2015届高考英语第一轮梯级演练检测试题14.doc

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课时提升作业(十四)
必修5　Unit 2
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2014·天津模拟)Miss Green often said “God helps those who help themselves”, intending to　　　on us the significance of being independent.
A. base　　 B. impress　 C. focus　 　 D. rely
2. My money is　　　, so I have to call my parents saying that I am missing them.
A. run out B. using up
C. running out D. running out of
3. (2014·双鸭山模拟)This restaurant has become popular for its wide　　　of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division B. area C. range D. circle
4. —What does the model plane look like?
—Well, the length of its wings is　　　of its body.
A. more than twice the length
B. twice more than
C. more than twice that
D. twice the length
5. (2014·福州模拟)I appreciate　　　the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
A. giving B. to give
C. being given D. to be given
6. 　　　is no doubt that the Dallas Mavericks will defeat the Washington Wizards in the next game.
A. It B. As C. That D. There
7. (2014·阆中模拟)It would be very short-sighted to hold the　　　that our present good fortune will last forever.
A. advice B. demand
C. belief D. determination
8. (2014·湖北八市联考)Confidence is more than just an attitude; it comes from a strong commitment to take　　　, rather than just let life happen.
A. consideration B. effect
C. responsibility D. account
9. (2014·温州十校模拟)The fact　　　she told a lie had a great influence on her reputation.
A. whether B. what
C. that D. how
10. (2014·金华模拟)Riding a bicycle can be fun. But　　　you ride a bike to work, and then there isn’t one to ride home?
A. how come B. what if
C. no matter how D. wherever
11. Don’t touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they aren’t covered by skin and can　　　the virus more easily.
A. take up B. pick up
C. make up D. set up
12. Every day he　　　three bottles of alcohol, which has done great harm to his health.
A. consumes B. conducts
C. converts D. convinces
13. It is easy to　　　my car from others in the parking lot. It has an advertisement for a car company on its back.
A. let out B. give out
C. pick out D. run out
14. The room　　　10 meters across is large enough for a single man to live in.
A. measuring B. measures
C. to be measured D. measured
15. You are somewhat　　　about his work. After all, he is fresh here.
A. curious B. particular
C. concerned D. cautious
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
　　Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem. The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the population of several species.
Some of the first concrete evidence of the phenomenon came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot(旱獭)hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2. 5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots wake up about a month earlier.
At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks(花鼠)also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter.
The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures’ metabolism(新陈代谢). When the animals hibernate, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals’ heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter slumber, their metabolism returns to normal.
But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren’t as available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it’s spring, but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.
Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. In addition to changes in hibernation patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier. For many biologists, that’s a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said, “I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species. ”
1. What is the viewpoint of the writer?
A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.
B. Global warming will lead to shortened hibernation of some animals.
C. Shortened hibernation will result in declines in the population of animals.
D. Some animals will skip hibernation altogether.
2. The writer sets the example of the marmot so as to　　　.
A. explain that global warming influences animals’ hibernation
B. indicate that the weather gets warmer and warmer now
C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different
D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather
3. The underlined word “slumber” in the fourth paragraph means“　　　”.
A. weather B. activity
C. nest D. sleep
4. Why can’t marmots find enough food when they wake up?
A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.
B. Because plants haven’t received enough sunlight for spring growth.
C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.
D. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.

5. Terry Root holds a(n)　　　attitude towards the future of animals.
A. optimistic B. doubtful
C. pessimistic D. sensitive
Ⅲ. 任务型阅读
请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。
(2014·六合模拟)
　　Criticism(批评)is everywhere in life. It is up to you to decide how to react to it. Learn how to deal with criticism and lead a happier and more relaxing life.
Ask yourself how the criticism will affect you. Will you lose your job because of the criticism? Will you lose what is important to you because you are criticized? Will life stop existing if your opinions are not accepted? Surely not! So, don’t worry about it. Instead, remember that some criticism actually helps you make some improvements.
You absolutely cannot stop what people say. What you can do, however, is to change the way you react to criticism. If you let it upset you, then the blame is on you. You have the right to decide what to do with the criticism you receive.
Don’t be afraid to accept criticism. No one likes to be told that he is wrong. Yet, every single person has, at one time or another, been blamed for something. Realize that it’s normal. You may have received some strong criticism, but it doesn’t mean that you are foolish, or that you don’t have the ability to do something properly. If you are afraid to put your work out for others to see, you’ll never know if you are a capable person. Try not to think of it in that way and don’t take it seriously. If you can learn to be optimistic, you will remove some stress and nervousness about what people think, thus becoming happier.
