2015届高考英语第一轮必修知识点复习题23.doc

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课时作业(二十四)　必修5　Unit 4　Making the news　
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2014·济南名校模考)—Well，Dick，I’m sorry that I have to leave.
—________.Let’s email often.
A．So am I　　　　　　 B．Keep in touch
C．Enjoy yourself　 D．Don’t be sad
2．(2014·银川一中质检)Though surprised to see us，________artist and________professor gave us________warm welcome in her villa.
A．the；the；a　 B．an；a；/
C．the；/；a　 D．an；/；/
3．(2014·苏锡常镇四市调研)—Show me your permit，please.
—Oh，it’s not in my pocket.It________.
A．must have fallen out　 B．might fall out
C．could fall out　 D．should have fallen out
4．(2014·南京一模)—How are things going，Janet?
—They have set out to deal with the present situation________they think deserves their immediate attention.
A．which　 B．where
C．when　 D．what
5．(2014·安徽合肥第一次质量检测)Currently，many American women are still faced with the________of choosing between work and family commitments.
A．desperation　 B．confusion
C．dilemma　 D．concern
6．(2014·山东省胶东示范学校二模)Susan gave another call to John________he forgot his promise to help her move house.
A．so that　　 B．in case
C．although 　 D．if
7．(2014·实验中学一模)Please do me a favor—________Mr Black of our new date and place of the meeting，or he’ll miss it.
A．to inform　 B．informing
C．informed　 D．inform
8．(2014·安徽重点中学3月联考)Not only________to turn off the lights in the kitchen，but we also failed to lock the front door.
A．we forgot　 B．forgot we
C．did we forget　 D．we did forget
9．—Do you have enough to________all your daily expenses?
—Oh，yes，enough and to space.
A．cover　 B．spend
C．fill　 D．offer
10．It took him a long time to________the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
A．require　　 B．acquire
C．inquire 　　 D．gather
11．(2014·日照模拟)People who study or work away from home are________to go back to celebrate the Spring Festival.
A．eager 　　 B．evident
C．content 　　 D．curious
12．(2013·江西南昌两校第四次联考)—Johnson is a qualified driver with more than ten years’ experience.
—________，I won’t hire him.You know honesty is the most important factor I will consider.
A．Meanwhile 　 B．Even so
C．Instead 　 D．Moreover
13．(2013·陕西五校二模)A turning point of the continuously high housing price won’t appear suddenly because there must be a certain process________many factors lead to the change.
A．which　 B．what
C．where　 D．that
14．(2014·山东省实验中学高三质检)You should get down to your study from now on.Please________what is of great importance for your future development.
A．concentrate on　 B．depend on
C．put on　 D．take on
15．(2012·安徽卷)Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she________there，she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.
A．lives 　 B．would live
C．has lived 　 D．were to live
Ⅱ.完形填空　　[建议用时15′]
An Italian professor of philosophy who teaches at the University of Pisa perhaps is the most interesting person I have ever met.Although I last met him eight years ago，I have not forgotten his__1__qualities.
First of all，I was impressed by his__2__to teaching.His lectures were always well­prepared and clearly delivered，so students__3__into his classroom.His followers also appreciated the fact that he believed in__4__he taught and that he was always encouraging.He could be__5__in every class to explain his ideas in an imaginative way.Once he__6__sang a song in class in order to make a point clear.
Second，I admired him for the fact that he would easily make friends with students.Sometimes he would__7__a student to join him in a game of chess.At other times，he would discuss subjects__8__from astronomy to diving with students.Many young people visited him in his office for academic advice；others came to his home for social evenings.
Finally，I was attracted by his lively__9__of humor.He believed that no lesson is a success __10__，during it，the students and the professor share at least one loud laugh.If it is true that life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry，then my friend is truly a wise man.
1.A.common 　 B．special
C．basic 　 D．funny
2．A.attention 　 B．production
C．devotion 　 D．determination
3．A.crowded 　 B．flew
C．slipped 　 D．jumped
4．A.that 　 B．which
C．what 　　 D．when
5．A.expected 　 B．told
C．ordered 　 D．recommended
6．A.only 　 B．also
C．nearly 　 D．even
7．A.force 　 B．challenge
C．drive 　 D．beg
8．A.spoken 　 B．remaining
C．written 　 D．ranging
9．A.feeling 　 B．manner
C．hobby 　 D．sense
10．A.unless 　 B．if
C．while 　 D．until
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2014·江西省九江市高三年级模拟考试)
Many people think of the brain as a mystery.They don’t know much about intelligence and how it works.When they do think about what intelligence is，many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.
