him
B
(2014·山东省泰安市高三第一轮复习质量检测)
More than one in four children alive in Britain today will celebrate their 100th birthday，official figures showed.The special figures show a huge social change，with today’s children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.Of the 12.4 million children aged 16 and under,3.3 million (27%) will become someone who is a hundred years old or older.In a class of 30 children，eight can live to be 100.And the rest of the children are likely to get to an old age，even though they will not make it to three figures.
Experts warned that children may live to 100，but that they will not get their state pension until they are 70 or beyond.The state pension age is rising to 66 for both men and women by 2020，and the Government has warned it will continue to rise.Laith Khalaf，a pension expert，said，“Living to an old age is lucky if you can afford it，but a nuisance if you can’t.Those without enough savings will be depending on the state pension which will be changed.”
It also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.Millions of older people have no pensions，no savings and no plans about how they are going to pay for their retirement other than to carry on working.If the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.
Laith said，“Millions of people will be spending over a third of their lives in retirement.It is high time that we reformed the state pension system.We want to make it fair for future generation.”
6．From the first paragraph we can learn that________.
A．today’s children probably live longer than their parents
B．few of British children are expected to live to an old age
C．more than 30% of children aged 16 can live to be 100
D．20% of British children will celebrate their 100th birthday
7．The underlined word “nuisance” in Paragraph 2 probably means________.
A．somebody who is disabled
B．somebody who is dishonest
C．something that causes trouble
D．something that is incorrect
8．What kind of life will people living to 100 probably face?
A．A high quality of life because of the development of technology.
B．A low quality of life because of bad health and limited money.
C．A high quality of life because of the increase in food price.
D．A low quality of life because of the present government.
9．Why should the government at present reform the state pension system?
A．The present pension system isn’t quite useful.
B．People nowadays don’t need the pension at all.
C．More and more people ask the government to do so.
D．The present pension system is unfair for future generation.
10．What can be inferred from the text?
A．The retirement age will be raised to 70 or beyond.
B．The government will provide job chances for the retired.
C．The state pension age for men is different from that for women.
D．It will increase the government’s pressure if more children live to 100.

课时作业(二十二)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析：　考查交际用语。前者问“我欠你多少午饭钱？”，根据后者的回答It’s nothing“那没什么”可知，应选B项Forget it算了。You’re welcome用来回答感谢的话，With pleasure用来回答别人的请求；That’s right意为“对，没错”，均不符合语境。
答案：　B
2．解析：　考查冠词。句意为：——去年我们度过了一个非常干燥的七月。——我记忆当中没有一个下雨下得如此少的夏天。 a really dry July意为“一个非常干燥的七月”，故第一空用不定冠词a；a summer意为“一个夏天”，表泛指，故第二空也用不定冠词a。
答案：　A
3．解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：我们几乎难以相信像Daniel这样聪明的人竟然问如此愚蠢的问题。此处should表示“竟然”。
答案：　A
4．解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：在黑暗中艰难地走了一个晚上，他最后发现自己在森林中迷路了。find oneself lost意为“发现自己迷路了”。此处是动词的­ed形式作宾语补足语。
答案：　A
5．解析：　考查动词短语。句意为：尽管犯罪嫌疑人一开始拒绝承认偷了这颗贵重的钻石，但当他看到监控录像时他精神崩溃并承认了一切。根据句意可知，应选break down(健康，精神)垮掉。break off中止，中断；break away强行逃脱；break into闯入。
答案：　C
6．解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：请记住，无论多么经常受到表扬，你绝不能松懈。no matter how引导让步状语，因句子主语和praise是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词的­ed形式。
答案：　B
7．解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：学生被分为三个组之后就开始讨论上次留下的话题了。divide与其逻辑主语the students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用divide的过去分词形式。
答案：　B
8．解析：　to one’s credit值得赞扬。句意为：你克服了如此大的困难，提前完成了任务，非常值得赞扬。
答案：　B
9．解析：　根据checked everything carefully before she left the hotel可知，这样做是为了确保没有东西被遗漏。leave out遗漏，符合句意。
答案：　A
10．解析：　句意为：通常微笑是一种在我们日常生活中避免任何可能出现的矛盾冲突的好办法。explanation解释，说明；debate辩论，辩论会；fault毛病，错误；conflict矛盾，冲突。
答案：　D
11．解析：　考查动词时态。句意为：——要不要来杯咖啡？——我刚喝过了一杯。仍然谢谢你。根据“Thank you just the same.”提示可知，事情已经发生，且对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时。
答案：　B
12．解析：　考查介词。句意为：恐怕物理对我来说太难了，我得请您帮忙。根据后面的“have to ask you for help”可知应选beyond。be beyond sb.超出某人的理解能力。
答案：　A
13．解析：　考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：最近的研究已经表明，人们对环保的态度与他们日常生活中的行为不一致。consistent意为“始终如一的，一致的，坚持的”；reliable意为“可靠的，可信赖的”；satisfied意为“满意的”；enthusiastic意为“热情的，热心的”。结合选项及语境可知，consistent符合题意。
答案：　A
14．解析：　句意为：只有老师被允许进入阅览室，也就是说，阅览室是专供老师们用的。be accessible to sb.对于某人来说可以进入或使用的。introduce介绍；convenient方便的；useful有用的。
答案：　D
15．解析：　句意为：我们盼望着这项政策能在我们省实施，这事最近吸引了很多人的关注。attract吸引，符合题意。preserve保护；维持；expand使变大；伸展；support支持；赞助。
答案：　A
Ⅱ.阅读理解
语篇解读　作者做每一次决定时，母亲都会给予信任和支持，使作者最终变得强大、独立。
1．解析：　考查细节理解。从文章第一段母亲的诸多叮嘱和警告可知，母亲为作者的安全担心。
答案：　B
2．解析：　考查细节理解。从文章第二段倒数第二句中的“I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own”可知，作者是想在外独立。
答案：　C
3．解析：　考查细节理解。从文章第三段中的“I knew she expected nothing but the best from me.”可知，母亲对作者期望很高。
答案：　A
4．解析：　考查推理判断。从文章最后一段最后三句话可知，作者对母亲给予自己的信任十分感激。
答案：　A
5．解析：　考查推理判断。综合全文可知，母亲的信任和支持使作者能够独立而强大，因此可知，本文的主要目的是说明母亲对孩子信任和支持的重要性。
答案：　C
语篇解读　官方数据表明，现在的英国儿童会比他们的长辈活得更久。令人担心的是，这将会给政府带来巨大的养老负担。
6．解析：　考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第二句“The special figures show a huge social change，with today’s children likely to survive far longer than their parents or grandparents.”可知，现在的英国儿童可能会比他们的长辈活得更久，故选A。
答案：　A
7．解析：　考查词义猜测。根据上下文可知，画线词所在句表示“如果你能够承担养老的费用，长寿是一种幸运，但如果承担不起，那就会是一种麻烦”，故nuisance＝something that causes trouble，答案为C。
答案：　C
8．解析：　考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“It also increases the possibility of millions of people surviving until their 100th birthday with a poor quality of life because of poor health and little money.”可知，活到100岁的人可能会面临因身体差、资金有限而造成生活质量降低的问题，即B项正确。
答案：　B
9．解析：　考查细节理解。根据第四段的最后一句“We want to make it fair for future generation.”可知，目前的养老金制度对于后代来说是不公平的，因此政府要改革养老金制度，故D项正确。
答案：　D
10．解析：　考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后一句“If the older population demands more resources，then they have to come from their own wealth or the government.”可知答案。
答案：　D

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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