Consider where the criticism comes from. It may help you step back and examine what causes the criticism. Is the critic just trying to offer constructive criticism? It is much easier to accept correction or guidance from someone that has good intentions. This type of criticism is known as valid criticism, because there is a valid point or reason to it. On the other hand, there are critics that offer their advice just to be negative. This is commonly referred to as invalid criticism because it is often not of any use at all.
Do your best. And if someone doesn’t like what you’ve done, so what? It’s either valid criticism or invalid criticism. But you have the power to decide how you will allow it to affect you.
Title: How to Deal with Criticism
The author’s opinion about criticism
Criticism is a(n)(1)　　　part of life and it is up to you to decide your reaction to it.
Ways of dealing with criticism
·Understand the(2)　　　that criticism has on you:
a. Some criticism won’t make a difference to you, so don’t feel
(3)　　　about it.
b. Some criticism can help you(4)　　　.
·Change the way you respond to criticism and try not to be(5)　　　about it.
·Accept criticism(6)　　　:
Receiving criticism doesn’t mean you are stupid or that you are(7)　　　to do things.
·Be optimistic about criticism and you will become less stressed or(8)　　　.
·Think about the(9)　　　for criticism:
It may be valid criticism or invalid criticism.
(10) 　　　
Take criticism as it is and remember you decide how you respond to it.
【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着
阅读理解——巧妙运用“扫读”技巧, 快速定位关键信息
“扫读”是一种快速阅读的解题技巧, 指的是带有预定目的地寻找文章中的相关信息, 从而快速确定答案的技巧。在扫读过程中, 我们忽略与题目要求不相关的信息, 寻找具体相关的事实信息。此方法主要针对主旨大意题和词义猜测题。
“扫读”一般分“三步”进行。第一步: 阅读题干, 明确要求; 第二步: 扫读短文, 查找相关信息; 第三步: 确定关键词语, 定位答案。例如阅读理解第3题, 根据题干The underlined word “slumber” in the fourth paragraph要求, 快速扫读到第
段, 快速扫读段落内容确定关键词语“ ”就可判断出答案为 。
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 格林小姐经常说“天助自助者”, 意在让我们铭记独立的重要性。base基于; impress给……以深刻印象, 使铭记; focus集中; rely依赖, 依靠。固定表达impress. . . on sb. 意思“使某人铭记……”。
2. 【解析】选C。考查近义短语的用法区别。句意: 我的钱快花光了, 因此我不得不打电话给我父母说我想念他们。run out只能是物作主语, 后面不能加任何东西, 也没有被动; run out of后面要带宾语, 也有被动, 一般是人作主语; use up是及物动词, 有被动, 后面带宾语。
3. 【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适合各种口味和消费水平的人群。division分隔, 隔离; area地区; range同一种类之中的一系列; circle圈。a range of强调一个系列, 而a wide range of意为“各种各样的”, 符合题意。
【加固训练】
The annual　　　of temperatures in the north can be from 30℃to 40℃, which we seldom see in the south.
A. range B. concern
C. diversity D. level
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 北方气温的年度变化范围有可能达30℃到40℃, 这在南方很少见。range范围; concern关心, 关注; diversity差异, 多样性; level水平。由句意可知, 选A。
4. 【解析】选C。考查倍数表达法。句意: ——这架飞机模型是什么样子的? ——它的机翼的长度是机身长度的两倍多。此题使用了倍数表达句型, 先说倍数再说其他, 且为避免重复用that代指上文出现的名词length。
5.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词的用法。句意: 两年前我得到在你的公司工作的机会, 我对此非常感激。appreciate表示“感激”, 其后通常接动名词作宾语, 而动词give与I之间为被动关系, 故选C项。
【加固训练】
Outstanding as the young man is, his talents are not fully　　　in the company.
A. approached B. appreciated
C. arranged D. applied
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 尽管这个年轻人非常优秀, 但是他的才能并没有在公司内完全受到赏识。approach接近, 靠近; appreciate感激, 欣赏, 赏识; arrange安排; apply应用。由句意可知选B。
6. 【解析】选D。There is no doubt that. . . 是固定句型, 意为“毫无疑问……”。
【拓展延伸】doubt后接从句的用法小结
(1)doubt作动词后接宾语从句
①在否定句和疑问句中, doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。例如:
I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.
我相信他能按时完成任务。
Do you doubt that she will succeed?
你怀疑她会成功吗?
②在肯定句中, doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。例如:
I doubt whether they can swim across the river.
我怀疑他们能否游过河去。
He doubts if she will keep her word.
