2017-2018学年高一英语上册课时基础训练18.doc

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Section Ⅱ　Warming Up & Reading(Ⅱ) — Language Points

姓名：________　测试时间：45分钟　本卷总分：50分　自评或老师评分：________

　　基础训练

Ⅰ.根据括号内提示或首字母完成单词
1．In the sight of God, the rich are ________(平等的) to the poor.
2．The boy is so s________ and always thinks of himself.
3．She is ________(慷慨，大方的) and often helps the poor.
4．________(质量) often matters more than quantity.
5．That man d________ most of his time to studying animals.
6．They decided to a________ at night.
7．The child has a very ________(活跃的) imagination.
8．There is too much v________ on TV, which may have a bad effect on children.
9．I refuse to lie about it; it's against my ________(原则)．
10．This is her first time to perform on the s________.
答案：
1．equal　2.selfish　3.generous　4.Quality　5.devoted　6.attack　7.active　8.violence　9.principles　10.stage
Ⅱ.选词填空

1．Nobody seems to understand it. I don't know who to ________.
2．Anyone who ________ should be punished.
3．The people ________ will have to make a living in another way.
4．Whenever he is ________， he always asks his friend for help.
5．I wasn't angry at his words. ________， I thought them quite reasonable.
6．The little girl ________ a balloon and threw it into the air.
7．He was ________ for attacking a man with a knife.
8．I told them that I ________ help them finish the difficult task.
答案：
1．turn to　2.breaks the law　3.out of work　4.in trouble　5.As a matter of fact　6.blew up　7.put in prison　8.was willing to
Ⅲ.语法填空
Losing weight can help people who are overweight get a __1__(good) night's sleep, according to a new study.
And sleep quality seems to improve whether the weight loss __2__(achieve) through dieting alone or by __3__(combine) diet with exercise, researchers from Johns Hopkins found.
“We found that improvement in sleep quality was associated(联系) __4__ overall weight loss，especially belly fat，” the study's senior author，Kerry Stewart，__5__ professor of medicine, said in a Hopkins news release.
The study revealed that all of the participants were sleeping better by the end of the study, with both groups__6__(improve) their sleep quality equally by 20 percent.
“The key factor for improved sleep quality from our study was a __7__ (reduce) in overall body fat, and, in particular belly fat, __8__ was true no matter the age or gender of the participants or whether the weight loss came from diet alone or diet plus exercise，” Stewart explained in the news release.
The study is expected __9__ (present) on Tuesday at the American Heart Association meeting in Los Angeles. The data and __10__ (conclude) of the research presented at medical meetings should be considered preliminary (初步的) until published in a peer­reviewed journal.
答案：
约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的研究人员发现：不论你是单靠节食减肥还是结合饮食与运动减肥，都能提高睡眠质量。
1．解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，减肥可以帮助那些肥胖者有更好的睡眠。故填good的比较级形式。
答案：better
2．解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子成分可知，achieve与主语之间是被动关系，又因讲述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
答案：is achieved
3．解析：考查非谓语动词。因空前为介词，故需填combine的动词­ing形式。
答案：combining
4．解析：考查介词。be associated with sth.为固定搭配，意为“与某物有关”。
答案：with
5．解析：考查冠词。不定冠词a此处表示“一位”，指“一位医学教授”。
答案：a
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知， improve与groups之间是主谓关系，故用improve的动词­ing形式。
答案：improving
7．解析：考查词形转换。因空前有不定冠词a，故此处填名词形式。
答案：reduction
8．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，故填which。
答案：which
9．解析：考查非谓语动词。be expected后要接不定式，又因主语study与present之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填动词不定式的被动形式to be presented。
答案：to be presented
10．解析：考查词形转换。分析句子成分可知，and连接的是并列名词在句中作主语，故填入conclude的名词形式。因conclusion作“结论”讲时是可数名词，此处应使用其复数形式。
答案：conclusions