Everyone knows that when you lift weights，your muscles get bigger and you get stronger.A person who can’t lift 20 pounds when he/she starts exercising can get strong enough to lift 100 pounds after working out for a long time.That’s because the muscles become larger and stronger with exercise.And when you stop exercising，the muscles shrink and you get weaker.That’s why people say “Use it or lose it！”
But most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things，parts of their brain change and get larger a lot like muscles do when they exercise.Inside the cortex (皮层) of the brain are billions of tiny nerve cells，called neurons.The nerve cells have branches connecting them to other cells in a complicated network.Communication between these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems.When you learn new things，these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger.The more you challenge your mind to learn，the more your brain cells grow.Then，things that you once found very hard or even impossible to do—like speaking a foreign language or doing algebra (代数)—seem to become easy after learning them for a period of time.The result is a stronger，smarter brain.
Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’ brains.They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more “perspicacious”—they were better at solving problems and learning new things.
1. According to the first paragraph，________.
A．the function of our brain is like that of the muscle
B．until now it’s impossible to explain the brain’s mystery
C．many people believe one’s intelligence is naturally determined
D．one’s brain grows stronger as the age increases
2．Training muscles is compared to________.
A．using the brain
B．connecting things in your brain
C．lifting weights
D．doing research about the brain
3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The complex structure of the brain.
B．How changes in the muscles affect the brain.
C．The importance of the brain.
D．How the brain becomes stronger by learning new things.
4．What does the underlined word “perspicacious” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Strong.　　　　　　　 B．Smart.
C．Popular.　 D．Active.
5．The following paragraph will most probably talk about________.
A．the differences between animals’ brains and humans’ brains
B．the relation between human brains and muscles
C．scientists’ findings about animals’ brains
D．how to make your brain smarter through self­development
Ⅳ.写作
(2014·山东省日照市高三年级模拟考试)
你校某研究性学习小组正在开展关于“学生与家长、老师、同学之间的关系处理”的调查。请你就这一话题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：
1．现状：关系处理总体情况较好，但仍存在一些问题，如与同学吵架、自我意识强、不听家长和老师的教育，甚至顶撞老师、家长等。
2．你个人的改进意见(至少两条)。
注意：词数：120～150；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
A survey about the relationship between students and teachers，family members or classmates is being made by a research study group of our school.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

课时作业(二十四)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析：　考查交际用语。句意为：——嗯，迪克，不好意思，我得走了。——保持联系，常发邮件。根据“Let’s email often.”可知，空处表示“保持联系”，故选B。
答案：　B
2．解析：　考查冠词。句中信息词her表明主语是一个人，即“艺术家兼教授”，所以第一空用定冠词the表示特指；第二空不填；第三空后的welcome是抽象名词具体化的用法，其前用不定冠词。
答案：　C
3．解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：——请出示你的证件。——噢，它不在我的口袋里。一定是从口袋里掉出去了。根据语境可知，此处是对过去发生的动作的肯定推测。
答案：　A
4．解析：　考查定语从句。句意为：——情况怎么样，Janet？——他们已经着手处理目前的情况，他们认为这值得他们及时注意。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the present situation，从句中they think为插入语，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。
答案：　A
5．解析：　考查名词辨析。句意为：目前，许多美国女性仍然面临着在工作和家庭之间进行选择的两难境地。desperation绝望；confusion混乱；dilemma窘境，进退两难的境地；concern担心，忧虑。
答案：　C
6．解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：以防约翰忘记他要帮自己搬家的承诺，苏珊又给他打了次电话。in case以防万一，符合句意。