他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。
注意: 在肯定句中, doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句, 但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。例如:
We doubt that they can complete the work ahead of time. 我们不相信他们能提前完成这项工作。
(2)doubt作名词后接同位语从句
①doubt用在否定句中, 后面接that引导的同位语从句。例如:
There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.
毫无疑问, 他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。
②doubt用在肯定句中, 后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意不可以用if替换whether。例如:
There is some doubt whether their football team will win the match.
他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。
7. 【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 持有我们现在的好运气将永远持续下去的想法将是目光非常短浅的。advice建议; demand要求; belief信念, 观念; determination决心。hold a belief that. . . 有……的观念/认识。故选C。
8. 【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 自信并不仅仅是态度问题。它来源于负责任的有力承诺, 而不是随波逐流。consideration考虑; effect影响; responsibility责任; account解释, 账户。根据句意可知选C。
9.【解析】选C。考查同位语从句引导词。句意: 她说谎这个事实对她的声誉有很大的影响。名词性从句句子成分和意思都完整, 所以要用that引导。
10.【解析】选B。考查固定表达。句意: 骑自行车很有趣。但是假使你骑自行车去上班, 然而回家时没有车骑将会怎样呢? how come怎么回事, 怎么搞的; what if假使……又怎么样呢; no matter how无论怎样; wherever无论在哪。故选B。
11. 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 不要碰你的眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴, 因为它们没有被皮肤覆盖, 更容易染上病毒。take up占据, 从事于, 开始做; pick up捡起, 用车接, 无意中学会, 恢复, 康复; 染上……; make up化妆, 编造, 组成; set up建立, 成立。根据句意可知本句中的pick up指“染上”。故B正确。
12.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 他每天都要喝掉3瓶酒, 这已经对他的健康造成了极大的损害。consume消耗, 消费, 吃, 喝(某物); conduct执行, 传导; convert转化; convince说服。
13. 【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 在停车场认出我的车很容易。它后面有一家汽车公司的广告。let out释放, 发出; give out分发, 公布, 用尽, 精疲力竭; pick out挑选出, 分辨出; run out用完, 用光。
14. 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词用法。句意: 这个10米宽的房间足够一个人居住。句中的measure为不及物动词, 表示事物的长、宽、高等是多少, 不能用于被动语态和进行时态, 作定语要用现在分词。故正确答案是A。B项为谓语动词形式, 如将选项改为which/that measures也正确; C、D两项为被动形式, 不正确。
【拓展延伸】
　　除了动词measure在表示“某物有……长(宽、高等)”含义时没有被动语态和进行时态形式外, 下列动词(短语)也适用于本规律, 它们是: consist of(由……组成); belong to(属于); date back to(追溯到); break out(爆发, 突然发生); stand/lie(表示静止状态, 意为“某物位于某处”)以及taste, feel, look, smell, sound等感官动词; stay, keep, remain(作系动词, 表示“保持, 仍然”)。例如:
Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will　　　fresh for several days.
A. be stayed B. stay
C. be staying D. have stayed
【解析】选B。stay在句中为系动词, 意为“保持”, 没有进行时态和被动语态形式。
15. 【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 你对他的工作有点挑剔了。毕竟他还没有经验。be curious about对……好奇的; be particular about对……挑剔的; be concerned about关心, 担心……; be cautious about对……谨慎的。
【加固训练】
(2014·三明模拟)Honesty is priceless. Stars, 　　　, need to take honesty seriously.
A. in short B. in return
C. in particular D. in reward
【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 诚实是无价的。明星们尤其要认真对待诚实。in particular尤其, 符合题意。in short总之, 简言之; in return作为回报; in reward作为回报, 均与题意不符。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】全球变暖带来的连锁反应是多方面的, 其中之一就是导致一些冬眠动物的冬眠期缩短, 这会给这些动物带来巨大的影响。
1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知答案为C。
2. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话可知作者是想借这个例子来说明全球变暖使得动物的冬眠期缩短了。
3. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。联系本句中的awake from可知答案为D项。
4. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth可知答案为B项。
5. 【解析】选C。观点态度题。根据文章最后一句话I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species. 可以看出他是持悲观态度。
Ⅲ.【文章大意】批评在生活中随处可见。只有学会如何正确对待批评, 我们才能过上更幸福、更轻松的生活。
1. 【解析】common。从文章的第一句话Criticism is everywhere in life. 可知答案是common。
2. 【解析】effects。从第二段的句子Ask yourself how the criticism will affect you. 可知把affect改成effects。
3. 【解析】worried。从第二段的句子So, don’t worry about it. 可知要将worry改成worried。
4. 【解析】improve。从第二段的句子Instead, remember that