　　　　　　语篇提能

阅读理解
A

Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family. When she was young she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books. She also traveled a great deal with her mother and father.
As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.
At last her mind was made up. “I'm going to be a nurse，” she decided.
“Nursing isn't the right work for a lady，” her father told her.
“Then I will make it so，” she smiled. And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to England, Florence started a nursing home. During the Crimean War in 1854 she went with a group of thirty－eight nurses to the front hospital. What they saw there was terrible. Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen—and smelled. The officer there did not want any women to tell him how to run a hospital, either. But the brave nurse went to work.
Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes, beds, medicine and food for the men. Her only pay was in smiles from the lips of dying soldiers. But they were more than enough for this kind woman.
After she returned to England, she was honored for her services by Queen Victoria. But Florence said that her work had just begun. She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London. She also wrote a book on public health, which was printed in several countries.
Florence Nightingale died at the age of ninety, still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse. Indeed, it is because of her that we honor nurses today.
1．When she was a child, Florence ________.
A．loved to travel very much
B．knew what her duty in life was
C．loved to help the sick people
D．was most interested in music and drawing
2．What made Florence make up her mind to become a nurse?
A．Her father's support.
B．Her desire to help the sick.
C．Her education in Germany and France.
D．Her knowledge from reading great books.
3．Why was Florence honored by Queen Victoria?
A．She built the Nightingale Home for Nurses.
B．She wrote a book on public health.
C．She worked as a nurse all her life.
D．She did a great deal of work during the Crimean War.
4．The passage can best be described as ________.
A．the life story of a famous woman
B．a description of the nursing work
C．an example of successful education
D．the history of nursing in England
答案：
本文是一篇人物传记。主要介绍了南丁格尔的生平。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.可知C项为正确选项。
答案：C
2．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知她喜欢帮助生病的人，故选B。
答案：B
3．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段的内容和第七段的After she returned to England, she was honored for her services by Queen Victoria.可知。
答案：D
4．解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一名伟大的护士南丁格尔的生平。故选A。
答案：A
B
A painting by Chinese artist Qi Baishi set a record for modern art and calligraphy(书法) on the mainland when it sold for 425.5 million yuan at an auction(拍卖)on May 22.The sale was a milestone in the auction of modern and contemporary artworks.
The price meant its value had risen more than 2,000 per cent in six years. The work, Eagle Standing on Pine Tree with Four­character Couplet (对联) in Seal Script, measures about 2.6 meters by 1 meter. It was the second highest price paid for an artwork on the mainland. A Song dynasty work by Huang Tingjian sold for 436.8 million yuan, in 2010. Qi's painting was finished in 1946 when Qi was 82, and it was his largest work. With a starting price of 88 million yuan, it attracted nearly 50 bids(买方的出价)in half an hour. Shanghai businessman Liu Yiqian said that the work had belonged to him and had cost less than 20 million yuan in 2005. The auction company said the work was brought back to the mainland after being bought from a private owner in San Francisco six years ago.
China ranked first in global art sales last year, ahead of the United States and Britain. Four Chinese artists were among the top 10 in worldwide sales: Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian, Xu Beihong and Fu Baoshi.Qi's works ranked second in sales to Pablo Picasso's last year. Qi was born into a peasant family in Hunan Province in 1864. He taught himself to paint and focused on nature including plants, insects, birds and fish. He is mostly well­known for his paintings of shrimps. In 1953, he was elected president of China Artists Association. He died in Beijing in 1957.
5. What's the best title of the passage?
A. Qi Baishi's Painting Was Discovered
B. Qi Baishi's Painting Was Brought Back
C. Qi Baishi's Painting Set an Auction Record
D. The Value of Qi Baishi's Paintings Is on the Increase
6. Whose artwork sold for the highest price on the mainland?
A. Qi Baishi's.　　　 B. Huang Tingjian's.
C. Xu Beihong's. D. Zhang Daqian's.
7. The auction price of Qi's painting was ________ million yuan higher than the starting price in the auction.
A. 337.5 B. 348.8
C. 50 D. 11.3
8. The passage is most probably taken from a ________.
A. computer book B. library guide
C. technology magazine D. newspaper report
答案：
本文是一篇新闻报道。齐白石的一幅作品被拍卖出了“天价”，创造了大陆艺术品拍卖的纪录。
5．解析：根据文章第一段的内容可知，本文主要讲的是齐白石的一幅作品被拍卖出了“天价”，创造了大陆艺术品拍卖的纪录，故选C项。
答案：C
6．解析：根据文章第二段中的“It was the second highest price paid for an artwork on the mainland.A Song dynasty work by Huang Tingjian sold for 436.8 million yuan in 2010”可知，黄庭坚的作品在大陆拍卖出了最高价，故选B项。
答案：B
7．解析：根据第二段中的“With a starting price of 88 million yuan”可知，齐白石这幅作品的起价是88 million yuan，最终拍卖了425.5 million yuan，那么他的这幅画拍卖出的价格比最初的价格多了425.5－88＝337.5 million yuan。故A项正确。
答案：A
8．解析：文章主要介绍了齐白石的一幅作品在拍卖会上拍出了“天价”，属于新闻报道，故D项正确。
答案：D

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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