答案：　B
7．解析：　考查祈使句。句意为：请帮我个忙——通知Black先生最新的开会时间和地址，否则他会错过的。祈使句＋and/or＋sb.will do sth.为固定句式，表示请求、命令、要求、威胁等概念。
答案：　D
8．解析：　考查倒装。句意为：我们不仅忘记关厨房的灯，而且也忘了锁前门。not only位于句首时，其后的成分要部分倒装，故选C项。B项为全部倒装，故排除。
答案：　C
9．解析：　句意为：——你有足够的钱支付你的日常花费吗？——是的，不仅够用还有富余。cover支付，符合句意。
答案：　A
10．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：他花了很长一段时间才学会成为一名专业艺术家所需要的技能。acquire意为“得到，获得”，符合句意。inquire询问；require需要；gather聚集。
答案：　B
11．解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：那些在外学习或工作的人们急于回家过春节。根据句意可知，eager渴望的，符合句意。
答案：　A
12．解析：　考查副词辨析。句意为：——Johnson是一个有十多年经验的合格的司机。——尽管如此，我也不会雇用他。你知道诚实是我要考虑的最重要的因素。根据答语中的“I won’t hire him”可知，此处应用Even so尽管如此。
答案：　B
13．解析：　考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知“________many factors lead to the change”是定语从句，a certain process为先行词，表示抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语，故空处用where。
答案：　C
14．解析：　句意为：从现在起你应该开始认真学习了，请专心于对你未来的发展是非常重要的事情。concentrate on专心于……，符合句意。depend on依靠，依赖；put on穿上，戴上；take on呈现，承担。
答案：　A
15．解析：　考查虚拟语气。句意为：Grace 不想搬到纽约，因为她认为，如果她住到那里去，她就不能经常看到父母了。主句“Grace doesn’t want to move to New York”说明 Grace 尚未搬到纽约，故此处表示的是对将来的虚拟，if 引导的虚拟条件从句中可使用过去式或 should＋动词原形或 were to＋动词原形，D 项当选。
答案：　D
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过回忆哲学教授对教学的热爱和学生的友好相处以及他特有的幽默感，表达了对教授的喜爱、敬佩之情。文中的教授是一个非常聪明的人。
1．解析：　考查形容词辨析。common普通的；special特别的；basic基础的；funny滑稽的。根据下文对教授的回忆可知，“我”无法忘记他特别的品质。
答案：　B
2．解析：　考查名词辨析。attention注意；production成果，作品；devotion热爱，奉献；determination决心。根据下文“His lectures were always well­prepared and clearly delivered”可推知，他热爱教育。
答案：　C
3．解析：　考查动词辨析。crowd拥挤；fly飞；slip滑倒；jump跳。由于他的课程准备充分，表达清晰，因此他的课堂坐满了学生。
答案：　A
4．解析：　考查名词性从句。空格处作believed in的宾语，故用what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，故C项正确。
答案：　C
5．解析：　考查动词辨析。expect预料，盼望；tell告诉；order命令；recommend推荐。联系上文可知，大家都期望着他能用富于想象的方式来解释他的观点。
答案：　A
6．解析：　 考查副词辨析。 根据语境可知，有一次他甚至在课堂上唱歌来表达自己的看法。
答案：　D
7．解析：　考查动词辨析。force促使，强迫；challenge挑战；drive开车；beg乞讨。根据空格后“join him in a game of chess”可知，他向学生发出挑战。
答案：　B
8．解析：　考查动词辨析。根据下文“from astronomy to diving with students”可知，他们的讨论话题很广泛，从天文学到跳水。range...from...为固定搭配，意为“(在……范围内)变动，变化”。
答案：　D
9．解析：　考查名词辨析。feeling感情；manner方式，习惯；hobby爱好；sense感觉，理智。此处指教授富有幽默感，a sense of humor意为“幽默感”，为固定用法。
答案：　D
10．解析：　 考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，他坚信在一堂课上，教授和学生应该至少有一次快乐的笑声，否则那堂课就不算成功。unless意为“除非，如果不”，符合语境。
答案：　A
Ⅲ.阅读理解
语篇解读　科学研究发现，经常学习能促进大脑的发育，正如经常锻炼能使肌肉更强健一样。
1．解析：　考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.”可知C项正确。
答案：　C
2．解析：　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.”可知答案。
答案：　A
3．解析：　考查段落大意。本段详细描述了大脑如何通过练习和学习新事物而发生变化，从而变得更敏捷。
答案：　D
4．解析：　考查词义猜测。根据破折号后面的“they were better at sloving problems and learning new things”可知，该词应为“敏锐的”之意。
答案：　B
5．解析：　考查推理判断。最后一段提出科学家是从研究动物的大脑得出的结论，因此下一段最可能进一步描述这些研究成果。
答案：　C
Ⅳ.写作
A survey about the relationship between students and teachers，family members or classmates is being made by a research study group of our school.Generally speaking，we are getting on well with each other.However，there exist some problems.Some students are easy to lose their temper because of anxiety and study burden.Sometimes they are too self­centered.What’s worse，they sometimes quarrel with others，and even turn a deaf ear to their parents and teachers and speak against their parents and teachers，which is very disappointing.
In my opinion，we middle school students should make our efforts to improve the situation.First，we should respect our parents and teachers as well as our classmates.Second，when we are not feeling happy，we can have a heart­to­heart chat with our friends or teachers or even parents.It is likely that they can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice.

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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